lesson2代词课件

1、代 词By夕 夕pron.定义：代替名词、形容词或数词的词就是代词。它们指人称和事物，但又不说出他们的名字，所以叫做代词。分类：1）人称代词 2）物主代词3）反身代词 4）指示代词5）疑问代词 6）连接代词7）关系代词 8）不定代词英系部落格英系部落格英系部落格英系部落格1）人称代词表示“我、你、他、我们、你们、他们”等的词叫做人称代词。人称代词有人称、数和格之分。 主格 宾格 主格 宾格第一人称 I me we us第二人称 you you you you第三人称 he/she/it his/her/it they them人称代词的语序：单数形式：（二、三、一） 即：you/ he/ I例

2、：You, she and I all enjoy the music.复数形式：（一、二、三） 即：we/ you/ they人称代词可用作主语、表语、宾语以及介词的宾语。1、I am a worker,I work in the factory.我是一个工人，我在工厂工作。2、You are a good teacher.你是一位优秀教师。3、She is a little girl.她是一个小女孩。4、Its a heavy box,I cant carry it.这是一个重盒子，我搬不动。5、Its me.Open the door quickly.是我，快开门。6、Dont tell

3、 him about it.不要告诉他这件事情。7、She is always ready to help us.她随时都在准备帮助我们。8、Our teacher is very strict with us.我们的老师对我们很严格。人称代词中几个注意的情况：第一人称单数代词“ I(我) ”不论在什么地方都要大写。I study English every day.我天天学习英语。“ we ” 常常代替“ I ”表示一种同读者、听众或观众之间的亲密关系。We shall do our best to help the poor.我们将尽全力帮助贫困者。“ she ”常常代替国家、城市、宠物等

4、，表示一种亲密或爱抚的感情。I live in China.She is a great country.我住在中国。她是一个伟大的国家。“ it ”有时也可指人。Its me.Open the door,please.是我，请开门。“ they ”有时代替一般人。They say you are good at computer.他们说你精通计算机。知识点串讲“格”首先要清楚主语和宾语举个例子 I like the book.这里I是主语，the book 是宾语。宾语是接在谓语动词后的成分。 下面再谈主格和宾格这里的“格”其实也就是主语和宾语的不同形式。像Give me the book.

5、这里“我”是做宾语，所以用宾格meI give him the book.这里“我”是作主语，所以用主格I，“他”作宾语，所以用宾格him（主格he）第三“格”是名词的所有格，表示所属关系。它有两种构成方式，即 -s 所有格和 of 所有格。“ -s ”的所有格1、以s结尾的复数名词直接加“ ” 其余加“ s ”2、以s结尾的人名加“ ”或加“ s ”例：1、Have you read Robert Brownings poems?你读过罗伯特-勃郎宁的诗吗？2、We accepted the invitation without a moments hesitation我们一点也没有犹豫就接

6、受了邀请。3、New Yorks population is much larger than Washingtons，though it is not the capital city纽约的人口比华盛顿多得多，虽然它并不是首都城市。在某些习惯用语中，尽管是表示无生命的名词，也需要s的所有格。例如：1、The driver escaped the death by a hairs breadth.那个司机这回真是九死一生。2、Now you may sing to your hearts content.你现在可以尽情地唱了。另外，for friendships sake（为了友情），at a

7、 stones throw（一箭之远）， at ones fingers tip（手头上有），at arms length（保持距离），at ones witsend（黔驴技穷）等都属此类。也可用于无生命的东西的名词之后：表示时间的名词，todays paper.今天的报纸表示国家的名词，Englands shore.英国的海岸一些表示车，船，用具的名词，I like the cars design.我喜欢这辆车的设计。“ of ”的所有格凡不能加 s 的名词，都可以与of构成短语，来表示所有关系。无生命名词的所有格也可以这么用。例如：Does anyone know the title of

8、 the novel?有谁知道这部小说的名字？There is a tall maple tree at the end of the road.在这条路的尽头有一棵高高的枫树。但有特殊情况：This is a photo of my parents.如果名词后面有一个较长定语，尽管名词表示有生命的东西，也可以用这种所有格形式。例如：Did you listen to the speech of the President Clinton over the radio?你听了克林顿总统的广播讲话了吗？They have the support of the people of the deve

9、loping countries.他们得到发展中国家人民的支持。另外补充两个：双重所有格和特殊所有格一、双重所有格所谓“双重所有格（double genitive）”，是指名词所有格或名词性物主代词同of构成的所有格，即“of+名词所有格”。双重所有格有以下几个特征：1）“of+名词所有格”中的名词必须表示人，不能表示事物。因此，我们可以说：a play of Shakespeares（莎士比亚的一个戏剧）a friend of my wifes（我妻子的一个朋友）但却不能说a funnel of the ships 或 a leg of a tables ，而且该名词必须是特指的，不能是泛指

10、的。我们可以说：a friend of the doctors（这位医生的一个朋友），a novel of the writers（那位作者的一部小说），而不能说a friend of a doctors或 a novel of a writers2）除了修饰的原因外，用双重所有格主要是由于被修饰词有排他性的限定词。如冠词、某些不定代词、指示代词、疑问代词、数词等。比如我们不能说 an our old acquaintance ，而必须说an old acquaintance of ours（我们的一个老相识）；不能说many their books ，正确的说法是 many books of

11、 theirs（他们的许多书）。再如：This demand of theirs is quite ridiculous.他们的这个要求非常可笑。“This foolish wife of mine thinks Im a great artist，” he said.“我那愚蠢的老婆以为我是个大艺术家。”他说道。3）注意区别下列四种表达方式含义的差别：one of my brothers friends（双宾格明确表示我兄弟有一个以上的朋友）a friend of my brothers（双宾格暗示我兄弟有一个以上的朋友）a friend of my brother（只能说明是我兄弟的朋友）

12、my brothers friend（我兄弟唯一的一个朋友或刚刚谈及的那一个朋友）二、特殊所有格若一样东西为两人共有，则后一个人名用所有格；如果不是两人共有，而是各有各的，则两个名词都用所有格，且其后名词应为复数。例如：The woman dressed in blue is Mary and Alices mother那个穿蓝衣服的妇女是玛丽和爱丽丝的母亲。You should find what the difference between Mr.Smiths and Mr.Blacks cars is你应当发现史密斯先生与布莱克先生的汽车的不同之处。2）物主代词表示所有关系的代词叫做物主

13、代词。物主代词可分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种。示意如下： 形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词 单数 复数 单数 复数第一人称 my our mine ours第二人称 your our yours yours第三人称 his/her/its their his/hers/its theirs形容词性物主代词在句中做定语修饰名词，一般不单独使用。例如：1、I love my country.我热爱我的国家。2、Is this your car?这是你的汽车吗？3、Some one is looking for you,his name is Tom.有人找你，他的名字是汤姆。名词性物主

14、代词可用作主语、宾语、表语以及与“ of ”连接（表示所属关系）的定语。常常用来避免与前面提及的名词重复，相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”。1、Li Huas bike is red,and yours is green.李华的自行车是红色的，而你的是绿色的。2、That car is mine,not yours.那辆汽车是我的，不是你的。3、These books are ours.这些书是我们的。4、Whose bag is it?Its hers.这是谁的书包? 是她的。5、Yesterday I met a friend of mine in the street.昨天我在街上碰见了

15、我的一位朋友。1. She is a friend of _. A. my B. mine C. I2. This isnt my pen ,it is _. A. her B. his C. him3. Frank cant find _ dictionary . Can you lend _ to _? A. her , mine , her B. / , yours , he C. his , yours , him英系部落格英系部落格英系部落格英系部落格1. She is a friend of _. A. my B. mine C. I2. This isnt my pen ,it

16、is _. A. her B. his C. him3. Frank cant find _ dictionary . Can you lend _ to _? A. her , mine , her B. / , yours , he C. his , yours , him英系部落格英系部落格英系部落格英系部落格it的用法it既是宾格又可以做主格，有时也可以指人。代表前面提到过的事物。如：My pen is missing. I cant find it anywhere.用来指人，主要指婴儿或者身份不明的人。1)A:Who is knocking at the door? B:It is

17、 me.2)The woman had a baby. It was five months old.表示时间、距离、天气等。如：It will be sunny tomorrow.作形式主语或者形式宾语。如：1)I found it difficult to learn English well first.2)It is impossible for us to learn a foreign language.it固定句型1、做某事情对某人来说是It is + adj. (+for sb.) +to do sth.例：It is hard for me to do this work.2

18、、轮到某人做Its ones turn to do sth. 例：Its your turn to clean the room.3、是（某人）做某事的时候了Its time (for sb.) to do sth.例：Its time for you to do the homework.4、据说Its said that 例：Its said that your teacher leave our school.5、某人花费做某事It takes sb. some time to do sth.6、自从以来，已经有（时间）了。It is / has been + 时段 + since +

19、从句(过去时)7、某人发现/认为/感觉到做某事是的 findsb. + think + it + adj. to do sth. feel1.I found _ very difficult to make progress in my study . A. its B. it C. that2. It _ my father a whole month to go on business . A. spent B. cost C. took3. It is great fun _ surfing on the Internet . A. go B. to go C. going 英系部落格英

20、系部落格英系部落格英系部落格1.I found _ very difficult to make progress in my study . A. its B. it C. that2. It _ my father a whole month to go on business . A. spent B. cost C. took3. It is great fun _ surfing on the Internet . A. go B. to go C. going 英系部落格英系部落格英系部落格英系部落格3）反身代词又叫自称代词。表示我自己、你自己、他（她/它）自己、我们自己、你们自己

21、、他们（她们/它们）自己等的词叫做反身代词。由第一人称、第二人称形容词性物主代词和第三人称人称代词宾格，单数加词尾self、复数加词尾selves 构成。 单数 复数第一人称 myself ourselves第二人称 yourself yourselves第三人称 himself/herself/itself themselves用法：一）作动词的宾语与enjoy, hurt, teach, look after等词连用，表明动作的承受者就是主语本身。1、enjoy oneself = have a good time例：Did you enjoy yourself at the party

22、last night?2、help oneself (to sth.) 随便吃点什么。后面可接食物，一般用在宴会当中，用来招呼客人的用语。例：Help yourselves to some fruit,children.3、hurt oneself 伤害自己例：She didnt hurt herself.4、teach oneslef=learn by oneself 自学例：Did you teach yourself English? = Did you learn English by yourself?I am teaching myself computer. = I am lea

23、rning computer by myself.5、look after oneself = take care of oneself 照顾自己例：I can look after myself well. = I can take good care of myself.6、say to oneself 自言自语例：Mary said to herself, “ What shall I do?”7、come to oneself 苏醒例：Soon the lady came to herself.8、make oneself + P.P.(过去分词) 使自己被别人.例：She did h

24、er best to make herself understood.9、make yourself at home 别客气，让自己像在家一样例：Help yourself to some fish. Make yourself at home.10、lose oneself in 沉浸于./陶醉于.例：They both lost themselves in the beautiful music.反身代词和介词连用构成介词宾语二）反身代词和介词连用构成介词宾语，即介宾短语1、do sth. by oneself=do sth. alone 自己做例：She has done her hom

25、ework by herself.2、for oneself 为自己例：She made the skirt for herself.3、of oneself 自然而然的、自动的例：The door opened of itself.4、among themselves 在他们中间例：They are discussing the matter among themselves.三）作表语反身代词可与be动词或系动词连用，表示或描述一种感觉、情绪或状态。The little boy was myself.注释：表语用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的，表语常由名词、形容词、副词、介词短

26、语、动词的-ing、从句来充当，它常位于系动词（be, become, appear, seem,look,sound,feel,get,smell等词）之后。如果句子的表语也是由一个句子充当的，那么这个充当表语的句子就叫做表语从句。系动词，亦称连系动词（Link Verb），是用来帮助说明主语的动词。作为系动词，它本身有词义，但不能单独用作谓语，后边必须跟表语，亦称补语，构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。四）用作主语同位语或宾语同位语，往往用来加强名词或代词的语气，在句中可置于名词、代词之前、之后或句子末尾。1、作主语的同位语1)You will have to do it yo

27、urself.2)He himself wrote the words and music of the songs.3)The child himself drew this picture.2、作宾语的同位语1)I will give the letter to your brother himself.2)Youd better ask Mary herself about it.3)You should ask the children themselves.知识点串讲同位语：一个名词(或其它形式)对另一个名词或代词进行修饰、限定或说明，这个名词（或其它形式）就是同位语。同位语与被它限

28、定的词的格式要一致，并常常紧挨在一起。用法1由两个或两个以上同一层次的语言单位组成的结构，其中前项与后项所指相同，句法功能也相同，后项是前项的同位语其中常用，连接。1）Mr. Smith,our new teacher,is very kind to us.我们的新老师史密斯先生对我们很好。Mr.Smith是主语our new teacher的同位语，指同一人。2）Yesterday I met Tom,a friend of my brothers.昨天我遇到了我弟弟的朋友汤姆。a friend of my brothers是受词Tom的同位语，指同一人。用法2同位语与其同位成分关系紧密时不

29、用逗点隔开；同位语对其同位成分只作补充解释时可用逗点隔开。1）He told me that his brother John was a world-famous doctor.他本人对我讲，他的兄长约翰是一位世界闻名的医生。（brother和John都是单一的字作同位语，与其同位成分之间不用逗点隔开。）2）Yesterday I talked to my English teacher,Mr. James.昨天我与我的英语老师詹姆斯先生谈过了。（同位语Mr. James补充解释my English teacher，同位语与其同位成分之间可用逗点隔开。）用法3同位语除了表示其同位成分的全部意

30、义外，还可以表示部分意义。1）We Chinese people are brave and hardworking.我们中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。Chinese people是we的同位语。2）He is interested in sports,especially ball games.他喜欢运动，特别是球类运动。ball games是sports的同位语。1.The man is rich , he can buy _ a lot of things . A. he B. his C. himself2. - What a lovely card ! Where did you buy i

31、t? - I made it by _. A. me B. myself C. itself3. “Help _ to some chicken ,”my mother said to the guests. A. yourself B. yourselves C. your英系部落格英系部落格英系部落格英系部落格1.The man is rich , he can buy _ a lot of things . A. he B. his C. himself2. - What a lovely card ! Where did you buy it? - I made it by _. A.

32、 me B. myself C. itself3. “Help _ to some chicken ,”my mother said to the guests. A. yourself B. yourselves C. your英系部落格英系部落格英系部落格英系部落格4）指示代词表示这个、那个、这些、那些以及it、such、same等词叫做指示代词。指示代词在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语。1、That is a red car.那是一辆红色汽车。2、What do you like? I like this.你喜欢什么? 我喜欢这个。3、I should say I know that.我应

33、该说我知道这件事情。指示代词this/ that/ these/ those在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语用法：this 和 these 表示在时间上或空间上较近的人或物。1、This is a book.这是一本书。2、These are cars.这些是汽车。3、I am busy these days.我这些日子很忙。that 和those 表示在时间上或空间上较远的人或物。1、That is not a room.那不是一间房间。2、Those are threes.那些是树。that 和those 还可以指前文中的事物，this 和 these 指下文中将要讲到的事物。他们起一种承

34、上或启下的作用。I got up late，thats why I missed the bus.我起床迟了，这就是为什么我没赶上汽车。说明：指示代词用作主语和定语时，可指人或物；用作宾语和表语时，只指物。如This is my father. this 在句中作作主语，可以指人。但是在Do you know this? 中，this作宾语，此句只能理解为“你知道这个情况吗？”不能理解为“你认识这个人吗？”this与that用法比较1、用来回指上文提到的事情时，可用this 或 that，但是若要指下文叙述的事情，通常要用 this。a. She married Jim, and this t

35、hat surprised me.b. I want to know this: Is he healthy? 我想知道这一点：他是否很健康。2、在打电话时，通常用 this 指自己，用 that 指对方。Hello. This is Jim. Is that John? 喂,我是吉姆,你是约翰吗？表替代的that 与 those有时为了避免重复，可用 that 和 those 代替前面提到的名词。a. The population of China is much larger than that of Japan. 中国人口比日本人口多得多。(that = the population)b

36、. His views are close to those of the Socialist Party. 他的观点接近社会党的观点。(those = the views)That和those可作定语从句的先行词，但this和 these不能，同时，在作先行词时，只有those可指人。a. He admired that which looked beautiful. 他赞赏外表漂亮的东西。b. He admired those who looked beautiful. 他赞赏那些外表漂亮的人。（those指人）c. He admired those which looked beauti

37、ful. 他赞赏那些外表漂亮的东西。（those指物） The population of Shanghai is larger than _ of Jinan. A. that B. this C. it The radios made in Beijing are as good as _ made in Qingdao. A. that B. these C. those What I want to tell you is _the film will be at eight. A. it B. this C. that英系部落格英系部落格英系部落格英系部落格 The populati

38、on of Shanghai is larger than _ of Jinan. A. that B. this C. it The radios made in Beijing are as good as _ made in Qingdao. A. that B. these C. those What I want to tell you is _the film will be at eight. A. it B. this C. that英系部落格英系部落格英系部落格英系部落格辨析：one, it, thatit常用来特指上下文提到的同一事物，用来指可数名词或者不可数名词。one泛

39、指上下文提及的同类事物中的一份子，用于代替可数名词。that常用在比较等级中，代表前面提到的名词，以避免重复。The book is mine. It is very interesting.I have some apples. You can have one.The weather of Dalian is much humid than that of Lanzhou.one 同类不同件同类不同件it 同类同件同类同件 The box is in the middle of the room. Move _ away. A. it B. one C. / I have lost my

40、pen. I have to buy _. A. one B. it C. / How nice your bag is! I want to buy _. A. it B. one C. /英系部落格英系部落格英系部落格英系部落格 The box is in the middle of the room. Move _ away. A. it B. one C. / I have lost my pen. I have to buy _. A. one B. it C. / How nice your bag is! I want to buy _. A. it B. one C. /英系部

41、落格英系部落格英系部落格英系部落格5）疑问代词表示“谁(who)、谁(whom)、谁的(whose)、什么(what)、哪个或哪些(which)”等词叫疑问代词。用法：疑问代词用于特殊疑问句中，疑问代词一般放在句子的最前面，在句中可用作主语、宾语、表语、定语。疑问代词疑问代词指人指人 who(主格主格,主语）主语）whom（宾宾格格，宾语），宾语）whose（所有所有格格，定语），定语）which （主语，（主语，宾语，选择的宾语，选择的对象是有范围对象是有范围限制的）限制的）指物指物what(主语、宾语和表语，主语、宾语和表语，指人时问指人时问职业职业)who，whom都表示“谁”，作主语时

42、用who，作宾语时用whom。Who在特殊疑问句中可以替换whom，但当疑问词作介词宾语时，且介词又置于句首时，只能用whom。1、With whom did you talk just now?你刚刚和谁讲话？2、Who (whom) are you waiting for?你在等谁？what意为“什么”，而which意为“哪一个”。前者问得宽泛，后者问得具体，有明显限定性的选择范围。1、What did he say? 他说什么？2、Which do you like better, apple or banana? 你更喜欢哪一种，是苹果还是香蕉？which, what在特殊疑问句作定语

43、时，后面必须紧跟一个名词。What class are you in?1、Who is here just now?刚才谁来这儿？2、Whom are you looking for?你在找谁？3、Whose exercise-book is this?这是谁的练习本？4、What is this?这是什么？5、Which one do you like,this one or that one?你喜欢哪一个，这个还是那个？which指人或事物，可以作主语和宾语。which选择的对象是有范围限制的，回答通常为一个。而who选择的对象是没有范围限制的，回答可指一人，也可指几个人。1、A: Whi

44、ch country are you from? 你来自哪个国家？ B: I am from china. 我来自中国。2、A: Who will come to meet her? 谁将去接她？ B: Li Xin and Mary. 李欣和玛丽。who只能指人，用于询问别人的身份等，可以作主语和表语。what可以作主语、宾语和表语，一般指事物，有时也可以指人，用于询问别人的职业。1、A: Who is the girl in red? 那个穿红衣服的女孩是谁？ B: She is My friend. 她是我的朋友。2、A: What is your father? 你父亲是干什么的？ B

45、: He is a teacher. 他是个教师。whose是who的所有格，通常用作定语。whom是who的宾格，用作动词或介词的宾语。1、Whose house is far from school? 谁的家离学校远？2、Who(m) did you lend that magazine to? = To whom did you lend this magazine?你把那本杂志借给谁了？疑问代词还可以引导一个间接疑问句,也就是一个从句。疑问代词在句中可用作从句的主语、宾语、表语等成分。1、What we should do is still unknown.我们该干什么仍然还不知道。2

46、、I know whom he is looking for.我知道他在找谁。英系部落格英系部落格6）连接代词疑问代词在引起从句时，都称为连接代词，包括 who/whom/what/where/when/why/how, 它们可以引起：a. 主语从句：1、It hasnt been announced who won the prizes.2、It is clear enough what she meant.b. 宾语从句：1、I dont care what they think.2、Ask her which he wants.c. 表语从句：1、The question is who

47、(whom) we should trust.2、What I want to know is which road we should take.英系部落格英系部落格连接代词还可以引起不定式，都用作宾语或介词宾语：1、Tell him what to do.2、Lucy cant decide which to choose.3、They exchanged views on the question of whom to elect.由 ever 构成的连接代词Who, what, which 都可和 ever 构成连接代词（也被称作连词），多引起状语从句。表示“不管.”例：1、Ill f

48、ind the person who did this, whoever he is.2、Whatever happens, Im going.3、Whichever road you take , the drive wont be more than an hour.英系部落格英系部落格英系部落格英系部落格这类代词还可以表示“任何.的人（或物）”，在句中可用作：a.主语1、Whoever is responsible will have to pay for the damage.2、Whichever you want is yours.任何东西你想要就归你。b.宾语1、I just s

49、ay whatever comes into my head.我想说什么就说什么。2、Take whichever seat you like.c.介词宾语1、I want to speak to whoever is in charge.2、She might live in whichever room she liked.她愿意住哪个房间都可以。注意：whenever, wherever, however 是连接词，但不是代词。7）关系代词关系代词是一种引导从句起连接主句和从句的代词。关系代词有 who、whose、whom、that、which.它们在句中可用作主语、表语、宾语、定语。

50、在主句中，它们还代表着从句所修饰的那个名词或代词。1、This is the student whose name is Wang Hua.这就是名叫王华的学生。2、I know what he is coming to get.我知道他来要拿什么东西。3、A plane is a machine which can fly.飞机是一种能飞的机器。用法：指代指代所做成分所做成分是否可省略是否可省略that人；物主语；宾语作宾语可省略which物主语；宾语作宾语可省略who人主语；宾语作宾语可省略whom人宾语可省略whose人；物定语不可省略8）不定代词没有明确指定代替任何特定名词或形容词的词

51、叫做不定代词，常用的不定代词如下：all、any、another、both、each、every、either、every、few、little、many、much、no、none、neither、one、other、some以及由 some、any、no、every 和 body、one、thing 构成的复合词。用法：不定代词代替名词或形容词。在句中可用作主语、宾语、表语和定语。1、Everybody should be here in time tomorrow.明天大家都要按时到。2、I know nothing about it.这件事情我一点都不知道。3、Thats all I k

52、now.这就是我知道的。4、I go to school everyday.我每天去学校上学。具体用法：some 一些、某些、某个、几个some 一般用于肯定句中。用于疑问句时表示建议、邀请、请求或希望得到肯定回答等。可修饰可数名词或不可数名词。1、There are a lot of flowers in the garden,some are white,which I like very much.花园里有许多花，一些是白色的,我特别喜欢。2、I am going to get some ink.我去弄点墨水。3、I have some work to do today.今天我有些事情要

53、做。4、They will go there some day.他们有朝一日会去那儿。5、Would you like some coffee with sugar?你要加糖的咖啡吗？6、Will you have some coffee,please?喝点咖啡吗？7、Will you give me some water?你能给我些水吗？8、May I ask some questions?我可以问问题吗？9、Could I have some apples?我可以吃苹果吗？any 一些、任何any 一般用于否定句或疑问句中，any 在句中作主语、宾语、定语。any 作定语时，它所修饰的名词

54、没有单复数限制，一般多用复数，可修饰可数或不可数名词。 any 用在肯定句中，表示“任何”1、Do you have any books?你有书吗？2、You can come any time.你什么时候都可以来。3、They didnt have any friends here.他们在这里没有朋友。4、Have you got any questions to ask?你有问题要问吗？5、Come here with any friend.随便带什么朋友来吧。no 无。在句中作定语，表示否定，语气要比 not any 强。1、She knows no English.她根本就不懂英语。2

55、、I have no bike.我就没有自行车。none 没有。表示三者或三者以上都不，后常跟介词of(谓语动词单、复数均可)。none能独立使用，在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语。意思是“没有一个人(或事物)”,表示单数或复数。none在句中代替不可数名词作定语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。none在句中代替可数名词作定语时，谓语动词要用复数形式。1、None of them are workers.他们没一个是工人。2、Its none of your business.这不碍你的事。3、None of them is/are in the classroom.他们当中没有一个在教室里。4、No

56、ne of us is/are afraid of dogs.我们当中没有一个害怕狗。5、I have many books, but none is interesting.我有很多书，但是没有一本有趣。all 全部，都。表示三者或三者以上，作同位语时，一般放在系动词、助动词之后，行为动词之前。1、We are all from Canada. 我们都来自加拿大。2、They all like English.他们都喜欢英语。all 和 both 用于否定时表示部分否定。1、All flowers in his garden are not red.他花园里的花并非都是红色的。2、Both

57、(of them) are not my brothers.他们两个之中，只有一个是我的兄弟。另外，表示部分否定的词还有every (everyone)。1、Every man can not be a poet.并非人人都可以成为诗人。2、Both of my parents are teachers. (改为否定句) _ of my parents _ a teacher.both 和 either 以及 neitherboth “（两者）都”,作主语时看作复数；作定语时后跟名词复数。 My parents are both teachers.= Both of my parents ar

58、e teachers.neither “(两者)都不”,含有否定意义，作主语时谓语用第三人称单数; 作定语时后跟名词单数。Neither answer is right.either “两者中任何一个”,作主语时谓语用第三人称单数; 作定语时后跟名词单数。 There are trees on either side of the street.= There are trees on both sides of the street.有关词组及应用both of/either of/neither of1、Both of them swim well.他们俩都游得很好。2、Either of

59、 you goes to Beijing.你们俩随便谁去北京都可以。3、Neither of them stopped to have a rest.他们俩谁都不停下来休息。英系部落格英系部落格英系部落格英系部落格 _ of the girls _ him. They asked him for name card. A. Neither; know B. Either; know C. Neither; knows Both of his parents _ teachers. A. is B. are C. was Both of his brothers _ in this hospit

60、al, but neither of them _ a doctor. A. works; is B. work; is C. work; are英系部落格英系部落格英系部落格英系部落格 _ of the girls _ him. They asked him for name card. A. Neither; know B. Either; know C. Neither; knows Both of his parents _ teachers. A. is B. are C. was Both of his brothers _ in this hospital, but neithe