专插本英语语法：定语从句

1、The Attributive ClauseWhich one is Harry Porter ?The boy is Harry Porter Which one is Harry Porter ?The boy _ is Harry Porter .who is wearing glasses定语从句定语从句一、概念一、概念:在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子. (在句子中作在句子中作定语定语) (Attributive clause)Harry Porter is a smart boy.Harry Porter is a boy who has magic p

2、ower.形容词作定语形容词作定语句子作定语句子作定语,修饰修饰boy, 叫做叫做定语从句定语从句Harry Porter is a boy who has magic power.先行词先行词 关系词关系词定语从句定语从句关系关系代词代词关系关系副词副词which, who, whom, whose, thatwhere, when，why二、用法二、用法: :These are the trees which / that were planted last year.先先行行词词是是人人关系代词关系代词: who whom whose that which先行词是先行词是物物These

3、are the students who / that won the first place last year.引导定语从句的关系代词引导定语从句的关系代词指出关系代词（副词）在定语从句中的成份：指出关系代词（副词）在定语从句中的成份：1.The man 1.The man whowho came to our school is Mr. Wang. came to our school is Mr. Wang. ( ) ( )2.The girl 2.The girl (whom)(whom) I met is Lucy. ( ) I met is Lucy. ( )3.A child

4、3.A child whosewhose parents are dead is called Tom. parents are dead is called Tom. ( ) ( )4.I like the book 4.I like the book (which)(which) you bought yesterday. you bought yesterday. ( ) ( ) 主语宾语定语宾语1. who, whom, whose, that 用法区别用法区别. who 作定语从句的作定语从句的主语主语或或宾语宾语. The man who is speaking at the me

5、eting is a worker.The man is a worker.The man is speaking at the meeting.分解分解作主语作主语 whom 作定语从句的作定语从句的宾语宾语 The woman whom they wanted to visit is a teacher.The woman is a teacher.They wanted to visit the woman.分解分解作宾语作宾语 that 可以作定语从句的可以作定语从句的主语主语和和宾语宾语. The woman (whom / that) they wanted to visit is

6、 a teacher.可省略可省略 The man who / that is speaking at the meeting is a worker. whose 作定语从句的作定语从句的定语定语 (whose既可以指人，也可以指物既可以指人，也可以指物). I know the girl whose mother is a teacher.分解分解I know the girl.The girls mother is a teacher.作定语作定语I have a book whose cover is yellow.2. which, that 的的用法用法which 作定语从句的作定

7、语从句的主语主语或或宾语宾语.I like the book (which / that) you bought yesterday.This is a truck which / that is made in China.作主语作主语作宾语作宾语可省略可省略3. 只能用只能用that的情况的情况 序数词序数词或或形容词最高级形容词最高级修饰先行词时修饰先行词时 Tom is the cleverest boy that I have ever known. This is the first play that I have seen since I came here.everythin

8、g, something, nothing, all, anything, little, much等等不定代词不定代词作先行作先行词时词时 Everything that we saw in this film was true. 先行词被先行词被every, some, no, all, any, little, much等修饰时。等修饰时。Ive read all the books that you lend me. 先行词被先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时。修饰时。This is the very book that belo

9、ngs to him. 主句已有主句已有who或或which时时Who is the girl that is standing under the tree?Which is the machine that we used last Sunday. 当先行词同时指当先行词同时指人人和和物物时时Ive never heard of the people and things that you talked about just now.4.关系代词前有介词时关系代词前有介词时 (介词提前介词提前) .指指人只用人只用whom, 指物只用指物只用whichThis is the boy wit

10、h whom he talked. This is the ring on which she spent 1000 dollars.主语主语宾语宾语定语定语指人指人whothatwhom（优先）（优先）whothatwhose（of whom）指物指物WhichthatWhichthatWhose(of which)指人和物指人和物thatthatwhose（一）引导定语从句的关系代词（一）引导定语从句的关系代词关系副词关系副词先行词先行词在从句中的成分在从句中的成分when时间时间时间时间状语状语where 地点地点地点地点状语状语why reason原因原因状语状语19when, whe

11、re, why（二）引导定语从句的关系副词（二）引导定语从句的关系副词1. This is the place where I was born.2. I remember the day when I first met him.3. Can you tell me the reason why you lied to me?关系副词关系副词When=on(in,during)whichwhere=on(in,in front of)whichWhy=for which（三）关系副词（三）关系副词与与介词介词+关系代词关系代词的替代的替代22when when可用可用in/on/at/dur

12、ing +which 代替代替1.I still remember the day.2.I first met him on the day.I still remember the day on which I first met him.whenwhich where可用in/on/at/to + which代替1.The dictionary is the only place.2. Success comes before work in the dictionary.The dictionary is the only place in which success comes bef

13、ore work.23where which.ABC1.America is the country.2.I was born in the country.24America is the country in which I was born.which. whereBBCBeijing is the city in which I was born. where=American born Chinese=Beijing born Chinese25why why可用可用for +which 代替代替1.This is the reason.2.I was late for school

14、 for this reason.This is the reason for which I was late for school. whywhich.26关系关系代词代词和关系和关系副词副词的区别的区别关系关系代词代词在定语从句中在定语从句中作主语、宾语作主语、宾语关系关系副词副词在定语从句中在定语从句中作状语作状语1.1.首先分清主句和定语从句首先分清主句和定语从句2.2.确定定语从句的先行词确定定语从句的先行词3.3.把先行词带回到定语从句中去，看其在定语从句把先行词带回到定语从句中去，看其在定语从句中做什么语法成分（主语，宾语，定语或状语）中做什么语法成分（主语，宾语，定语或状语）

15、4.4.若先行词在从句中做若先行词在从句中做主语、宾语或定语主语、宾语或定语则选择则选择关关系代词系代词，若在从句中做，若在从句中做状语状语，则选择，则选择关系副词关系副词。1、Do you know the man _ is talking with your father? A. whose B. who C. which2、The boys _ the teacher talked to are from Class One. A. when B. which C. who3、Those _ want to go to the museum must be at the school g

16、ate at 7 tomorrow morning. A. who B. which C. whom4. The gentleman _ you told me yesterday proved to be a thief. A. who B. about whom C. whom5. The doctor _ you are looking for is in the room. A. whom B. what C. which6. The teacher for _ you are waiting has come. A. who B. whom C. that由由Whom Whom 引导

17、的定语从句，在句中做宾引导的定语从句，在句中做宾语语介词提前时只能用介词提前时只能用 whom7. A child _ parents are dead is called an orphan. A. which B. his C. whose 8. This book is for the students _ native(本国的本国的) language is not English. A. that B. of whom C. whose 9. The boy _ composition won the first prize is the youngest in the group.

18、 A. who B. whose C. that由由Whose Whose 引导的定语从句引导的定语从句, , 在句中做定语在句中做定语10、He prefers to eat the rice _ in the south. A. who is grown B. which is grown C. when is grown11、 The knife _ I cut the apple with cant be found. A. which B. who C. what 12、The room in _ there are many books is mine. A. that B. wh

19、o C. which13、This is the pen _ he bought yesterday. A. which B. who C. when介词提前时只能用介词提前时只能用 whichthat14. All _ is needed is a supply of oil. A. which B. that C. what15. Finally, the thief handed everything _ he had stolen to the police. A. which B. what C. that先行词是不定代词先行词是不定代词 all, few, little, much

20、, something, nothing, anything只能用只能用that引导引导16. Its the most boring film _ I have ever seen. A. which B. that C. whose17. This is the first car _ arrived this morning. A. which B. who C. that 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时饰时只能用只能用that引导引导18. I know all people _ are from that village. A. who B. tha

21、t C. whose19. There is no water _ is needed badly. A. which B. who C. that20. Please take any seat _ is free. A. which B. that C. in which先行词被先行词被all, any, every, few, little, no, some 等修饰时等修饰时只能用只能用that引导引导21. That is the very book _ I was looking for. A. who B. that C. which22. After the fire in h

22、is house, the old car is the only thing _ he owns. A. who B. that C. which先行词被先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last 等修饰时等修饰时只能用只能用that引导引导23. The speaker spoke of some writers and some books _ were popular then. A. who B. that C. which先行词被既有人又有物时先行词被既有人又有物时只能用只能用that引导引导24. Who is the worker _ took some pictures of the factory. A. who B. that C. which主句已有主句已有who或或which时时,只能用只能用that 引导引导1. I have a friend _ likes listening to classical music.w