高中英语倒装句与强调句讲解

1、倒装句分为：倒装句分为：完全倒装完全倒装: 整个谓语移至主语前面叫完全倒装。整个谓语移至主语前面叫完全倒装。部分倒装部分倒装: 只把只把助动词、系动词或情态动词助动词、系动词或情态动词放在主语放在主语之前叫部分倒装。之前叫部分倒装。全部倒装常见的结构有：全部倒装常见的结构有：1) here, there, now, then, thus等副词置等副词置于句首时于句首时, 谓语动词常用谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run, stand。There goes the bell.Then came the chairman.Here is your letter.2) 表示运动方

2、向的副词或地点状语置于句表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首时，谓语通常是表示运动的动词。首时，谓语通常是表示运动的动词。Out rushed a missile from under the bomber.Ahead walked an old woman.注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是代词则不能完全倒须是名词，如果主语是代词则不能完全倒装。装。例如：例如：Here he comes. Away they went.部分倒装：部分倒装：1)句首为句首为否定意义否定意义的词或短语，如的词或短语，如no, not, never, se

3、ldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, on no condition, on no account, not until 等。等。如: Not onlybut also, Hardly / Scarcelywhen No sooner than 1.Never have I seen such a performance.2.Nowhere will you find the answer to this question.3.Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the r

4、oom. 4.Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender.5.Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her.6.No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her.2)so, neither, nor开头作部分倒装开头作部分倒装表示表示也也、也不也不 的句子要部分倒装。的句子要部分倒装。 Tom can speak French. So can Jack. If

5、 you wont go, neither will I. 典型例题典型例题1) - Why cant I smoke here? - At no time _ in the meeting-roomA. is smoking permitted B. smoking is permittedC. smoking is it permitted D. does smoking permitA2) Not until the early years of the 19th century _ what heat was. A. man did know B. man know C. didnt

6、man know D. did man knowD3)“only+状语状语”在句首要倒装在句首要倒装Only in this way, can you learn English well.Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting.如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装句不倒装Only when he is seriously ill, does he ever stay in bed.4)在在so+ (adj/adv)+(系动词、情态动词、助动系动词、情态动词、助动词词

7、)+主语主语+that 句型中句型中5）If 引导的虚拟句中引导的虚拟句中 省略省略if,把把were/had/should 提前提前6）形容词）形容词/名词名词/动词动词/副词副词+as +主语主语+谓语谓语1.At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River _, one of the ten largest cities in China. (2010 重庆卷重庆卷) A. lies Chongqing B. Chongqing lies C. does lie Chongqing D. does Chongq

8、ing lie2. We laugh at jokes, but seldom _ about how they work. (2010 四川卷四川卷) A. we think B. think we C. we do think D. do we think3. Never _ Lisa would arrive but she turned up at the last minute. (2010上海卷上海卷)A. did we thinkB. have we thoughtC. we thoughtD. we have thought4. John opened the door. Th

9、ere _ he had never seen before. (2010陕西卷陕西卷)A. a girl did standB. a girl stoodC. did a girl standD. stood a girl5. Not until he left his home _ to know how important the family was for him. (2010 江西卷江西卷)A. did he beginB. had he begunC. he beganD. he had begun 强调句型的结构为强调句型的结构为It is / was that / who ,

10、 用来强调除谓语以外的任何成份。用来强调除谓语以外的任何成份。被强调的部分放在被强调的部分放在is / was的后面。的后面。如果被强调的是人如果被强调的是人, 则后面用则后面用who或或that; 如果被强调的是物或其他情况如果被强调的是物或其他情况, 则用则用that。 如：如： 强调句强调句It was Jim who / that shot a bear yesterday. 强调主语强调主语 JimIt was a bear that Jim shot yesterday. 强调宾语强调宾语 a bearIt was yesterday that Jim shot a bear. 强

11、调时间状语强调时间状语 yesterday学习强调句型应该注意的几个问题：学习强调句型应该注意的几个问题：1.如果被强调部分是名词或代词的复数如果被强调部分是名词或代词的复数形式，系动词仍然用形式，系动词仍然用is或或was。如：。如： It was those children that I saw playing by the pond. 尽管强调的是尽管强调的是those children，是复数，是复数，仍然用仍然用was。 It was stupid students who/that dont ask questions. 尽管强调的是尽管强调的是stupid students，是

12、复数，是复数，仍然用仍然用is。2. 在强调主语时，在强调主语时，that/who后的谓语应与后的谓语应与 前面被强调的主语保持一致。如：前面被强调的主语保持一致。如： It is you who are wrong. are与与you保持一致保持一致 It is I who am wrong. am与与I 保持一致保持一致 It is Mr Wilson who/that is the chairman. is与与Mr Wilson 保持一致保持一致 3. 在强调在强调until引出的时间状语时引出的时间状语时, 其句型为其句型为: It is not until that , 一般多译成汉

13、一般多译成汉语的肯定句。如：语的肯定句。如： It was not until 1972 that we began studying English. 直到直到1972年我们才开始学习英语。年我们才开始学习英语。 It was not until yesterday that I noticed it. 我一直到昨天才注意到它。我一直到昨天才注意到它。 4. 该句型的一般疑问句形式该句型的一般疑问句形式: Is / Was it that ? 如：如：Is it Mr Wilson that is the chairman?Is it not until yesterday that you

14、 noticed it? 注意注意: 在强调在强调when, where, who, what等时等时, 须将这类特殊疑问词放在句首如：须将这类特殊疑问词放在句首如：When was it that the story took place? 5. 判断是否为强调句：如果将句中的判断是否为强调句：如果将句中的it is/was和和that/who去掉，看剩余的部分结构是否完整，句去掉，看剩余的部分结构是否完整，句意是否明了，如果是，则为强调句型。意是否明了，如果是，则为强调句型。1）It was Mary that has won the first place. 2）It is surpri

15、sing that Mary should have won the first place. 3） It was not until yesterday that I noticed it.4） It was those children that I saw playing by the pond.1. It was _ he came bank from Africa that wear _ he met the girl he would like to marry. (09 江西卷江西卷)A. when; thenB. not; untilC. not until; thatD. only; when2. - Ive read another book this week.- Well, maybe _ is not how much you read but what you read that counts.(09 浙江卷浙江卷)A. this B. thatC. there D. it3. It was announced that only when the fire was under control _ to return to their homes. A. the residents would