【学案】选修8unit2 Cloning 学案

1、 授课教案 老师签名学生签名教学主题选修8 unit2 Cloning本次作业课前小练：完形一：I decided to become a comet searcher on a bright clear morning 50 years ago in Montreal. It was a bit of an impromptu (即兴的）36 . I had a French test 37 and knew that the examiner, Mr. Hutchison, would ask me about my career plans. I had to come up with

2、something that was both credible and easily 38 into French.About six years earlier I truly had become 39 about the night sky, but to stand up and say, “Astronomie!” was not enough. Mr. Hutchison would want 40 . I recalleda comet that had recently been discovered from Japan-one that 41 became the bri

3、ghtest of the 20th century. Without a further thought, I decided that I was going to be a 42 for comets. Not coincidentally, the English and French words for a comet (une comte) sound very 43, so my new occupation was 44 to talk about in French.And 45 to the answer I gave Mr. Hutchison, I began sear

4、ching for cornels after graduation. Fortunately, working as a science journalist and giving lectures about the night sky have allowed me to 46 my cosmic passion and still pay the bills.Discovering my first cornet 47 almost 19 years. On that particular night, November 13, 1984. As I 48 the telescope

5、again and again, I slowly 49 that a fuzzy (模糊的）object was not staying in the same place but was creeping northward, as only a cornet 50.I telephoned an astronomer at Lowell Observatory Ariz., who 51 my find. I felt as though I could 52 right up to the sky I loved so much. Michael Rudenko discovered

6、the comet the next evening, and 53 the new object became known as Cornel Levy-Rudenko.In the following 50 years, I discovered 22 other new cornels. It is the joy of the search, 54 the discoveries, that 55 me going.36. A. planB. ideaC. decisionD. thought37. A. coming upB. coming upC. coming overD. co

7、ming down38. A. expressed B. putC. writtenD. spoken39.A. particular B. curiousC. passionateD. confident40. A. detailsB. contentsC. descriptionsD. contacts41.A. inevitablyB. invariablyC. unexpectedlyD. eventually42. A. reporter B. hunter C. researcherD. observer43. A. differentB. sameC. alikeD. pleas

8、ant44. A. hardB. mild C. casualD. easy45. A. trueB. closeC. open D. contrary46. A. arouseB. shareC. awakenD. pursue47. A. tookB. spentC. cost D. used48. A. looked intoB. looked thoughC. saw thoughD. saw to49. A. consentedB. realizedC. concludedD. recognized50. A. mightB. shouldC. would D. could51. A

9、. acceptedB. confirmedC. approvedD. opposed52. A. climbB. growC. flee D. float53. A. yetB. stillC. thus D. also54. A. more thanB. better thanC. other thanD. rather than55. A. dragsB. keepsC. leaves D. catches知识梳理：选修八 Unit 2 Cloningundertake, object, forbid, owe, bother, resist, pay off, in favour of

10、, be bound to do sth1. undertake (undertook, undertaken) vt. 着手；从事；承担undertake a task 承担任务undertake to do sth 同意、答应或着手做某事undertake that-clause 保证undertaking n. 任务；事业；企业eg: She undertook the organization of the whole scheme.He undertook to finish the job by Friday.I can undertake that you will enjoy

11、the trip.2. object vi. 不赞成；反对 n. 物体；目标object to (sb / sth) 反对（某人 / 某事）object to doing sth 反对做某事objection n. 反对；不赞成have / take / make an objection to (doing) sth 对表示反对raise an objection to sth 对提出异议objective adj. 真实的；客观的；无偏见的eg: We object to being treated like this.I objected that he was too young fo

12、r the position.My main objection to the plan is that it costs too much.注：object表示“反对”，为不及物动词，接宾语后需加介词to；oppose表示“反对”，为及物动词，接宾语后不需加介词to。be opposed to表示“反对；和相反”。3. forbid (forbade, forbidden) vt. 禁止；不准forbid sb to do sth 禁止某人做某事forbid doing sth 禁止做某事forbid that 禁止 (从句中常用should+动词原形)forbid sb sth 禁止某人某

13、事forbid sb from doing 禁止某人做Its forbidden to do sth 做某事是禁止的Forbidden City 紫禁城eg: The new law forbids smoking in offices.Their father forbade them to go.I forbid that you (should) enter the room.4. owe v. 欠（账、钱、人情等）；应该向付出；应该把归功于oweto 欠；把归功于；应感激owetofor 因欠owe sb sth (= owe sth to sb) 欠某人某物owing adj. 欠的

14、；未付的 owing to 因为；由于eg: He owes his success more to luck than to ability.He owes $50 to his friend.Owing to the rain, the match was cancelled.5. bother vt. 打扰 vi. 操心 n. 烦扰；令人烦恼的事或人bother sb with / about sth 为某事打扰或麻烦某人bother about / with sth 为某事烦恼bother to do / doing 操心做某事It bothers sb that / to do st

15、h 使某人苦恼的是辨析bother / disturb / trouble / annoy：这组词都表示“使人不得安宁”或“心烦意乱”。 bother指干扰别人的正常生活和工作而使之不太安宁，可能是故意的；含有使人讨厌的意味。 disturb指使人失去正常秩序而一时得不到安宁，精力不能集中，语气比bother弱。 trouble常指在心情上失去平静而感到忧虑、苦恼或行动上带来不便，也常用于礼貌的请求。 annoy通常指重复性的行为使（别人）生气。常用被动，表示为某事烦恼、生气。eg: I dont want to bother you with my problems.Whats troubl

16、ing youmoney problems?These flies are annoying me.6. resist vt. 抵抗；忍住(多与cannot，couldnt连用)be hard / impossible to resist 难以拒绝resist sb / sth 抵抗 / 抵制某人 / 某物cant / couldnt resist doing sth 禁不住干某事resist doing sth 抵制干某事resistant adj. 抵抗的；有抵抗力的be resistant to 对有抵抗力的 resistance n. 拒绝；反对eg: He is in good he

17、althhe is able to resist diseases.I couldnt resist having a look at her diary.There has been a lot of resistance to this new law.7. pay off 得到好结果；取得成功；偿清pay sth off 全部偿还；偿清（债务）pay sb for sth = pay sth to sb for sth 付钱给某人作为的费用pay for sth 为某事吃苦头或受惩罚pay back 还钱；报复pay a price for 为所得付出代价最后，他的努力得到了回报 At

18、last, his hard work paid off. 你的计划成功了吗？Did your plan pay off? After ten years of hard working she finally paid off her debt.Our efforts are sure to pay off .Have you paid the milkman this week?I will pay you back next week.eg: They took a hell of a risk but it paid off.Can you lend me $10? Ill pay y

19、ou back on Friday.Ill make her pay for ruining my chances!8. in favour of 赞成；支持be in / out of favour (with sb) = be in / out of sbs favour 得到 / 失去某人的尊重、赞同等in sbs favour 对某人有利in favour 赞同的；流行的；得宠的out of favour 失宠的；不流行的 do sb a favour = do a favour for sb 帮某人忙owe sb a favour 欠某人情favour sb with sth 为某人

20、做某事eg: Could you do me a favour and turn off the light?Could you do me the favour to pick up Sam from school today?Shes not in favour with the media just now.9. be bound to do sth 一定做某事；有责任或义务做某事be bound up in sth 忙于某事；热衷于某事物be bound up with sth 与某事物关系密切be bound for 去；准备去eg: Youve done so much work

21、that youre bound to pass the exam.I feel bound to tell you that youre drinking too much!We are bound for home.10. Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill.此句中的that引导的从句为同位语从句，that仅其连接作用，无意义。 常见的后接同位语从句的抽象名词有：fact, news, hope, truth, idea, suggestion, thought, question, order

22、, problem, belief, fear等。 同位语从句常用that引导，也可由连接代词who, what, whose, which，连接副词 how, when, where, why或连词 whether来引导。eg: He had no idea when she would come back.The thought that Lao Li would open a restaurant in New York surprised his wife.He got a message from Mr Johnson that the manager could not see h

23、im that afternoon.11. The great drawback to cloning a group of animals is that they would all have the same arrangement of genes and so might die of the same illness.本句中that引导的从句为表语从句，that仅起连接作用，在从句中不充当任何成分，表语从句主要有以下两种类型： be + 从句 be 以外的系动词(seem / look / appear / sound / taste / feel / remain等) + 从句e

24、g: The problem is how we can find him.It looks as if it is going to rain.It sounds as if you are from Canada.练习：1. The new laboratories will be constructed this year, and local firms have been asked to the work. A. assign B. manufacture C. provide D. undertake2. I enjoyed school. But I did to having

25、 to go to school every day once weve done all our exams. A. object B. oppose C. turn D. help3. 禁止践踏草地。 4. 孩子们不允许在河里游泳。 5. 她的快速痊愈也许归功于丈夫的精心照料。 She probably her husbands devoted care.6. 由于缺乏资金，该项目将中止。 , the project will not continue.7. Im sorry to have you with so many questions on such an occasion. A

26、. asked B. offended C. impressed D. bothered8. Since many insects have already become to DDT, scientists have to look for some new insecticide. A. active B. resistant C. preferred D. tough9. Our troops recaptured the city, but they a heavy price for it. A. raised B. lifted C. paid D. increased10. Ma

27、ny young people left their hometown for big cities better jobs. A. in favour of B. in search of C. in charge of D. in honour of11. He who keeps doing evil is to come to ruin. A. bound B. easy C. likely D. accidental12. He must answer the question （他是否同意）.13. （有消息传来说）a woman in the capital died of th

28、e H5N1 virus.14. The reason why he didnt come to the party is because he was ill.（改错）15. I cant understand is there are more and more junk-emails on the Internet. A. What; why B. That; what C. What; because D. Why; that 【补充词汇】单词1. differ :vi 不同，相异；意见不合differ from : 与不同differ in : 在方面不同differ with sb

29、 on/about sth :与某人在某事上意见不同be different from :不同于be different in : 在不同make a/no difference （to）: 有/无关系（影响、作用） 中文与英文在许多方面不同。 Chinese differs from English in many different aspects. The husband differs with his wife on who is to take charge of the money. It makes no difference to me 与我无关 whether you ar

30、e going to stay.3 obtain : v. 获得;赢得 他没有获得奖学金. He failed to obtain a scholarship. obtain/acquire/gain/earn/achieve/getObtain :“获得，买到”。指通过努力或请求而得到，含有满足要求 或得达到目的的意味，用于正式语体中。Acquire :“经过努力逐步获得才能、知识、习惯等，也可用于表示 对财物等的获得”，强调“一经获得就会长期持有”的含义。Gain :“通过较大努力获得某种利益或好处；亦可指军事上的武力夺取等”。Earn:“挣得，赢得”，指因工作等而得到报酬或待遇。Achi

31、eve:“得到；获得”，多指成就、目标、幸福的取得Get :是最普遍,使用范围最广的词,可指以任何方式得到某物,也不一定要经过努力. 我终于设法弄到了这个报告的副本 I finally managed to obtain a copy of the report.我们应该努力养成好习惯。 We should try to acquire good habits.他发现赚点额外收入很容易。 He found it easy to earn extra money然而，只有共同奋斗才能实现目标 But we can only achieve our goals together上星期天你收到我的电

32、报了吗 ? Did you get my telegram last Sunday ?4. altogether : adv 完全地 (用于否定句中表部分否定) 他对自己的新房子不尽满意。 He was not altogether pleased with is new house . 全部，合计 (in total) I spent 100 altogether on the present.总之 Altogether，the meeting was a success.5 strike : v 打，击；突然想到；罢工；(钟)敲/鸣；划(火柴)； (灾难，疾病)侵袭，爆发； It stri

33、kes sb 某人突然想到(sth strikes sb) Be/go on strike :罢工 Strike into ones heart :使刻骨铭心当我路过的时候，钟敲12点。 When I was passing by, I heard the clock striking 12.我突然想起我没关煤气。 It struck me that I did not turn off the gas.趁热打铁。 Strike while the iron is hot.非典袭击了那个地区。 SARS struck the area. 词组 1 cast down :使沮丧；使不愉快 Cas

34、t out：驱逐；赶走 Cast off ：抛弃；摆脱掉He was cast down for several days after he heard the bad news. You really must cast off all these bad habits.2 in vain 白费力气，枉费心机我们的所有努力都付诸东流了。All our efforts were in vain.3 in good/poor condition 情况/状况很好/很坏此船的现状不适宜远航The ship is in poor condition to make a long voyage.In c

35、ondition 健康状况良好Out of condition 健康状况不佳Incondition 处于状况On condition that 在条件下，如果On this/that condition 在这个/那个条件下On/under no condition 无论如何都不，决不they agreed to lend us the car on condition that (条件是)we returned it before the weekend .(condition) 我们绝不在公共场所抽烟On no condition shall we smoke in public place

36、s.4 have a(n)impact on 对有影响本拉登的死对美国有影响。The death of Bin Landen has an impact on America.影响表示法：Affect sb/sth :影响Have/exert a(n)influence on 对有影响Have a(n)effecton 对有影响Have/make a(n)impact on 对有影响5 open sbs eyes to sth 使某人看清或意识到某事；使某人长见识或开眼界 旅游真的使人开阔眼界 Travelling really opens your eyes. 句子1 cloning pla

37、nts is straightforward while cloning animals is very complicated.克隆植物简单，但克隆动物非常复杂。While在句中作并列连词，作“然而”解，连接并列分句，表示前后意义上的对比。注意，此时while放在第一分句或第二分句前均可。While作连词的用法作并列连词，意为“而，却”，表对比作从属连词，引导时间状语从句，从句谓语是延续性动词作从属连词，引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管”eg i admit his good points，i can see his bad ones.A Because B If C Once D While

38、some people come here for a short break, others have decided to stay forever.A Because B If C Once D While Mary made coffee her guests were finishing their meal.A so what B although C while D as if2 Altogether Dolly lived six and half years, half the length of the life of the original sheep.多莉总共活了六年

39、半其原型羊寿命的一半。本句中half the length of 是表达倍数比较的具体形式：倍数+the+名词(表示量度)+of。This type of car use three times more petrol than that type does.(比那种车子油耗多了3倍)（than）The number of students in our school is than A three times bigger；that B three times larger； that C three times large；those D three times bigger；oneSta

40、ying in a hotel costs renting a room in a dormitory for a week.A twice more than B twice as much as C twice as many are D more than twice as much 3 This is because the cloning of mammal is still a new science and its story only began seriously in 1950s as this list shows:这是因为克隆哺乳动物还是一门新的科学句中and连接两个并

41、列分句。第一个分句中because引导表语从句，第二个分句中as引导定语从句。() This/That is because 这是因为(because从句说明原因) This/That is why这就是为什么(why从句说明结果) He was ill. Thiss why he was sent to the hospital.(这就是为什么他被送到医院) He was late again. Thats because he was caught in a heavy traffic jam.(那是因为他被困在严重额交通阻塞中) 课后作业：Unit 2 Cloning一、请根据各句上下文

42、的意义，选择正确的单词填入空白处。第一组：clone, arbitrary, moral, merely, resist, decoration, assumption, commercial, differ, straightforward, regulation, disturbing, media1 It is impossible to make _ about how people feel about the new law.2 It is very _ to think that a fierce tiger that escaped from a zoo wandered ab

43、out.3 Dolly, the _ sheep, lived for only six years.4 All the new employees are asked to learn about the rules and _ of the company and they must obey them.5 Never draw an _ conclusion before you think carefully.6 American English _slightly from British English in vocabulary, spelling and pronunciati

44、on.7 The bank strongly _ cutting down interest rates.8 The _ covered Hu Jintaos visit to Hong Kong in honor of the 10th anniversary celebrations since its return to China.9 Huaqiangbei and Dongmen are both the _ heart of Shenzhen City.10 He is _ a boy of five, but he can speak very good English.11 T

45、hat some evil leaders hoped to clone themselves raised some _ questions among the world.12 I like to make friends with those _ people. I hate those who are dishonest.13 Christmas is drawing near. Lets go and buy some _ to make our house and Christmas tree more beautiful.第二组：breakthrough, obtain, arg

46、ument, forbid, reasonable, ceiling, accumulate, undertake, zebra, bother, retire, procedure 14 Xiao Lin likes to spend all his time playing online computer games at a net bar. Now his mother _ him to go to visit any net bar.15 Your application must go through a few _ before it is finally approved.16

47、 We had an _ with the waiter about the bill because we thought he overcharged us.17 He was fortunate to have _ a big fortune by investing wisely in the stock market.18 Professor Wang works very hard, for he both teaches and _ research.19 His explanation was not _, so all of us didnt accept it.20 The

48、 electric fan is hanging from the _ of the room.21 After years of hard work the five doctors achieved a _ in cancer treatment.22 My father is currently 59 years old and will _ from work next year.23 By reading this book I am sure that you will _ a lot of information about Britain.24 Sorry to _ you,

49、but there is a call for you on line two.25 A _ is an African wild animal like a horse with black and white lines on its body. 二、把下列短语填入每个句子的空白处（注意所填短语的形式变化）：-be cast down object to in favour of be bound to (do) from time to time bring back to life pay off- 1 During my stay in Japan my sister visited

50、 me _.2 I _ to know that she failed in the final exam.3 All your efforts will _. Just keep it up!4 All those present at the meeting _ the plan.5 He has made full preparations for the exam. He _ succeed.6 Are there anyone _ human cloning?7 I think some day dinosaurs may be _ through cloning.【课后作业】专题过

51、关：C I am peter Hodes ,a volunteer stem courier. Since March 2012, Ive done 89 trips of those , 51 have been abroad, I have 42 hours to carry stem cells（干细胞）in my little box because Ive got two ice packs and thats how long they last, in all, from the time the stem cells are harvested from a donor(捐献者

52、) to the time they can be implanted in the patient, weve got 72 hours at most, So I am always conscious of time. I had one trip last year where I was caught by a hurricane in America. I picked up the stem cells in Providence, Rhode Island, and was meant to fly to Washington then back to London. But when I arrived at the check-in desk at Providence, the lady on the desk said:”Well, Im really sorry, Ive got some bad news for you-there are no fights from Washington.”