农副产品冷冻物流中心项目2

1、englishman, william low. he suggested that a double railway tunnel should be built. this would solve the problem of ventilation, for if a train entered this tunnel, it would draw in fresh air behind it. forty-two years later a tunnel was actually begun. if, at the time, the british had not feared in

2、vasion, it would have been completed. recently, there has again been great interest in the idea of a channel tunnel. if it is built, it will connect britain to europe for the first time in history.lesson65 jumbo versus the police 小象对警察last christmas, the circus owner, jimmy gates, decided to take so

3、me presents to a childrens hospital. dressed up as father christmas and accompanied by a guard of honour of six pretty girls, he set off down the main street of the city riding a baby elephant called jumbo. he, should have known that the police would never allow this sort of thing. a policeman appro

4、ached jimmy and told him he ought to have gone along a side-street as jumbo was holding up the traffic. though jimmy agreed to go at once, jumbo refused to move. fifteen policemen had to push very hard to get him off the main street. the police had a difficult time, but they were most amused. jumbo

5、must weigh a few tons, said a policeman afterwards, so it was fortunate that we didnt have to carry him. of course, we should arrest him, but as he has a good record, we shall let him off this time.lesson66 sweet as honey! 像蜜一样甜！the hatheld puffin is a modern aero-plane, but its designer, mr john wi

6、mpenny, is finding it difficult to get it off the ground. the reason for this is that this plane is also a bicycle. its pilot has to pedal hard to get it into the air. after mr wimpenny had the plane built, it was tested thoroughly. in 1961, it was the first man-powered aircraft to fly half a mile.

7、while being flown by a champion amateur cyclist in 1963, the plane crashed on an airfield. since then, mr wimpenny has had it rebuilt. he has had the length of the wings increased so that they now measure 93 feet-almost as long as those of a dakota. many people have shown interest in this new and un

8、usual sport. but though air cyclists may learn how to fly over short distances, and may, eventually, even get across the english channel, it is doubtful whether they will ever cycle across the atlantic.lesson67 volcanoes 火山haroun tazieff the polish scientist, has spent his life-time studying active

9、volcanoes and deep caves in all parts of the world. in 1948, he went to lake kivu in the congo to observe a new volcano which he later named kituro. tazieff was able to set up his camp very close to the volcano while it was erupting violently. though he managed to take a number of brilliant photogra

10、phs, he could not stay near the volcano for very long. he noticed that a river of liquid rock was coming towards him. it threatened to surround him completely, but tazieff managed to escape just in time. he waited until the volcano became quiet and he was able to return two days later. this time, he

11、 managed to climb into the mouth of kituro so that he could take photographs and measure temperatures. tazieff has often risked his life in this way. he has been able to tell us more about active volcanoes than any man alive. lesson68 persistent 纠缠不休i crossed the street to avoid meeting him, but he

12、saw me and came running towards me. it was no use pretending that i had not seen him, so i waved to him. i never enjoy meeting bert dykes. he never has anything to do. no matter how busy you are, he always insists on coming with you. i had to think of a way of preventing him from following me around

13、 all morning.hullo, bert, i said. fancy meeting you here !hullo, elizabeth, bert answered. i was just wondering how to spend the morning-until i saw you. youre not busy doing anything, are you ? no, not at all, i answered. im going to. .would you mind my coming with you ? he asked, before i had fini

14、shed speaking. not at all, i lied, but im going to the dentist. then ill come with you, he answered. theres always plenty to read in the waiting room !lesson69 but not murder! 并非谋杀！i was being tested for a driving licence for the third time. i had been asked to drive in heavy traffic and had done so

15、 successfully. after having been instructed to drive out of town, i began to acquire confidence. sure that i had passed, i was almost beginning to enjoy my test. the examiner must have been pleased with my performance, for he smiled and said, just one more thing, mr eames. let us suppose that a chil

16、d suddenly crosses the road in front of you. as soon as i tap on the window, i want the car to be stopped immediately. i continued driving and after some time, the examiner tapped loudly. though the sound could be heard clearly, it took me a long time to react. i suddenly pressed the brake pedal har

17、d and we were both thrown forward. the examiner looked at me sadly. mr eames, he said, in a mournful voice, you have just killed that child ! lesson70 red for danger 危险的红色during a bullfight, a drunk suddenly wandered into the middle of the ring. the crowd began to shout, but the drunk was unaware of

18、 the danger. the bull was busy with the matador at the time, but it suddenly caught sight of the drunk who was shouting rude remarks and waving a red cap. apparently sensitive to criticism, the bull forgot all about the matador and charged at the drunk. the crowd suddenly grew quiet. the drunk, howe

19、ver, seemed quite sure of himself. when the bull got close to him, he clumsily stepped aside to let it pass. the crowd broke into cheers and the drunk bowed. by this time, however, three men had come into the ring and they quickly dragged the drunk to safety. even the bull seemed to feel sorry for h

20、im, for it looked on sympathetically until the drunk was out of the way before once more turning its attention to the matador.lesson71 a famous clock 一个著名的大钟when you visit london, one of the first things you will see is big ben, the famous clock which can be heard all over the world on the b.b.c. if

21、 the houses of parliament had hot been burned down in 1834, the great clock would never have been erected. big ben takes its name from sir benjamin hall who was responsible for the making of the clock when the new houses of parliament were being built. it is not only of immense size, but is extremel

22、y accurate as well. officials from greenwich observatory have the clock checked twice a day. on the b.b.c. you can hear the clock when it is actually striking because microphones are connected to the clock tower. big ben has rarely gone wrong. once, however, it failed to give the correct time. a pai

23、nter who had been working on the tower hung a pot of paint on one of the hands and slowed it down ! lesson72 a car called bluebird “蓝鸟”汽车the great racing driver, sir malcolm campbell, was the first man to drive at over 300 miles per hour. he set up a new world record in september 1935 at bonneville

24、salt flats, utah. bluebird, the car he was driving, had been specially built for him. it was over 30 feet in length and had a 2500 horse-power engine. although campbell reached a speed of over 304 miles per hour, he had great difficulty in controlling the car because a tyre burst during the first ru

25、n. after his attempt, campbell was disappointed to learn that his average speed had been 299 miles per hour. however, a few days later, he was told that a mistake had been made. his average speed had been 301 miles per hour. since that time, racing drivers have reached speeds of over 400 miles an ho

26、ur. following his fathers footsteps many years later, sir malcolms son, donald, also set up a world record. like his father, he was driving a car called bluebird.lesson73 the record-holder 纪录保持者little boys who play truant from school are unimaginative. a quiet days fishing, or eight hours in a cinem

27、a seeing the same film over and over again, is usually as far as they get. they have all been put to shame by a boy who, while playing truant, travelled 1600 miles. he hitch- hiked to dover and, towards evening, went into a boat to find somewhere to sleep. when he woke up next morning, he discovered

28、 that the boat had, in the meantime, travelled to calais. no one noticed the boy as he crept off. from there, he hitch-hiked to paris in a lorry. the driver gave him a few biscuits and a cup of coffee and left him just outside the city. the next car the boy stopped did not take him into the centre o

29、f paris as he hoped it would, but to perpignan on the french-spanish border. there he was picked up by a policeman and sent back to england by the local authorities. he has surely set up a record for the thousands of boys who dream of evading school.lesson74 out of the limelight 舞台之外an ancient bus s

30、topped by a dry river bed and a party of famous actors and actresses got off. dressed in dark glasses and old clothes, they had taken special precautions so that no one should recognize them. but as they soon discovered, disguises can sometimes be too perfect.this is a wonderful place for a picnic,

31、said gloria gleam. it couldnt be better, gloria, brinksley meers agreed. no newspaper men, no film fans! why dont we come more often ? meanwhile, two other actors, rockwall slinger and merlin greeves, had carried two large food baskets to a shady spot under some trees. when they had all made themsel

32、ves comfortable, a stranger appeared. he looked very angry. now you gut out of here, all of you! he shouted: im sheriff here. do you see that notice ? it says no camping-in case you cant read ! look, sheriff, said rockwall, dont be too hard on us. im rockwall slinger and this is merlin greeves. oh,

33、is it ? said the sheriff with a sneer. well, im brinksley meers, and my other name is gloria gleam. now you get out of here fast !lesson75 sos 呼救信号when a light passenger plane flew off course some time ago, it crashed in the mountains and its pilot was killed. the only passengers, a young woman and

34、her two baby daughters, were unhurt. it was the middle of winter. snow lay thick on the ground. the woman knew that the nearest village was miles away. when it grew dark. she turned a suitcase into a bed and put the children inside it, covering them with all the clothes she could find. during the ni

35、ght, it got terribly cold. the woman kept as near as she could to the children and even tried to get into the case herself, but it was too small. early ,next morning she heard planes passing overhead and wondered how she could send a signal. then she had an idea. she stamped out the letters sos in t

36、he snow. fortunately, a pilot saw the signal and sent a message by radio to the nearest town. it was not long before a helicopter arrived on the scene to rescue the survivors of the plane crash.lesson76 april fools day 愚人节to end our special news bulletin, said the voice of the television announcer,

37、we are taking you to the macaroni fields of calabria. macaroni has been grown in this area for over six hundred years. two of the leading growers, giuseppe moldova and ricardo brabante, tell me that they have been expecting a splendid crop this year and harvesting has begun earlier than usual. here

38、you can see two workers who, between them,农副产品冷冻物流中心项目可行性研究报告福建省水手食品有限公司二一一年十月目 录一、项目总论 1、项目概括2、环境评价二、企业基本概况三、项目建设的背景及必要性1、项目建设的背景2、项目建设的必要性3、项目建设的可行性4、可行性研究依据四、项目市场预测五、项目厂址选择六、项目的具体方案设计1、项目建设规模和内容2、项目的目标和任务七、项目工程技术方案八、环境保护、安全1、环境保护2、生产劳动安全 九、项目总投资估算与资金来源1、投资估算2、资金筹措十、项目建设进度十一、项目综合效益评价 1、财务分析的依据、成本费

39、用估算3、盈利能力分析4、不确定分析十二、结论一、项目总论、项目概括（1）项目名称：涵江区农副产品冷冻物流中心建设项目（2）项目建设单位：（3）项目负责人：（4）项目地址：福建省莆田市涵江区（5）项目性质：新建（6）项目建设规模与内容该项目拟征用土地200多亩，建设项目包括新建3万吨冷藏库 ，5千吨速冻库 ，1万吨保鲜库 ，停车场及配套设施，购置进口冷冻设备螺杆式制冷系统（氟利仰），高层自动液压叉车及大型辅助设备等。（7）项目工期： 年 月 年 月。（8）项目总投资及资金筹措：该项目总投资 万元，资金全部为企业自筹，项目分三期建设，第一期计划投资为 万元，其中土建工程 万元，设备采购 万元，流

40、动资金 万元。 2、环境评价项目主要污染物：加工区下脚料、废水及锅炉排放的烟尘。下脚料可作为饲料行业的原料，废水每天排放量约30吨，拟采用物化和生化结合法进行处理；锅炉采用燃油、燃气双用，其烟尘排放符合国家标准。项目不构成对周围环境污染，符合现行环保要求。二、企业基本概况福建省水手食品有限公司座落于莆田市涵江区涵东工业区，公司成立于2002年，注册资金 万元，拥有标准厂房3500m2,职工180人，公司总资产约3200万元，主要从事农、副产品(含水产品)的深加工，以生产冷冻调理食品为主，公司已通过qs、iso安全体系和管理体系认证，现拥有“好帮厨”、“水旺”、“开慧”三大品牌，近一百多个品种，

41、年产量约10000多吨，其中“好帮厨”牌系列产品为专供酒店餐饮的高端产品，“水旺”牌系列产品为专供、商、超、农贸的中端产品，“开惠”牌系列产品为面向部分消费能力较低地区的低端产品，公司生产的产品以国内销售为主，年销售额1.2亿元，营销网络遍布全国20多个省、市、自治区，产品供不应求。公司一向追求科技创新，以注重营养，提升品质为指导思想，根据市场需求不断开发新产品，2009年，公司引进了国内最先进的双螺旋速冻隧道，解决生产过程产品速冻的“瓶颈”问题，极大提升了生产效率及企业实力，在提高产能的同时也实现了节能减排。在购置先进设备的同时，公司积极引进技术研发及管理人才，不断增强企业的软实力。2010

42、年公司与福建师大福清分校、中国肉联研究所强强联手，走上了一条“产、学、研”为一体的科技兴企发展道路。全国冷冻调理类市场发展空间巨大，然而公司因缺乏自有的生产车间，只能租赁厂房生产，因生产地点偏僻，物流不便，水、电等基础设施配套不全，无法满足正常生产需求，而且生产空间有限，难以实现规模化生产，因此，严重制约了公司的进一步发展，因此本项目的建设将是本公司实现跨越式发展的一个绝佳的机会。本项目建成后，预计年总产量达12096吨，每年总产值达3.05856亿元，将重点启动养殖屠宰分割冷却加工一条龙产业链，最终成为莆田市乃至全省综合性农业产业化加工的龙头企业，带动部份农、渔民共同富裕。三、项目建设的背景

43、及必要性冷链物流市场的未来发展潜力是巨大的，对于冷链各环节相关企业来讲，这是一块相当大的蛋糕据。从04年开始，国家每年的的“一号文件”都会对农副产品物流给予一定的关注，今年中央“一号文件”也同样在提出建设现代农业的问题中明确地讲到“必须强化农村流通基础设施建设，发展现代流通方式和新型流通业态，培育多元化、多层次的市场流通主体，构建开放统一、竞争有序的市场体系。” 并且中央一号文件还明确要求，切实落实鲜活农产品运输绿色通道政策；积极发展以鲜活农产品冷藏和低温仓储、运输为主的冷链物流系统。这无疑对冷链物流市场的发展起到了政策推进作用。1、 项目建设的背景无论是在综合大卖场、超市还是在传统的菜场，购

44、买肉类、乳制品、冷冻的包装食品等一系列需要温度控制来保鲜的产品时，除考虑产品是否是货真价实，质量可靠外，有没有考虑到这些产品是如何从生产厂家配送到零售终端的? 因为非常温产品在整个供应链中的质量保证是非常重要的，再好的产品如果由于运输和储存中的问题而造成的不新鲜，会影响营养和味道变化还是小事，严重的情况会对身体健康产生影响，故可以等同于伪劣商品，但是这背后的供应链往往是广大的消费者所无法了解到的。冷藏和冷冻食品需要一个完整的冷链物流对货物进行全程的温度控制，以确保食品的安全；这包括装卸货物时的封闭环境、储存和运输等等，一个环节都不能少；完整的冷藏食品供应链是食品安全不可或缺元素，因此冷链物流的

45、要求比较高，相应的管理和资金方面的投入也比普通的常温物流要大。莆田冷冻物流起步较晚，发展滞后，存在很多问题，农产品批发市场的环境脏乱差是非常普遍的现象，产品的交易场所、运输过程根本无法满足冷冻的要求。涵江现有的几个冷库普遍存在规模不大、交通不便、不集中、设备老化（用原有嗅氨制冷系统）等现状，由于这些冷库的操作基本为人工+推车搬运，导致效率低、成本高，造成很多商家无法选择在涵江作为物流中心点和货物进出。莆田及周边地区各类资源丰富，特色产业迅速发展，已经形成了畜禽产品、水产品生产基地，其中浙江宁波、台州、福建东山、广东等区域是鱼糜生产基地，莆田是鲍鱼、海参、海藻类采养殖基地，福建龙岩及福州是分割猪

46、肉、鸡肉等原料生产基地。此对整个区域经济的发展作出了巨大的贡献，巨大的农副产品资源必须通过强大和有效的物流体系才能转化为显著的经济效益，从而实现农民增收和区域经济发展。2、项目建设的必要性在涵江发展冷冻物流具有如下优势和现实需求：（1）冷冻产品的生产优势。我市特色优势农副产品资源丰富，但冷冻物流发展的滞后，限制了我市农副产品的流通和出口，农民收入也因此受到很大影响。发展冷冻物流对于我市农业产业结构调整，农民增收，发展现代物流产业，增强食品消费安全，提高居民消费水平等均有重要意义。（2）冷冻物流基地优势。该项目位于涵江五大专业批发市场及客运站附近，交通便利，物流发达，已在建的向莆铁路和福泉高速路

47、莆秀支路及城港大道、涵港大道、荔港大道均贯穿本区域，这对于拉长食品工业产业链，发展冷冻物流配送，做大做强产业集聚，形成特色和优势，均有重要作用。（3）现实需求。随着居民生活水平不断提高，生活节奏的变快，人们对食品的要求以从之前的货真价实，发展成安全、营养、美味、便捷等要求，速冻食品恰恰符合大众生活的要求。居民生鲜食品供应网络体系的形成，迫切需要配套建设生鲜食品配送中心，发展冷冻配送物流。3、项目建设的可行性如上所述，涵江的地理位置、区位优势和市场需求非常适合该项目的建设，本项目可充分利用本区域的农产品和水产品资源，项目建成后将投资开发水产养殖、农牧养殖生猪屠宰冷却肉加工及利用，带动当地农业结构

48、调整，完善产业结构，从而提高当地农业生产的收益，为农民增收。在政策支持上，国家及福建省出台若干文件，明确提出要通过农产品市场的建设，完善大中城市、主要农产品产区及集散地的各项管理系统建设和储藏，运销，物流配送等基础设施，提升市场的功能和档次，支持建设跨区域大型配送中心；逐步形成布局合理、功能完备、安全卫生、机制健全、信息灵敏、交易先进、运行规范、统一高效、竞争有序、现代化的农产品市场体系。4、可行性研究依据（1）福建省水产业“十二五”计划和2011年规划；（2）福建省关于农业产业化龙头企业和九大特色农产品的相关政策；（3）“福建省沿海资源可持续开发项目”建议书。四、项目市场预测1、项目建成投产

49、前期，每年肉制品产量将达4320吨、鱼糜制品3888吨、米面制品1728吨，海参648吨、鲍鱼648吨、海藻864（干）吨。项目建成顺利运行后，公司计划改变原依靠外地采购的分割猪肉、鸭肉、鸡肉等原料，转变为公司养殖或“公司+农户”养殖方式，引进先进的屠宰流水线设备，对生猪进行屠宰分割冷却加工，巩固传统的肉松、肉脯、肉丸加工优势，重点发展水产品，积极发展营养方便的精装系列、可微波加热的中式熟食制品和酒店专供系列产品。本项目的落实能有效稳定原料的采购和品质的保障，给产品注入了竞争力，有望销量达5亿元以上，将给当地政府带来 3250 万的税收，同时带动了区域第三产业的发展。2、莆田地区海岸线长，渔业

50、资源丰富，分布范围广，发展水产品加工具有得天独厚的优势，大宗水产品主要有低值鱼类、海带、紫菜、鲍鱼、海参等优质、健康的原料资源。公司后期将引进先进的加工技术和设备，重点开发高附加值的精深加工产品，生产原汁原味、健康的鱼制品。3、公司为了提高品牌知名度和产品的多元化，项目建成后：1、将增加商超销售渠道，2、各省、市建立配送中心，将区域农贸、商超、酒店统计并分解到小区域业务员作为年度销量指标，公司加强宣传和广告投入吸引更多的顾客，以高品质、安全、美味、便捷赢得市场，同时给当地的各产业链带来商机，对公司未来的发展注入活力，争创食品行业的特色品牌。五、项目厂址选择项目厂址选在莆田市涵江区食品工业内，其

51、各项基础设施完备。厂区周围区域无明显的烟雾、尘土、粉尘、刺鼻气味的污染源，同时空中污染物也属考虑的对象。六、项目的具体方案设计1、项目建设规模和内容（1）总平面布置（2）建设方案本项目参照gmp标准，依据iso9001和22000要求的建设，邀请专家进行设计，布局遵循国际标准，按生产流程，将相似的生产工程归类同一车间，本项目完成以下工程及设备：完成厂房工程完成冷库工程完成综合楼工程添置生产设备添置办公设备添置化验设备2、项目的目标和任务（1）项目的目标第一期项目建成后，合计年总产量达12096吨/年、总产值达3.05856亿元/年，重点启动养殖屠宰分割冷却加工一条龙产业链，最终成为莆田市乃至全

52、省综合性农业产业化加工的龙头企业，带动部份农、渔民共同富裕。（2）项目的任务立足农副产品、水产品深加工，公司主营产品鱼糜制品的改良已提上议程，可以在一定程度上提高我省水产加工品的市场竞争力，进一步加强与广大渔农及专业种、养殖户建立起产、销合作共同体。公司将依托现有的销售网络和品牌优势拓展国内、外市场，不断开发适应市场需求的安全、健康、方便的食品来满足消费者的需求。建设以肉制品系列深加工生产线；建设以鱼糜制品系列产品深加工生产线；拟建设以米面制品深加工生产线；拟扩建水产品深加工生产线，并可根据国内市场的需求进行水产品的初级加工；拟建设屠宰家禽深加工生产线（与秀屿区亿生农牧基地合作）；拟建设水产和

53、农牧养殖基地；七、项目工程技术方案建立项目管理小组，并制定iso9001和22000实施计划，加强产品质量监控，确保每种产品的质量达到食品行业要求，使整个生产过程达到标准化和规范化。八、环境保护、安全本项目投产后的主要污染物有：废水和锅炉排放的烟尘、废气。其中：废水每天（含生活）0吨，已配备相应的环保设施，拟采用物化与生化结合法进行处理，具体实施时由当时环保执法部门审核、监督和验收，符合现行的环保要求，不会构成污染。烟尘产生的锅炉规划在厂房布局中的下风处，使用的锅炉符合国家规定的环保指标，其原料采用柴油和液化气二种能源，不会对周围环境构成污染。1、环境保护：(1)本项目建设投产后，整个生产过程

54、不使用也不排放有毒物质，废水、废气拟采用物化和生化结合进行处理。(2)锅炉采用燃油、燃气双用，其排放符合国家标准。(3)生产线没有大型振动设备，没有强电磁波源，设备运转的噪音，保证符合国家有关规定，不会造成任何环境污染。2、生产劳动安全：(1)本项目在生产过程中不使用易燃、易爆及强碱、有毒有害物质。(2)在设备转动机械上设置安全护罩，电线、零线重复接地。(3)上岗工人必须经过技术培训和安全教育，制定各岗位操作规程及岗位责任制度，避免人为造成的机械事故和安全事故，加强防火工作，按防火规范的要求配备消防器材，防止火灾发生。九、项目总投资估算与资金来源1、投资估算本项目计划总投资8500万元，其中前

55、期土建工程1655.00万元，加工生产设备775 万元，办公设备80万元，化验设备200万元，其他设备90万元，详见表2，流动资金1300万元。自筹资金2100万元（不含原投入3200万元），贷款2000万元。其中：（1）土建工程完成厂房工程：约9000m2，造价约1080.00万元，综合楼工程：1000m2，造价约128.00万元,冷库工程: 4063.63 m3，造价约447.000万元。（2）设备（见表4-14-2）加工生产设备计775万元实验化验设备计200万元办公设备计80万元其他设备计 90 万元2、资金筹措为推进项目顺利进行，避免出现由于资金不到位而造成工程开工困难，工程进度跟上

56、不等情况，进而影响企业信誉和经济效益，我司计划从以下几个方面筹措资金：（1）自筹。通过自有资金及项目合作商家筹措资 万元，作为项目的周转资金，以保证工程项目顺利施工。（2）银行贷款。向银行抵押贷款 万元，作为工程项目的重要资金来源，正确利用信贷资金经营是现代企业解决发展问题的经营之道。十、项目建设进度本项目自 2011 年初开始，计划于 2013 年底建成，具体进度如下：（1） 2011 年 5 月底开始土建工程施工，（2） 2012 年 3 月2013年 12月完成设备采购及安装调试，建设期三年。十一、项目综合效益评价 1、财务分析的依据(1)项目计算期及生产负荷该项目计算期为3年，其中建设期为3年。 (2)本项目投产后，所有产品全部出售。产品正常年份销售收入见表6 表6：产品品名销售单价(万元)销售量（吨）销售额（万元）肉制品加工系列1.2043205184.00鱼制品加工系列1.2038884665.60米面加工系列1.217282073.60水产品加工系列8.64216018662.40合计30585.60(3)税金及利润该项目所得税税率为17%，产品销售税金及附加（含增值税）以