新课标高中英语同步词汇详解与精练外研社必修一模块1

1、 SB Module 1 My First Day at Senior High 重点词语讲解1. enthusiastic adj. 热情的He is enthusiastic about helping others. 他热心助人。He doesnt know much about the subject, but hes very enthusiastic.他对这事所知不多, 但却极感兴趣。His idea received an enthusiastic response.他的想法获得热烈的响应。2. amaze vt. 使惊异; 使惊奇; 使吃惊 amazed adj. 感到惊讶的

2、amazing adj. 令人惊异的Her knowledge amazes me. 她的学识令我吃惊。It amazed me to learn that he had been promoted.得知他已晋升使我惊奇。We were amazed that he refused to help us.他拒绝帮助我们,我们感到惊讶。His amazing intelligence led him to make many discoveries.他惊人的智力使他有很多发现。3. instruction n.指示；命令；pl.用法说明；操作指南；（输入计算机的）指令The doctors in

3、structions must be fulfilled exactly.医生的指示必须严格遵行。The teacher gave them instructions to arrive early tomorrow morning.老师命令他们明天早晨要早到。Be sure to follow your teachers instructions while doing an experiment. 做实验时务必按照老师的话去做。Before you take the medicine, you should read the instructions on the bottle caref

4、ully. 在服药之前，你应当仔细看药瓶上的用法说明。4. method n.方法; 办法; 条理; 秩序【注意】 method指科学的、合乎逻辑的有效方法，侧重指较高层次的有系统的方法,其后可接of短语,不接不定式。Our teacher is showing us a new method of writing.老师告诉我们一种书写的新方法。If you want to solve the problem, you must use method, rather than luck. 要是你想解决问题，就要讲究方法，不要凭运气。If you had used more method, yo

5、u wouldnt have wasted so much time.要是你安排得更有条理些,就不会浪费那么多时间了。5. bore vt. 烦扰，使厌烦 bored adj. 厌烦的 boring adj.令人厌烦的The long speech bored us all. 那冗长的演讲使我们都感到厌烦。He always bores her with the same story. 他总是重复同样的故事, 使她觉得厌烦。Im bored by history dates, battles and the like. 我让历史书上的日期、战争之类的事给烦透了。It is boring to

6、listen to the same story. 听相同的故事是令人厌烦的。His long boring story made me yawn. 他的冗长的故事听得我直打呵欠。6. embarrass vt. 使窘迫; 使局促不安; 使尴尬; 使感到拮据embarrassed adj. 感到为难的 embarrassing adj.令人困窘的; 令人为难的She was embarrassed when they kept telling her how clever she was.他们不停地说她聪明,令她感到不好意思。A large family embarrassed him.他子女

7、多, 这使他经济拮据。I was embarrassed, because I had no idea.我因为没有主意而不知如何是好。I dont like making speeches in public; its so embarrassing.我不喜欢在公开场合演说，太难为情了。7. attitude n.姿势; 态度; 看法; 姿势take a correct attitude towards 对抱正确态度 What I was surprised at was his attitude towards his study.我所吃惊的是他对学习的态度。From different s

8、tands there follow different attitudes.不同的立场就有不同的态度。As you get older, your attitude towards death changes.人随著年龄的增长，对死亡的看法也会有所改变。They sat around in easy attitude. 他们以舒适的姿势围坐在一起。8. behaviour n. U 行为; 举止;表现An unhappy home environment can affect a childs behaviour.不愉快的家庭环境能影响儿童的行为.Such behaviour lost hi

9、m our trust.他这种行为使得我们不再信任他了。Someday you will answer for your foolish behaviour.总有一天你将因你的愚蠢行为而受到惩罚。behave vi. 行为; 举止; 待人; 表现; 举止端正; 守规矩The boy behaved as if he were an adult.这个男孩表现得像个大人。Behave yourself; dont make a fool of yourself. 注意你的举止, 别闹出笑话来。Its hard to train children to behave well at the tabl

10、e.培养儿童用餐时举止得体是很困难的。You must promise to behave at the party before I can consider taking you along. 你必须承诺在晚会上规规矩矩,我才考虑带你们去。.9. *previous adj.先的; 前的; 以前的His previous attempt was successful.他以前的尝试成功了。In previous times, I didnt realize how valuable his advice was. 早先时候，我没有意识到他的意见是多么宝贵。The previous train

11、 was delayed by the bad weather. 前一辆火车因为恶劣天气延误了。10. description n. 描写; 描述; 记述 beyond / past description 难以形容answer ( to ) the description 与描述相符The beauty of the sunrise is beyond description. 日出的美景难以描述。This girl gave a vivid description of the event.那女孩对这件事作了一番生动的描述。 11. *impress vt. 使印象深刻; 使铭记; 使感动

12、; 使留下印象She impressed me as a woman of great kindness.在我印象中,她是一位非常仁慈的女性。What impressed me most was that they never lost heart.给我印象最深的是他们绝不丧失信心。He tried to impress everything he had explained upon us.他试图要我们把他所解释的内容都记住。impress sb. with sth. (=impress sth. on sb. 或 impress sb. sth.)使某人铭记/牢记某事My father i

13、mpressed me with the importance of work.父亲要我铭记工作的重要性。They impressed on their children the virtue of always telling the truth.他们要孩子们明白讲实话的美德。be impressed by / at / with 被所感动; 使(某人)印象深刻 【注意】不用进行时All present were impressed with / by his noble need. 所有在场的人都被他的崇高行为感动。Walking around the city, we were impr

14、essed by the citys new look. 在城里走时，城市的新容给我们留下深刻印象。be impressed on ones mind / memory 被印在脑海里; 留下很深的印象What he said that day was deeply impressed on my memory. 他那天说的话深深地印在我的脑海里。His words are strongly impressed on my memory.他的话使我深深铭记在心里。12. encouragement n.鼓励; 支持; 鼓励；赞同Praise acts as an encouragement to

15、 the young.称赞对于青年来说是一种鼓励。Your encouragement made me more confident of my future.你的鼓励使我对我的未来更加有信心。You will never know how much your encouragement meant to me.你决不会知道你的鼓励对我多么有意义。13. *disappoint vt. 使失望; 使沮丧; 使扫兴; 破坏(计划)，使(希望)落空Im sorry to disappoint you, but I cant come after all. 让你失望，真抱歉，可是我实在不能来。The

16、 experiment disappointed their hopes. 那一次实验使他们的希望落空了。disappointing adj. 令人失望的，灰心的，扫兴的disappointed adj. (指人)失望的，扫兴的Your examination marks are rather disappointing. 你的成绩真叫人失望。He was disappointed to find that his suggestions had been turned down. 发现自己的建议被拒绝了，他很失望。He was not so disappointed because he h

17、ad foreseen those difficulties. 他并不是很失望，因为他已经预见到了那种困难。14. cover vt. 覆盖; 遮盖; 占有(面积); 采访(新闻); 包括; 包含; 论及; 走过; 支付(开支等); 弥补(损失等)Please cover the table with a tablecloth.请把桌布盖在桌子上。Water covers nearly third quarters of the earths surface.水大约覆盖了地球表面的四分之三。He used to be sent to cover the battles during the w

18、ar. 他曾经被派去做战地采访。Do the rules cover all possible cases? 这些规则是否通用于所有可能的情形？The discussion covered a wide range of subjects. 这次讨论涉及内容广泛。The Red Army covered 25 000 Li on the Long March红军长征时走了两万五千里。How many pages have you covered? 你已读了多少页书?Will 150 dollars cover the cost of a new bike? 一百元够不够买辆新自行车?Fifty

19、 dollars will cover my need for the journey. 有五十元就够付这次的旅费了。15. divide vt. 分; 划分; 分配; 分享; 分担; 隔开divide the profit分配利润 His time is divided between work and play.他把时间分别用在工作和娱乐上。Mother divided the food into four equal shares.母亲把食物分成相同的四份。A low wall divides our garden from our neighbours garden.一堵矮墙把我家的花

20、园和邻居的花园隔开来。The Red Sea divides Africa from Asia.红海把非洲和亚洲隔开。divided adj.被分割的; 分开的; 对立的, 意见分歧的a divided country分裂的国家Public opinions are divided on this question.对于这问题,公众舆论不一致。【辨析】divide和 separate都含“分开”的意思。divide 指施加外力或自然地把某人或某物由整体分成若干部分,如: divide the candies among the children给孩子们把糖块分开。Our class is di

21、vided into four groups.我们班被分成四组。The shop assistants divided the apples into different classes.店员把苹果按级分类。 separate指把原来在一起的人或物分开, 或把混杂在一起的东西分开, 有时含有强行分隔的意味, 也可指“离别”，如果指由于某种自然障碍而造成的阻隔, 其后常与from连用, 可与divide通用。Separate those two boys who are fighting, will you? (你)把那两个打架的孩子拉开,好吗? The Taiwan Straits separ

22、ates / divides Taiwan from Fujian.台湾海峡把台湾和福建分隔开了。 注意：被divide分开的东西在一定的条件下具有统一性，被separate分开的东西没有统一性。16. similar adj.相像的; 相似的; 近似的be similar to 与相似 be similar in在相似The products of these two factories are similar. 这两家工厂的产品很相似。Your views on education are similar to mine.你的教育观点和我的类似。This city appears simi

23、lar to mine, but Im not familiar with it at all. 那座城市和我的城市很相似，但我对它一点也不熟悉。My wife and I have similar tastes in music.我妻子与我有相似的音乐爱好。【辨析】similar，like与alikesimilar指有明显的共同性质, 但不完全一致或同一。like指事物在外貌、性质或特征上非常相似以致区别不开，但并非同一。alike意义同like，但只能作表语。A similar mistake occurs at the end of the paragraph. 这一段末尾有一个类似的错

24、误。Like thinking produces like ideas. 相似的思维产生相似的主张。He and his brother are very alike. 他们兄弟俩太相似了。17. in other words 换句话说; 也就是说The woman has stopped crying，in other words，she calmed down.妇女停止了哭泣,也就是说,她平静下来了。You failed the exam this timeIn other words, you didnt pass the exam this time.你这次没有通过考试。换句话说，你这

25、次考试没及格。To help students develop the social skills, schools offer a large number of after-school activities, in other words, activities that take place outside classroom lessons.为帮助学生发展社交技能，学校安排大量的课外活动，即在教室里上完课后进行的活动。18. look forward to sth. / doing sth. 期待某事物/ 做某事I am looking forward to seeing you a

26、gain. 我盼望再见到你。Mary is looking forward to a birthday gift. 玛丽期待着一份生日礼物。Xiao Ming looked forward to visiting the moon by spaceship day and night.小明日夜盼望着能够乘坐宇宙飞船到月球上去参观。19. far from 离很远; 远远不 The sun is far (away) from the earth. 太阳离地球很远。Your home is not far from here。So you neednt have left in such a h

27、urry then你家离这儿不远， 因此你当时没必要匆匆忙忙的。Looking back on it, one realizes that it was far from being a satisfactory conference.回顾过去，人们会意识到那不是一次成功的会议。Your work is far from (being) satisfactory. 你的工作远远不能令人满意。20. nothing like 一点也不象; 没有什么能比得上 Her cooking is nothing like as good as yours. 她做饭的手艺绝比不上你。The town off

28、ers entertainments of a kind, but nothing like what youll find in the city.镇上有些所谓的娱乐, 但与城里的截然不同。 21. take part in 参加(某一活动并发挥作用)He makes it a rule to take part in some physical labor though he is old.虽然年龄已大，他仍习惯于参加一些体力劳动。Every summer vacation Ill take part in social practice.每年暑假我都参加社会实践。 【辨析】take pa

29、rt in, attend和join(in) take part in指参加会议或群众性活动等，重在说明句子主语参加该项活动并在活动中发挥作用；part前有修饰语时，要用不定冠词aan。 Lincoln took an active part in politics and was strongly against slavery. 林肯积极参加政治活动，强烈反对奴隶制。The leading group decided to tell all the workers to take part in the strike. 领导小组决定通知所有的工人参加罢工。attend主要指出席，参加某一活

30、动，强调出席者只是在其中“听”或“看”等，不起积极作用，主要指参加会议；上课(学)；参加典礼(葬礼)；听演讲等。They went to their school to attend a get-together. 他们去学校参加联欢会去了。join可指参加某一团体或组织，成为其中一员，也指参加某项正在进行着的活动，但不如join in常用。Do you know how many people joined the organization? 你知道有多少人参加了那个组织吗? Will you join us? 你参加我们的活动，好吗? join in多指参加比赛或活动，参加竞赛、娱乐、游戏

31、、谈话等某项具体活动，常用于口语。有时join in后不跟宾语。 I first just watched the game，then was invited to join in. 我起初只是看比赛，后来被邀请参加。join (sb.) in joinin中的join为及物动词，须接人称代词宾语。in后接表示某项活动的名词或动名词，意为“和一起”。 Will you join us in playing basketball now? 现在和我们一起打篮球好吗? They watched the game，and then they were invited to join in it. 他

32、们先是观看比赛，后来又被邀请参加。活学活用：（1）He _ yesterdays lecture and found it interesting. （2）The teacher _ us in the experiment.（3）Thousands of workers _ the strike.（4）Did you _ the meeting last week?Answers:（1）attended （2）joined（3）took part in（4）attend 22. 倍数表达法1) 倍数 + as + 形容词原级 + as (是的倍)倍数 + as + many + 可数名词 +

33、 as (是的倍) 倍数 + as + much + 不可数名词 + as (是的倍) Asia is four times as large as Europe.亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。/ 亚洲比欧洲大三倍。This box is three times as heavy as that one. 这个箱子是那个箱子的三倍重。/ 这个箱子比那个箱子重两倍。They have twice as many students as our school.他们学生的数量是我们学校的两倍。They need four times as much water as they had. 他们需要水的数量是他们

34、所有数量的四倍2) 倍数 + 比较级 + than (比倍) The meeting-room is three times bigger than our office.会议室比我们的办公室大三倍。/会议室是我们办公室的四倍大。Our total income of 2006 increased three times more than that of 2004. 我们2006年的总收入比2004年的增加了两倍。 3) 倍数 + 名词 ( 如：height, length，width，area等 ) (是的倍) The moon is one-third the size of the e

35、arth.月亮是地球的三分之一那么大。The new building is four times the height of the old one. (=The height of the new building is four times that of the old one.)这座新楼是那座旧楼的四倍大(四倍高)。或:这座楼比那座旧楼大三倍(高三倍)。 I wish I had twice his strength. (=I wish I was twice as strong as he. ) 我真希望我的力量比他的大一倍。SB Module 1 My First Day at

36、Senior High 重点词语精练 1. 单项选择：1) Despite such a big difference in _ towards what one eats, there is no doubt that people in the west regard the Chinese food as something special. 2007年高考湖北卷A. point B. idea C. attitude D. sight2) Always read the _on the bottle carefully and take the right amount of medi

37、cine. 2006年高考福建卷 A. explanations B. instructions C. descriptions D. introductions3) What a table! Ive never seen such a thing before. It is _ it is long. 2005年高考福建卷 A. half not as wide as B. not half as wide as C. wide not as half as D. as wide as not half4) The speech by the mayor of Shanghai befor

38、e the final voting for EXPO 2010 is strongly impressed _ my memory. 2003年上海高考春季卷A. to B. over C. by D. on5) Its bad _ for a man to smoke in the public places where smoking is not allowed.A. behavior B. action C. manner D. movement 6) The bank is equipped with new alarm _. We can say its safe and rel

39、iable completely.A. method B. way C. order D. system 7) The book is said to be a special one, which _ many events not found in other history books.A. prints B. covers C. refers D. reads 8) We _the job _five parts, and each man did one part.A. divided; into B. separated ; intoC. divided; from D. sepa

40、rated ; from 9)These two signatures (签名) are so _that its very difficult to _ them apart. A. the sametell B. differentsay C. similartell D. similarly say 10) PE will be part of the high school graduation examinations. _, you will have to be strong and healthy to graduate.A. After allB. As a matter o

41、f fact C. In other wordsD. Whats more 11) If we are to develop the world successfully, we must make sure that everyone is able to _ the new world we create. A. join B. attend C. join in D. take part in 12) Well, the lecture by our Chinese teacher is really _. You see, he has usually not been on with

42、 his lesson for fifteen minutes when half of the students are so _ that they fell asleep. A. boring; bored B. bored; bored C. bored; boring D. boring; boring 2. 选用方框内所给的词或词组的适当形式填空：（每空一词）technology；description; instruction; diploma; teenager; method; encouragement; assistant; system; correction1) Ta

43、ken according to the _, the medicine will have a positive effect on the childs disease.2) Modern _ makes it possible for people to live longer than before.3) In school most children need _ rather than punishment.4) You should use different _ to solve different problems. 5) Tom gave the police a _ of

44、 his lost car.6) Some people go back for their education to acquire another degree or _ to impress the society.7) Slavery is the _ by which some people are owned by others.8) _ should keep away from tobacco and alcohol.9) Most customers prefer to choose cloth themselves, rather take the advice of th

45、e sale _.10) The _ of all my mistakes took nearly an hour. amaze; disappoint; impress; embarrass; cover; disappear; behave; similar; previous; enthusiastic11) This job is open to all, regardless of their _ experience.12) After his _ 8,000-mile voyage around the coastlines of New Zealand and Australi

46、a, Captain Cook continued to sail around the world.13) Our bodies are strengthened by taking exercise_, our minds are developed by learning14) Many students are very _ about school activities; one of the reasons is that they think learning from textbooks is not their only task.15) No one believed hi

47、s reason for being late that he was caught in a traffic jam, which made him _16) He is a man who _ well. Each time we call on him, he sees us to the door and tells us to be careful of the cars coming and going on the streets. 17) How can you say that you really understand the whole story if you have

48、 _ only part of the article?18) Many beautiful fish are fast _ because of the severe pollution.19) What _ me most was that they never lost heart even when they failed once again.20) You will _ them if you dont go. They will be expecting you.take part in; in other words; divide into; look forward to;

49、 far from 21) The interest shall be _ _ five parts, according to the agreement made by both sides,” declared the judge.22) Everyone there _ _ _ the fight against the flood, including old people.23) This problem is _ _ being settled, so it has to be discussed again at tomorrows meeting.24) The Chinese _ _ _ _ the first attempt to land