定语从句专项讲解

1、定语从句专项讲解提问：定语是什么？修饰限定名词或代词的成分被称为 定语。举例：This is a beautiful flower.（形容词作定语，置前）This is a flower in the garden.（介词短语作定语，置后）This is the flower which you gave to me.（定语从句作定语，置后）先行词 关系词定语从句知识点梳理? 定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做 定语从句。? 结构：先行词+关系词+其他? 关系词的用法：1. 关系词的分类：1）关系代词：who, whom, which, that, whose2）关系副词：whe

2、n, where, why 作状语）2.关系代词在句中充当成分关系代词whowhomthatwhichwhose充当成分主、宾（可省）、表宾语主、宾（可省）、表主、宾（可省）、表定语先行词人人人或物物人或物3.关系代词的详细用法who, whom的用法1） who在定语从句中作 主语、宾语或表语，作宾语可省The girl who is in red is Lily.（作，不可省）I like the pers on who you are talk ing to.（作,可用whom/that替换或者省略）You arewho you are.（作,不可省）2） whom在句中作宾语，限制性从

3、句可省，非限制性从句中不能省略I happened to meethe professor whom I got to know at a party yesterday. 作,可省）I have many frie nds towhom I am going to send postcards.（ 面不可省）温馨提示：关系代词whom在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，常由“介词+ whom引出，此时whom不能省略。whose的用法whose的先行词既可 指人，也可指物。在定语从句中 作定语，whose = the n. +of which/whomThis is the scientistwho

4、se achievements are well known, （whose 扌旨人）=This is the scie ntist,the achieveme nts are well known.Id like a room whosewindow faces the sea.（whose指物）=I like a room_the window faces the sea.that和which的用法1）限制性定语从句中，通常情况下可以互换。that指人或物，which指物不指人，作主语或宾语，作宾语可省，主语不能。His father works in a factory that/whi

5、ch makes TV sets.（作,不可省）The coatI put on the desk is black.（作,）The room inI live is very big.注意：（先行词为物，在介词后面用which ）=The roomI live in is very big.2）只用that“人物最不避人物“人物” 一一that既可指人，也可指物Is this the museumthat you visited the other day?（指，可用）Jack is no Ion ger the personhat I met five years ago.（指,可用、）“

6、最”极端修饰： 最高级、序数词、the on ly, the same, the sam等This is the best film that has been shown so far in the city.（先行词被修饰）The first thing that we should do now is to find a local guide.（先行词被修饰）“不”不定代词 （all, much, little, few, something, anything, everything, nothing, none,等）All the apples that fell down fro

7、m the tree were eaten up by the pigs.There is not muchought to be done right now.（先行词为）He did everything could help us.（先行词为）（10 全国 2） I refuse to accept the blame for somethi ngwas some one else s fault.A. whichB. whoseC. whoD. that“避”避免重复Who is the personthat is sta nding at the school gate? （前有）哪

8、辆自行车是你弄丢的那辆？is the bikeyou lost?“人物”一一先行词有人也有物Tell us aboutthe people and the places_that are differe nt from ours.I m going to talk abothe countries and peoplethat I have visited.（先行词是）3）只用 which 在非限制性定语从句中She lost the gamewhich depressed her greatly.Tokyo,is the capital of Japa n, sees great cha n

9、ges every day. 在定语从句中作介词的宾语，且介词位于关系代词前。The housein which I used to live has become a shoe shop.The pen withyou are writing is Jeff s. 如果有两个定语从句，其中前一个关系代词用that，后一个宜用whichLet me show you the novelthat I borrowed from the library which was newly open to us.Step 1:找出先行词，判断指人指物Step 2:判断定语从句中缺什么成分（主语、宾语、表

10、语、定语）Step 3:选择合适的关系代词1. This is the bagmy mother bought yesterday.A. thatB. whoC. whomD. This2. The manlives n ext to us is my En glish teacher.A. whomB. whichC whoD. /3. The girlyou saw in the street is Mary.A thatB. whoseC. whichD. as4. Is this the factorya lot of stude nts visited yesterday?A. th

11、e oneB. thatC. whereD. this5. The on ly Ian guageis easy to lear n is the mother ton gue.A. whichB. thatC. /D. it6. The girl han ded everyth ingshe had picked up in the street to the police.A. whichB. i n whichC. thatD. all7. Please show me the bookyou bought yesterday.A. whichB. whomC. whoseD. this

12、8. This is the best bookI have bee n look ing for all this year.A. whoB. whomC. whichD. /9. The manwas here just now is a doctor.A. whomB. whoC. /D. He10. The boyhas two lovely dogs.A. who live n ext doorB. which lives n ext doorC. whom lives n ext doorD. that lives next door11. Don t go in, this is

13、 the shopwe have just been.A. /. toB. that, /C. where, to D. which, there12. He is the most careful boyI know.A. whatB. whichC. asD. /13. Did you tell your mother allyou had see n on the way home?A. whatB. whyC thatD. which14. It s one of the most important meetingsthis years.A. that has been heldB.

14、 which has bee n heldC. that have bee n heldD. which have held15. This is the new type of pla neparts are made of plastics.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. whose1. They sent my child to the school every morning, which I considered a great help to me.2. She has two daughters who study in the same school.3. T

15、alki ng about the USA, New York is the first thi ng that comes to mi nd.4. Do you know the girl who is sta nding on the stage?5. She may be late, in which case we ought to wait for her.6. Who is the pers on that is sta nding at the gate?7. The first thing that we need to do now is to clean the room.8. Her gran dma passed away last ni ght, which made her quite sad.9. Singing is the only thing that interested her most.10. Yellow River is the second Iongest river in China that is the origin of Chinese nation.11. Tom