过去分词作定语和表语

1、过去分词作定语和表语GrammarPast Participle Used as Attribute and Predicative过去分词作定语和表语Task oneLook at the following story and find the usage of past participle (“-ed”)过去分词作定语和表语StorylA boy called Tom went to the cinema one night. It was a horror film, but he was interested in it. Sometimes he felt excited, so

2、metimes he felt frightened. After the film, the tired boy came back home. Once home, the exhausted boy过去分词作定语和表语Key pointsl“-ed” can be used as _ and be put before or after the noun that it modifies. eg. tired/exhausted/excited boy a boy called Toml“ed” can also be put after the link-verbs (be, feel

3、, become, get, seem) and used as _ . eg. be interested in feel excited/frightenedattributepredicative过去分词作定语和表语Task twoCan you find out the position of “ed” used as attribute from these examples?linjured fingers 一个受伤的手指一个受伤的手指 a finger injured in the accidentlspoken English 英语口语英语口语 a language spoke

4、n by many peoplelwritten exercises 书面练习书面练习 a book written by Lu Xun过去分词作定语和表语Key pointslSingle “-ed” word is usually used _ the noun it modifies.l单个过去分词做定语常放在它所修饰的名词之单个过去分词做定语常放在它所修饰的名词之前。前。l“-ed” phrase is usually used _the noun it modifies.l过去分词短语作定语常放在它所修饰的名词之过去分词短语作定语常放在它所修饰的名词之后。后。afterbefore过

5、去分词作定语和表语Task three Please find more examples in the reading passage of each usage.过去分词作定语和表语AttributelSo many thousands of terrified people died lsoon the affected person died. lHe immediately told the astonished people in Broad Street lthat polluted water carried the virus.lhelp ordinary people ex

6、posed to cholera.lHe found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London. 过去分词作定语和表语PredicativelBut he became inspired when he thought about help ordinary people exposed to cholera.lHe became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people.lHe was d

7、etermined to find out why.过去分词作定语和表语过去分词作定语和表语总结过去分词作定语和表语总结过去分词作定语和表语一、过去分词作定语一、过去分词作定语1.1.单个的过去分词作定语时一般兼有被动和完成单个的过去分词作定语时一般兼有被动和完成的意义，常作前置定语的意义，常作前置定语( preposed attribute )。 eg. terrified people 受到惊吓的人们受到惊吓的人们 polluted water 被污染的水被污染的水 a closed door 关闭的门关闭的门注意：注意： -ed作前置定语时，有时只有被动意义。作前置定语时，有时只有被动意

8、义。 eg. spoken English 英语口语英语口语 written exercises 书面练习书面练习过去分词作定语和表语一、过去分词作定语一、过去分词作定语少数表示位移或状态改变的不及物动词的过少数表示位移或状态改变的不及物动词的过去分词做前置定语时只有完成的意义去分词做前置定语时只有完成的意义 fallen leaves 落叶落叶 the risen sun 升起来的太阳升起来的太阳 the developed countries 发达国家发达国家 a returned student 一名留学生一名留学生 a retired teacher 一名退休教师一名退休教师过去分词作

9、定语和表语一、过去分词作定语一、过去分词作定语2.2.过去分词作后置定语，表示被动和完成意义过去分词作后置定语，表示被动和完成意义。 eg. The books written by Lu Xun are popular鲁迅写的书很受欢迎。鲁迅写的书很受欢迎。 Well go to visit the bridge built hundreds of years ago 我们要去看那座建于几百年前的桥。我们要去看那座建于几百年前的桥。 He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water. 他发现它来自被脏水污染的河里

10、。他发现它来自被脏水污染的河里。过去分词作定语和表语一、过去分词作定语一、过去分词作定语3. 过去分词可作非限制性定语，相当于省过去分词可作非限制性定语，相当于省略式的定语从句。略式的定语从句。 e.g The books, (which were) written by Lu Xun, were very popular. The bridge, (which was) built in 1999, is very beautiful.过去分词作定语和表语现在分词和过去分词做定现在分词和过去分词做定语的区别语的区别l现在分词表示主动，过去分词表示被动。现在分词表示主动，过去分词表示被动。l现

11、在分词表示进行，过去分词表示状态或完成。现在分词表示进行，过去分词表示状态或完成。 boiling water 正在烧正在烧(煮沸煮沸)的水的水 boiled water 已煮沸的水已煮沸的水 developing countries 发展中国家发展中国家 developed countries 发达国家发达国家 falling leaves 落叶落叶(正在进行正在进行) fallen leaves 落叶落叶(已经完成已经完成)过去分词作定语和表语现在分词和过去分词做定现在分词和过去分词做定语的区别语的区别The boy killing the dog is her brother. The

12、boy killed by the man is her brother.过去分词作定语和表语考题练练看考题练练看1.The Olympic Games,_ in 776 B.C., did not include women players until 1912. A. first played B. to be first played C. first playing D. to be first playing解析：解析：A first played in 776B.C. = which was first played in 776 B.C.l现在分词作定语表示动作正在发生，与修现在

13、分词作定语表示动作正在发生，与修饰词是主谓关系。饰词是主谓关系。l不定式作定语表示将要发生的动作。不定式作定语表示将要发生的动作。过去分词作定语和表语考题练练看考题练练看2.Most of the artists _ to the party were from South Africa. A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. had been invited 解析：解析：A 考查过去分词作后置定语，与所考查过去分词作后置定语，与所修饰的名词之间是被动关系。修饰的名词之间是被动关系。过去分词作定语和表语考题练练看考题练练看3. Dont use

14、 words, expressions or phrases _ only to people with specific knowledge. A. being known B. having been known C. to be known D. known解析：解析：D过去分词作定语和表语考题练练看考题练练看4. I dont know the girl _ in the snow storm. A. to catch B. caught C. catching D. to be catching 解析：解析：B 小女孩被困在暴风雪中，所小女孩被困在暴风雪中，所以应用过去分词作后置定语

15、。以应用过去分词作后置定语。 过去分词作定语和表语二、二、过去分词作表语过去分词作表语1.1.过去分词作表语，表示主语的过去分词作表语，表示主语的感受感受或或所处的状态。所处的状态。 No wonder he was so excited.l可以用作表语的常见的过去分词有：可以用作表语的常见的过去分词有： delighted, disappointed, upset, astonished, excited, frightened, interested, puzzled, exhausted, satisfied, inspired, surprised, pleased过去分词作定语和表语

16、二、二、过去分词作表语过去分词作表语2.许多动词的过去分词已经被当许多动词的过去分词已经被当作形容词使用。如：作形容词使用。如：broken, disappointed, excited, moved, puzzled, pleased, surprised, lost等。等。 过去分词作定语和表语过去分词作表语与被过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别动语态的区别l-ed作表语主要表示动作的作表语主要表示动作的完成完成和和状态状态，相当于一个形容词；，相当于一个形容词；l被动语态的过去分词被动语态的过去分词动词动词意味很强意味很强,句子主语为动作的承受者，后面常句子主语为动作的承受者，后面常跟跟by

17、短语。短语。 The glass is broken. The glass was broken by Tom.过去分词作定语和表语过去分词过去分词作表语与作表语与现现在分词在分词作表语的区别作表语的区别l-ing表主动与进行，常用于表示事物表主动与进行，常用于表示事物的性质，汉语常翻译为的性质，汉语常翻译为“(某事某事/物物)使使人人,令人令人” ；l-ed 含有被动的意思，经常用于说明含有被动的意思，经常用于说明人的感觉，汉语常译为人的感觉，汉语常译为“(某人某人)感感到到”。eg. What he said was encouraging. We were encouraged at w

18、hat he said.过去分词作定语和表语-ed作表语与作表语与-ing作表语作表语的区别的区别此类词常见的有：此类词常见的有：lsurprising, surprised; exciting, excited; interesting, interested; astonishing, astonished; encouraging, encouraged; disappointing, disappointed; satisfying, satisfied; inspiring, inspired; pleasing, pleased; tiring, tired; boring, bo

19、red.过去分词作定语和表语考题练练看考题练练看1. Mr. Smith, _ of the _ speech, started to read a novel. A. tired; boring B. tiring; bored C. tired; bored D. tiring; boring 解析：解析： A。第一空应填。第一空应填tired，来源于，来源于系表结构系表结构be tired of；第二空表令人；第二空表令人感到枯燥的，应填现在分词感到枯燥的，应填现在分词boring。 过去分词作定语和表语考题练练看考题练练看2. Cleaning women in big cities

20、usually get _by the hour. A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to pay 解析：解析：C 该题考查分词作表语的用该题考查分词作表语的用法法。“to pay sb by the hour” 计时给某人报酬。此题被动结构计时给某人报酬。此题被动结构作表语。类似的有：作表语。类似的有：get burnt, get hurt , get wounded.过去分词作定语和表语考题练练看考题练练看3. As soon as he entered the city, he _. A. was losing B. got losing C. grew lost

21、D. got lost 解析：解析： D get lost 迷路了迷路了4. What surprised me most was that the leader of that country got _ . A. kill B. killing C. killed D. to be killed 解析：解析：C 过去分词表被动过去分词表被动过去分词作定语和表语考题练练看考题练练看5.The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain _ as the plane was making a landing. A. seat B. sea

22、ting C. seated D. to be seating 解析：解析： C。remain seated 为系为系表结构，不具有被动色彩。表结构，不具有被动色彩。 过去分词作定语和表语考题练练看考题练练看 6. - Im very _ with my own cooking. It looks nice and smells delicious. - Mm. It does have a _ smell. A. pleasant; pleased B. pleased; pleased C. pleasant; pleasant D. pleased; pleasant 解析：解析： D。

23、pleased，满意的；，满意的； pleasant，令人愉快的。，令人愉快的。 过去分词作定语和表语Task fourlComplete the table with phrases that have the same meaning.Preposed AttributePostpositive Attribute1. terrified people1. people terrified of2. reserved seats2. 3. polluted water3. 4. a crowded room4. 5. a pleased winner5. seats reserved for water polluted by a room crowded with a winner pleased with过去分词作定语和表语Task four6. astonished children 7. a broken vase8. a closed door9. the tired audience10. a trapped anima