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1、第五章第五章 财产保险财产保险 第一节第一节 财产损失保险财产损失保险 第二节第二节 责任保险责任保险 第三节第三节 信用保证保险信用保证保险 第一节第一节 财产损失保险财产损失保险 一、普通财产保险一、普通财产保险 普通财产保险是在火灾保险的基础上发展形成普通财产保险是在火灾保险的基础上发展形成 的。保险标的包括各种不动产和动产;承保风险在的。保险标的包括各种不动产和动产;承保风险在 火灾的基础上扩展到多种自然灾害和意外事故;赔火灾的基础上扩展到多种自然灾害和意外事故;赔 偿范围既包括财产直接损失,也包括有关费用,还偿范围既包括财产直接损失,也包括有关费用,还 可承保利润损失。可承保利润损失

2、。 (一)普通财产保险的保障内容及其特征(一)普通财产保险的保障内容及其特征 1.1.保险标的保险标的 包括各类企事业单位和家庭的各种不动产和动包括各类企事业单位和家庭的各种不动产和动 产。这些保险标的的特点是置放于固定场所,处于产。这些保险标的的特点是置放于固定场所,处于 相对静止状态。相对静止状态。 2.2.保险金额保险金额 一般以投保时财产的实际价值为依据确定保险一般以投保时财产的实际价值为依据确定保险 金额,实际价值应通过评估确定,也可按照账面价金额,实际价值应通过评估确定,也可按照账面价 值、重置价值确定。值、重置价值确定。 3.3.保险责任保险责任 承保各种自然灾害、意外事故造成保

3、险财产的承保各种自然灾害、意外事故造成保险财产的 直接损失和施救费用。直接损失和施救费用。 4.4.保险期限保险期限 一年内的定期保险,期满续保,重新订约。一年内的定期保险,期满续保,重新订约。 5. 5.保险费率保险费率 影响保险财产损失率及费率的因素主要有:影响保险财产损失率及费率的因素主要有: 承保风险种类;承保风险种类;建筑物结构及其风险等级;建筑物结构及其风险等级;财财 产占用性质;产占用性质;地理位置;地理位置;投保人防灾设施以及投保人防灾设施以及 以往损失记录。以往损失记录。 根据普通财产保险险种,费率主要分为(法人)根据普通财产保险险种,费率主要分为(法人) 财产保险费率和家庭

4、财产保险费率。财产保险费率和家庭财产保险费率。 6.6.赔偿方式赔偿方式 财产保险一般按比例责任赔偿方式计算赔款;财产保险一般按比例责任赔偿方式计算赔款; 家庭财产保险一般按第一损失(危险)赔偿方式计家庭财产保险一般按第一损失(危险)赔偿方式计 算赔款。算赔款。 (二)普通财产保险的主要险种(二)普通财产保险的主要险种 1.1.财产保险(财产保险(property insuranceproperty insurance) 适用于各类企业、事业、机关团体等法人组织。适用于各类企业、事业、机关团体等法人组织。 根据承保责任范围不同,财产保险险别分为:根据承保责任范围不同,财产保险险别分为: (1

5、1)基本险。承保火灾及相关风险、有关意外)基本险。承保火灾及相关风险、有关意外 事故和施救费用。事故和施救费用。 (2 2)综合险。在基本险基础上扩展了洪水等多)综合险。在基本险基础上扩展了洪水等多 种自然灾害。种自然灾害。 (3 3)附加险。可以附加盗窃险、地震险等。)附加险。可以附加盗窃险、地震险等。 2.2.利润损失保险利润损失保险(loss of profits insurance)(loss of profits insurance) 也称营业中断险,是企业财产保险的一种附加也称营业中断险,是企业财产保险的一种附加 险,承保由于火灾和其他自然灾害、意外事故造成险,承保由于火灾和其他自

6、然灾害、意外事故造成 保险财产受损引起营业中断,使被保险人遭受的利保险财产受损引起营业中断,使被保险人遭受的利 润损失以及仍需开支的必要费用等间接经济损失。润损失以及仍需开支的必要费用等间接经济损失。 利润损失险的保险金额是按企业上年度销售额利润损失险的保险金额是按企业上年度销售额 或营业额加上本年度业务发展趋势和通货膨胀因素或营业额加上本年度业务发展趋势和通货膨胀因素 为基础,计算本年度预期毛利润额来确定的。为基础,计算本年度预期毛利润额来确定的。 3.3.机器损坏保险(机器损坏保险(machinery breakdown machinery breakdown insurance insu

7、rance ) 适用于所有安装验收完毕并转入生产运营的机适用于所有安装验收完毕并转入生产运营的机 器设备及配套设施。保险标的包括各类机器、工厂器设备及配套设施。保险标的包括各类机器、工厂 设备、机械装置等,如发电机组、电力输送设备、设备、机械装置等,如发电机组、电力输送设备、 生产机器和附属设备。保险金额不论机器新旧程度生产机器和附属设备。保险金额不论机器新旧程度 一律按重置价值确定。保险责任不是自然灾害及一一律按重置价值确定。保险责任不是自然灾害及一 般的意外事故,而是机械电气事故与人为事故,包般的意外事故,而是机械电气事故与人为事故,包 括设计、制造或安装错误、铸造和原材料缺陷;工括设计、

8、制造或安装错误、铸造和原材料缺陷;工 人和技术人员操作失误或恶意行为等。人和技术人员操作失误或恶意行为等。 企业财产保险已将机器设备作为固定资产一并企业财产保险已将机器设备作为固定资产一并 投保,其保险责任是多种自然灾害和意外事故;由投保,其保险责任是多种自然灾害和意外事故;由 于机器设备还会面临机械电气事故与人为事故,所于机器设备还会面临机械电气事故与人为事故,所 以又有机器损坏保险专门承保这种特殊风险。因此以又有机器损坏保险专门承保这种特殊风险。因此 ,企业投保财产保险并不能代替机器损坏保险。,企业投保财产保险并不能代替机器损坏保险。 4. 4.家庭财产保险(家庭财产保险(family p

9、roperty family property insuranceinsurance) 是以城乡居民家庭的房屋和其他家产为保险标是以城乡居民家庭的房屋和其他家产为保险标 的的的一种保险,其特点是业务分散,承保多种自然的一种保险,其特点是业务分散,承保多种自然 灾害和意外事故造成保险财产的直接损失以及施救灾害和意外事故造成保险财产的直接损失以及施救 费用。另外,可以加保盗窃险、地震险等附加险。费用。另外,可以加保盗窃险、地震险等附加险。 二、运输保险二、运输保险(transportation insurancetransportation insurance) 以各种运输工具和运输货物为保险标的

10、,承保以各种运输工具和运输货物为保险标的,承保 其在运输过程中因自然灾害、意外事故和外来风险其在运输过程中因自然灾害、意外事故和外来风险 所致财产损失以及运输工具第三者责任的保险。所致财产损失以及运输工具第三者责任的保险。 (一)运输保险的特征(一)运输保险的特征 1.1.保险标的的流动性与定值保险合同保险标的的流动性与定值保险合同 货物在移位过程中受不同市场价格的影响,价货物在移位过程中受不同市场价格的影响,价 值容易发生变化;运输工具在保险期间也可能因为值容易发生变化;运输工具在保险期间也可能因为 维修而发生价值变化;所以,运输货物保险和一些维修而发生价值变化;所以,运输货物保险和一些 运

11、输工具保险一般采用定值保险合同承保和理赔。运输工具保险一般采用定值保险合同承保和理赔。 2.2.承保风险较多,责任范围较大承保风险较多,责任范围较大 (1 1)承保风险:)承保风险:普通财产保险承保的一般自普通财产保险承保的一般自 然灾害和意外事故;然灾害和意外事故;运输过程中特有的风险,如运输过程中特有的风险,如 车辆倾覆、船舶沉没、飞机坠落、碰撞、搁浅、触车辆倾覆、船舶沉没、飞机坠落、碰撞、搁浅、触 礁等;礁等;外来风险,主要是货物可能发生的偷窃、外来风险,主要是货物可能发生的偷窃、 破碎、受潮受热、串味、渗漏等风险。破碎、受潮受热、串味、渗漏等风险。 (2 2)赔付范围:)赔付范围:财产

12、损失,包括单独海损与财产损失,包括单独海损与 共同海损;共同海损;有关利益,包括运费、预期利润、施有关利益,包括运费、预期利润、施 救费用、救助费用等;救费用、救助费用等;第三者责任,如汽车第三第三者责任,如汽车第三 者责任、船舶碰撞责任等。者责任、船舶碰撞责任等。 3.3.影响保险财产损失率及费率的因素较多影响保险财产损失率及费率的因素较多 这些因素主要包括:这些因素主要包括:运输工具的种类、用运输工具的种类、用 途、座位或吨位、使用年限、行驶区域等;途、座位或吨位、使用年限、行驶区域等;驾驶驾驶 人员的年龄、性别、职业、驾龄、以往肇事记录等人员的年龄、性别、职业、驾龄、以往肇事记录等 ;货

13、物的特性、运输方式(陆运、海运、空货物的特性、运输方式(陆运、海运、空 运、大陆桥运输、国际多式联运等)、投保险别运、大陆桥运输、国际多式联运等)、投保险别 等。根据这些因素制订各险种的费率表和费率调整等。根据这些因素制订各险种的费率表和费率调整 系数。系数。 4.4.异地出险现象异地出险现象 由于保险标的的流动性,许多运输保险事故往由于保险标的的流动性,许多运输保险事故往 往发生在异地,保险理赔通常采用委托查勘理赔往发生在异地,保险理赔通常采用委托查勘理赔 代理检验、理赔的方式处理赔案。代理检验、理赔的方式处理赔案。 5.5.保险期限采取多种形式保险期限采取多种形式 船舶保险期限主要采用定期

14、保险;货物运输保船舶保险期限主要采用定期保险;货物运输保 险期限主要采用航程保险;而且,货运险通常采用险期限主要采用航程保险;而且,货运险通常采用 “ “仓至仓仓至仓”责任期限,是空间与时间的双重限制。责任期限,是空间与时间的双重限制。 6.6.代位追偿经常发生代位追偿经常发生 运输保险中的货主在与保险人签订货物保险合运输保险中的货主在与保险人签订货物保险合 同的同时,也与承运人签订有运输合同,根据运输同的同时,也与承运人签订有运输合同,根据运输 合同,承运人对运输过程中的货物负有管理责任。合同,承运人对运输过程中的货物负有管理责任。 当货物损失既属于保险责任范围又属于承运人责任当货物损失既属

15、于保险责任范围又属于承运人责任 时,例如,由于承运人配载不当导致货物串味,由时,例如,由于承运人配载不当导致货物串味,由 于承运人管理不善导致货物被偷窃或发生火灾损失于承运人管理不善导致货物被偷窃或发生火灾损失 等,保险人在赔偿了被保险人损失后通常要依法向等,保险人在赔偿了被保险人损失后通常要依法向 承运人追偿。承运人追偿。根据根据“有根有据,合情合理有根有据,合情合理”的追偿的追偿 原原 则,则,保险人应熟练掌握不同运输方式下相应的有关保险人应熟练掌握不同运输方式下相应的有关 运输法规和有关提单的国际公约,以保证追偿工作运输法规和有关提单的国际公约,以保证追偿工作 的有效性。的有效性。 (二

16、)运输保险的主要险种(二)运输保险的主要险种 1.1.国际运输货物保险国际运输货物保险 (1 1)险种与险别。国际运输货物保险是以我国)险种与险别。国际运输货物保险是以我国 进出口贸易货物作为保险标的的保险,其险种与险进出口贸易货物作为保险标的的保险,其险种与险 别如下:别如下: 基基 本本 险险 海洋运输货物保险海洋运输货物保险平安险、水渍险、一切险平安险、水渍险、一切险 海洋运输冷藏货物保险海洋运输冷藏货物保险 海洋运输散装桐油保险海洋运输散装桐油保险 陆上运输货物保险陆上运输货物保险陆运险、陆运一切险陆运险、陆运一切险 航空运输货物保险航空运输货物保险空运险、空运一切险空运险、空运一切险

17、 邮包险邮包险邮包险、邮包一切险邮包险、邮包一切险 附附 加加 险险 普通附加险普通附加险 偷窃提货不着险、淡水雨淋险、偷窃提货不着险、淡水雨淋险、 短量险、混杂玷污险、渗漏险、短量险、混杂玷污险、渗漏险、 碰损破碎险、串味险、受潮受碰损破碎险、串味险、受潮受 热险、钩损险、包装破裂险、热险、钩损险、包装破裂险、 锈损险(共锈损险(共1111种)种) 特别附加险特别附加险 交货不到险、进口关税险、舱交货不到险、进口关税险、舱 面险、拒收险、黄曲霉素险、面险、拒收险、黄曲霉素险、 出口货物到香港或澳门存仓火出口货物到香港或澳门存仓火 险责任扩展条款(共险责任扩展条款(共6 6种种) 特殊附加险特

18、殊附加险 战争罢工险战争罢工险 海洋货运险的险别按保险责任区分为:海洋货运险的险别按保险责任区分为:平安平安 险险(Free from Particular AverageFree from Particular Average,FPAFPA)责任)责任 范围包括范围包括8 8个方面,主要负责恶劣气候等自然灾害个方面,主要负责恶劣气候等自然灾害 造成整批货物的全部损失或推定全损,由于运输工造成整批货物的全部损失或推定全损,由于运输工 具遭受搁浅、触礁等特定意外事故造成货物的全部具遭受搁浅、触礁等特定意外事故造成货物的全部 或部分损失、共同海损、施救费用、救助费用等。或部分损失、共同海损、施救费

19、用、救助费用等。 水渍险水渍险(With Particular AverageWith Particular Average,WPAWPA)的责)的责 任范围是在平安险基础上,扩展承保恶劣气候等特任范围是在平安险基础上,扩展承保恶劣气候等特 定自然灾害造成货物的部分损失。定自然灾害造成货物的部分损失。一切险一切险(All (All Risks)Risks)责任范围包括了平安险和水渍险的所有责任,责任范围包括了平安险和水渍险的所有责任, 还扩展承保还扩展承保1111种外来风险造成的货损。种外来风险造成的货损。 普通附加险承保的外来风险多与各种货物的特普通附加险承保的外来风险多与各种货物的特 性有

20、关;特别附加险往往同政治、国家行政管理以性有关;特别附加险往往同政治、国家行政管理以 及一些特殊的风险相关联;战争、罢工险承保战争及一些特殊的风险相关联;战争、罢工险承保战争 或类似战争行为以及罢工行为造成货物的直接损或类似战争行为以及罢工行为造成货物的直接损 失,这类风险的损失幅度较大,规律性难循。失,这类风险的损失幅度较大,规律性难循。 (2 2)投保人与被保险人。在国际上,货物运输)投保人与被保险人。在国际上,货物运输 保险是由出口方投保还是由进口方投保,通常由贸保险是由出口方投保还是由进口方投保,通常由贸 易合同明确规定,并包含在贸易价格条件(贸易术易合同明确规定,并包含在贸易价格条件

21、(贸易术 语)中。根据国际商会语)中。根据国际商会19901990年国际贸易术语解释年国际贸易术语解释 通则通则,贸易术语分为,贸易术语分为1313种,其中,最常用的有种,其中,最常用的有 CIFCIF、FOBFOB、CFRCFR(C 2. A bailee may insure his customers goods for the full value and, if loss occurs, he may retain so much of the po- licy moneys as would cover his own interest while being trustee fo

22、r the owners in respect of the rest. Alternatively a bailee may take out a policy which covers merely his own liability as bailee and it is a matter of construction which type of policy has been taken out. 3. An owner can always insure his or her own houses or premises. Comparison between Life Assur

23、ance Contracts and Fire Insurance Contracts Common feature These two kinds of insurance contracts have someth- ing in common. That is: the insurer must have insurable interest in the subject matter insured. Difference A contract of fire insurance differs from a contract of life assurance or life ins

24、urance in that it (fire insurance co- ntract) is a contract of indemnity. The fire insurance contr- act is to indemnify the insured up to a certain amount from loss or injury by fire to specified property during a speci- fied time. However the principle of indemnity cannot strictly apply to life ins

25、urance. Assignment and transferability of Fire Insurance Policies The right to receive the proceeds under a fire policy (or any other policy) is assignable, but in the case of a fire (insurance) policy, being an indemnity policy, the assignee may only claim if the insured still has an insurable inte

26、rest in the property at the time of loss. Although the right to receive the proceeds under a fire policy is assignable, the policy cannot itself be transferred so that it attaches to different property or so that there is a different insured person unless the insurer consents. If, therefore, A sells

27、 property to B, any purported transfer by A to B of this fire policy on the premises can only be effective if the insurers consent. However, if the insurance money becomes payable to a vendor in respect of damage to or destruction of property between the date of contract of sale and the completion o

28、f the purchase, the money when rece- ived by the vendor must be paid to the purchaser on or aft- er completion, subject to any stipulation to the contrary and any requisite consent of the insurer. The purchaser must pay the proportionate part of the premium from the date of the contract of sale. Tex

29、t B Marine Insurance Definition Marine insurance or maritime insurance is an contract whereby the insurer undertakes to indemnify the insured / assured in the manner and to the extent thereby agreed, against marine losses, that is to say, the losses incident to marine adventure. The person who is in

30、demnified is called the “assured”, or the “insured”, the other party being styled the “insurer” or the “underwriter”. Such a contract is gener- ally entered into through the agency of brokers, who are responsible to the underwriters for the premium and the mode of contracting and the various details

31、 are largely de- termined by the custom of the different associations whose members are engaged in this particular kind of transaction. Who may be insured? The answer is: all persons who have insurable interest may be insured unless they are alien enemies. Specifically those who may be insured inclu

32、de: 1. The lender of money on bottomry or respondentia, to the extent of the loan. Bottomry is a pledge of the ship and freight to secure a loan to enable the ship to continue the voyage. It is named after the bottom or keel of the ship which is figuratively used to express the whole ship. Resp- ond

33、entia is a pledge of the cargo only and not of the ship. 2. The master and crew to the extent of their wages. 3. A person advancing freight to the extent that the freight is not repayable in case of loss. 4. A mortgagor, to the extent of the full value of the property, and a mortgagee for the sum du

34、e under the mor- tgage. 5. The owner, to the extent of the full value, notwiths- tanding that a third party has agreed to indemnify him for loss. 6. A reinsurer, to the extent of his risk. The insured must have the insurable interest at the time of the contract and the loss, although he needs not ha

35、ve it when the insurance is effected. Disclosure and Representation A contract of marine insurance requires the utmost good faith, and if this principle is not observed by either party, the other party may avoid the contract. Thats what the British Marine Insurance Act 1906 says. It is the duty of t

36、he person intending to insure to com- municate to the insurer every circumstance known to him or which in the ordinary course of the business he ought to know, which is material to the risk, that is, every circumst- ance which would influence the judgment of a prudent ins- urer in fixing the premium

37、, or determining whether he will take the risk. Representation means a statement made to influence opinion or action. Every material representation made by the insured or his agent during the negotiation for, and be- fore the conclusion of the contract must be true, or the ins- urer may avoid the po

38、licy. A representation may be of fact, of expectation, or of belief. It is sufficient if a representation of a fact is substantially correct, and if a representation of expectation or belief is made in good faith. 泰塔尼克泰塔尼克 号邮轮号邮轮 Text C Property and Casualty Insurance History Ancient History Propert

39、y and casualty insurance was the earliest form of insurance. It began in the Middle Ages when merchants sent ships off to foreign ports to trade. A merchant, though willing to accept the risk that the trading might not turn a profit, was often unwilling to accept the risk that the ship might sink or

40、 be captured by pirates. To reduce such risks, merchants began to band together and insure each others ships against loss. The process became more sophistica- ted as time went on, and insurance policies were written that were then traded in the major commercial centers of the time. In 1666, the Grea

41、t Fire of London did much to advance the case for fire insurance. The first fire insurance compa- ny was founded in London in 1680. In the United States, the first fire insurance company was formed by a group led by Benjamin Franklin in 1752. By the beginning of the nine- teenth century, the assets

42、of property and casualty insura- nce firms exceeded even those of commercial banks, mak- ing these firms the most important financial intermediaries. The invention of the automobile did a great deal to spur the growth of intermediary property and casualty insurance co- mpanies during the twentieth c

43、entury. Modern History In todays America, property and casualty insurance protects against losses from fire, theft, storm, explosion, and even neglect. Purposes of Property and Casualty Insurance The Purpose of Property Insurance This type of insurance protects business and owners fr- om the impact

44、of risk associated with owning property. This includes replacement and loss of earnings from income-pr- oducing property as well as financial losses to owners of residential property. The Purpose of Casualty Insurance or Liability insurance This type of insurance protects against liability for harm

45、the insured person may cause to others as a result of pro- duct failure or accidents. For example, part of your car ins- urance is property insurance (which pays if your car is da- maged), and part is casualty insurance (which pays if you cause an accident). Comparison between Property and Casualty

46、Insurance and Life Insurance Property and casualty insurance in different from life insurance in three ways: First, property and casualty policies tend to be short- term, usually for one year or less; Second, whereas life insurance is limited to insuring against one event, property and casualty insu

47、rance comp- anies insure against many different events; Finally, the amount of the potential loss in property and casualty insurance is much more difficult to predict than th- at for life insurance. These characteristics or rather the 3 differences cause property and casualty insurance companies to

48、hold more liquid assets than those of life insurance companies. Property Insurance Policies Property insurance can be provided in either named- peril policies or open-peril policies. Named-peril policies insure against loss only from peril that are specifically nam- ed in the policy, whereas open-pe

49、ril policies insure against all perils except those specifically excluded by the policy. For example, many home owners in low-lying areas are required to buy flood insurance. This insurance covers only losses due to flooding, so it is a named-policy. A homeow- ners insurance policy, which protects t

50、he house from fire, hurricane, tornado, and other damages, is an example of an open-peril insurance policy. The Buyer of Casualty or Liability Insurance Because casualty or liability insurance protects against financial losses often caused by negligence, such type of insurance is bought not only by

51、manufacturers who might be sued due to their product defects, but also by many ty- pes of professionals, including physicians, lawyers, and building contractors. The Difference between Property Insurance and Casualty or Liability Insurance in terms of Risk Exposure The risk exposure in property insu

52、rance policies is relatively easy to predict, since it is usually limited to the value of the property, liability risk exposure is much more difficult to determine. Liability risk exposure can have long lag time (often referred to as “tails”). This means that a liability claim may be filed long afte

53、r the policy expires. 第五章第五章 作业作业 基本概念基本概念 共同海损共同海损 仓至仓责任期限仓至仓责任期限 责任保险责任保险 信用保证保险信用保证保险 投资保险投资保险 买方信用限额买方信用限额 思考题思考题 1.1.国际运输货物保险与对外贸易价格条件有何关系?国际运输货物保险与对外贸易价格条件有何关系? 2.2.我国实施机动车辆交强险的意义何在?我国实施机动车辆交强险的意义何在? 3.3.农业保险有何特征?农业保险有何特征? 4.4.确定责任保险的责任期限有哪两种方法?各自的含确定责任保险的责任期限有哪两种方法?各自的含 义及其适用范围如何?义及其适用范围如何? 5

54、.5.信用保证保险有何特征?信用保证保险有何特征? 6.6.产品保证保险与产品责任保险有何区别?产品保证保险与产品责任保险有何区别? 7.7.出口信用保险有哪些作用?又有哪些特点?出口信用保险有哪些作用?又有哪些特点? Exercises Translation: (1-2 C-E 3-5 E-C ) 1.1.既然火险合同是一个赔偿合同,火灾后如果被保险人没有遭既然火险合同是一个赔偿合同,火灾后如果被保险人没有遭 受损失,他就无权按合同获得任何赔偿。受损失,他就无权按合同获得任何赔偿。 2.2.只有在保险公司同意的情况下,火险合同才能被让与。如果只有在保险公司同意的情况下,火险合同才能被让与。

55、如果 保险公司拒绝同意,所试图的让于是无效的。保险公司拒绝同意,所试图的让于是无效的。 3.3.A valued policy is one where the agreed value of the subje- ct matter insured is specified. In the absence of fraud, this value is conclusive as between the insurer and the assured, whether the loss is partial or total. 4. No action against the insurer

56、 can be bought by the insured until the policy is insured; the slip cannot be sued upon, but where there is a duly stamped policy reference may be ma- de to the slip in any legal proceedings. 5. Because casualty or liability insurance protects against fi- nancial losses often caused by negligence, s

57、uch type of insurance is bought not only by manufacturers who might be sued due to the their product defects, but also by many types of professionals, including physicians, lawyers, and building contractors. 第六章第六章 人身保险人身保险 第一节人身保险概述第一节人身保险概述 第二节人寿保险第二节人寿保险 第三节意外伤害保险第三节意外伤害保险 第四节第四节 健康保险健康保险 第一节人身保险

58、概述第一节人身保险概述 一、人身保险的概念一、人身保险的概念 人身保险是以人身保险是以人的生命和身体人的生命和身体为保险标的,当为保险标的,当 被保险人在保险期间发生被保险人在保险期间发生死亡、伤残、疾病、年老死亡、伤残、疾病、年老 或或生存生存至保险期满时,由保险人给付被保险人或受至保险期满时,由保险人给付被保险人或受 益人保险金的一类保险。益人保险金的一类保险。 二、人身保险的种类二、人身保险的种类 (一)按保障范围分类(一)按保障范围分类 1.1.人寿保险人寿保险 以人的生命为保险标的,保险人对被保险人的以人的生命为保险标的,保险人对被保险人的 死亡或生存承担保险责任。人寿保险占全部人身

59、保死亡或生存承担保险责任。人寿保险占全部人身保 险业务的绝大部分。险业务的绝大部分。 2.2.意外伤害保险意外伤害保险 以人的生命和身体为保险标的,保险人对被保以人的生命和身体为保险标的,保险人对被保 险人遭受意外伤害事故造成的死亡或伤残承担保险险人遭受意外伤害事故造成的死亡或伤残承担保险 责任。责任。 3.3.健康保险健康保险 以人的身体为保险标的,保险人对被保险人发以人的身体为保险标的,保险人对被保险人发 生疾病、生育或意外事故支出的医疗费用和收入损生疾病、生育或意外事故支出的医疗费用和收入损 失承担保险责任。失承担保险责任。 (二)按保险期限分类(二)按保险期限分类 1.1.长期业务长期

60、业务 人寿保险多为长期业务,保险期限一般在五年人寿保险多为长期业务,保险期限一般在五年 以上直至人的终身以上直至人的终身; ;健康保险也可承保长期业务。健康保险也可承保长期业务。 2.2.一年期业务一年期业务 以人身意外伤害保险居多;健康保险和定期寿以人身意外伤害保险居多;健康保险和定期寿 险也可以是一年期业务。险也可以是一年期业务。 3.3.短期业务短期业务 一般只保一次航(旅)程的旅客或公共场所游一般只保一次航(旅)程的旅客或公共场所游 客的意外伤害保险。客的意外伤害保险。 (三)按投保方式分类(三)按投保方式分类 1. 1.个人保险个人保险 指一张保单只为个人提供保险保障。指一张保单只为

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