【绝密】职称英语考试 理工类 B级 阅读理解押题第四十篇 附带解题技巧

1、 第四十篇 teaching math数学, teaching anxiety焦虑 理工（b级）教数学，教焦虑in a new study about the way kids learn math in elementary school, the psychologists at the university of chicagol1 sian beilock and susan levine found a surprising relationship between what female teachers think and what female students learn:

2、if a female女 teacher is uncomfortable with her own math skills, then her female students are more likely to believe that boys are better than girls at math.在最新一项关于小学生学数学的研究中，芝加哥大学的心理学家sian beilock和susan levine 发现，女教师的想法和女学生的学习之间有着惊人的联系：如果女教师对自己的数学能力感到焦虑，她的女学生很可能认为男孩子数学比女孩学得更好。if these girls keep get

3、ting math-anxious female teachers2 in later grades, it may create a snowball effect on their math achievement3, said levine. in other words, girls may end up learning math anxiety from their teachers4. the study suggests that if these girls grow up believing that boys are better at math than girls a

4、re, then these girls may not do as well as they would have if they were more confident.如果一直由对数学有焦虑的女教师教授数学，就会对她们的数学成绩产生雪球效应，levine说。换言之，女孩子们最后从老师那里获得的是对数学的焦虑。该研究表明，如果女孩子们在一个认为男孩比女孩数学好的环境中成长，那么她们的数学可能会不如在更自信的状态下学得好。just as students find certain subjects to be difficult, teachers can find certain subj

5、ects to be difficult to learn - and teach. the subject of math can be particularly difficult for everyone. researchers use the word anxiety to describe such feelings: anxiety is uneasiness or worry.如同学生，教师也会觉得某些学科难学和难教，这就是研究者所言的焦虑：不自在或担心。the new study found that when a teacher has anxiety about math

6、, that feeling can influence how her female students feel about math. the study involved 65 girls, 52 boys and 17 first- and second-grade teachers in elementary schools in the midwest. the students took math achievement tests at the beginning and end of the school year, and the researchers compared

7、the scores.此研究发现，教师对数学的焦虑能够传染给她的女学生们。该研究的研究对象包括65个女孩，52个男孩和17位在中西部教一二年级的教师。学生们在学年的开始和结束时都进行数学测试，研究者们比较得分。the researchers also gave the students tests to tell whether the students believed that a math superstar had to be a boy. then the researchers turned to the teachers: to find out which teachers w

8、ere anxious about math, the researchers asked the teachers how they felt at times when they came across math, such as when reading a sales receipt5. a teacher who got nervous looking at the numbers on a sales receipt, for example,was probably anxious about math.研究者们测试学生是否认为数学明星一定会是男孩。然后研究者们测试教师，试图找出

9、哪些教师对数学感到焦虑，研究者们问教师们当碰到数学问题诸如阅读销售清单时的感受，如果一位教师一看到销售清单的数字就感到紧张，那么她很可能对数学存在焦虑。boys,on average,were unaffected by a teachers anxiety. on average, girls with math-anxious teachers scored lower on the end-of-the-year math tests than other girls in the study did. plus,on the test showing whether someone t

10、hought a math superstar had to be a boy, 20 girls showed feeling that boys would be better at math - and all of these girls had been taught by female teachers who had math anxiety.平均来说，教师的焦虑不会影响到男孩子。但是，一般说来，如果教女孩子的教师有数学焦虑症，那么女孩子们在学年结束时测试得分比其他的女孩要低。另外，在关于是否认为数学明星应该是男孩的测试中，有20个女孩认为男孩数学比女孩好，这20个女孩的老师都是

11、女性，且都患有数学焦虑症。this is an interesting study, but the results need to be interpreted解释 as preliminary and in need of replication with a larger sample6, said david geary, a psychologist at the university of missouri7 in columbia.来自密苏里大学的心理学家david geary说这是一个有趣的研究，但是这只是初步结果，需要用更大的调查样本进行重复验证。练习：1. what is

12、the result of the research at the university of chicago, according to the first paragraph?根据第一段，芝加哥大学研究结果是什么？a. girls comfortable with their own math skills are better than boys at math.b. girls uncomfortable with their own math skills are not as good as boys at math.c. female teachers math skills h

13、ave influence over girl students math skills.d. female teachers confidence in their math skills is related to girls math skills.2. what is implied暗指的 in the third paragraph?第三段暗示什么？a. math teachers, like math learners, do not like the subject due to its difficulty.b. a difficult subject like math ma

14、y affect teachers confidence in teaching the subject.c. teachers are more anxious teaching math than their students learning math.d. math is so difficult that no teachers like to teach it.3. according to the experiment, those teachers were probably anxious about math when they felt根据实验当老师感觉到他们可能会对数学

15、感到焦虑。a. nervous memorizing the numbers of a sales receipt.b. helpless saving the numbers of a sales receipt.c. uneasy reading the numbers of a sales receipt.d. hopeless filling in the numbers of a sales report.4. the sixth paragraph tells us that the research findings第六段告诉我们研究发现。a. prove a strong li

16、nk between female teachers math anxiety and their female students math achievements.b. show that male students are less likely to be affected by their math anxiety than female students.c. provide strong evidence that math superstars are more likely to be males than females.d. discover a strong link

17、between teachers math anxiety and their students math achievements.5. david geary thinks thatdavid gearg 认为a. the study is interesting but it is based on unreliable research process.b. the research results need to be retested based再次测试 on a larger sample更大的调查样本.c. the research results need to be rei

18、nterpreted 重新解释to be meaningful意味深长.d. the study is well based and produces significant results.词汇：snowball /snub:l/雪球；滚雪球式增长的事 replication/replikein/ n 重复，复现superstar/sju:psta:/ n超级明星练习：1. university of chicago：芝加哥大学。位于美国伊利诺伊州芝加哥市，是世界一流的私立大学，创建于1891 年。2. keep getting math-anxious female teachers：一直

19、由对数学有焦虑感的女教师教授数学。此处getting是having的意思，math-anxious指的是上文中提到的对数学没有自信的心理状态。另见第三段最后一句对anxiety的解释。3. snowball effect on their math achievement：在数学成就上的雪球效应。其含义是：在数学上越来越没有信心。4. end up learning math anxiety from their teachers：最后从老师那里获得的是对数学的焦虑。end up doing something：最终会做某事5. sales receipt：销售清单6. in need of

20、replication with a larger sample：需要用更大的调查样本进行重复验证。replication在量化实证研究中的意思是“重复（实验）”。7. the university of missouri：密苏里大学。位于密苏里州，是美国一所公立研究型大学，创建于1839年。答案与题解：1.d 该段告诉我们女教师的想法（what female teachers think）和女学生的学习（what female students learn）之间有很大的关联度，也就是说，女教师如果对自己的数学技能没有自信，她的女学生很可能相信男孩子会在数学方面超过女孩子。2.b 第三段的大意

21、是，数学对任何人来说都可能有难度（the subject of math can be particularly difficult for everyone)，如同学生，教师也会觉得数学难学和难教，这就是研究者所言的焦虑。所以，可以推断，作者是要告诉我们，教师会因为数学这门学科的难度而对教授该课程不自信。其他选项都不是该段所要表达的内容。3.c 第五段第三句“to find out which teachers were anxious about math, the researchers asked the teachers how they felt at times when the

22、y came across math,such as when reading a sales receipt”指出了答案。memorizing the numbers；意为“记住数字”；saving the numbers意为“保存数字”；filling in the numbers意为“陆续编入数字”，而且文中没有提到a sales report；它们均不是答案。4.a 短文的第六段是对前一段所述调查数据结果的讨论，即，男学生较少受对数学有焦虑感的教师影响，而那些数学成绩较低的女生都有对数学有焦虑感的教师（girls with math-anxious teachers scored lo

23、wer on the end-of-the-year math tests)，而且，所有认为男生数学肯定比女生强的女生，其数学教师都是有数学焦虑感的女教师（all of these girls had been taught by female teachers who had math anxiety. )。d所以不是正确的选择，因为只提到teachers 和students,而不是female teachers 和female students。5.b 根据david geary的说法，实验结果还是初步的（preliminary)，需要更大的样本对其进行重复验证（in need of replication with