2016英语一真题及答案[共16页]

1、2016 英语一真题及答案 【篇一： 2016 考研英语一真题及答案解析】=txtsection 1 use of english directions ： read the following text 。 choose the best word （s）for each numbered blank and mark a ， b ， c or d onanswer sheet 1 。 （10 points ）in cambodia ， the choice of aspouse is a complex one for the young male 。 it may involvenot

2、only his parents and his friends ， _1_those of the young woman ， but also a matchmaker 。 a young man can _2_ alikely spouse on his own and then ask his parents to _3_themarriage negotiations ， or the young man s parents may takethe choice of a spouse ， giving the child little to say in theselection

3、。 _4_ ， a girl may veto the spouse her parentshave chosen 。 _5_ a spouse has been selected ， eachfamily investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying_6_ a good family 。 the traditional wedding is a long and colorful affair 。 formerlyit lasted three days ， _7_1980s it more commonly lasted

4、 aday and a half 。 buddhist priests offer a short sermon and_8_ prayers of blessing 。 par-ts of the ceremony involveritual hair cutting ，_9_cotton threads soaked in holy wateraround the bride s and grooms wrists ， and _10_a candle around a circle ofhappily married and respected couples to bless the

5、_11_ 。newlyweds traditionally move in with the wifes parents and may_12_ with them up to a year ， _13_theycan build a new house nearby 。 divorce is legal and easy to _14_ ， but not common 。divorced persons are _15_ with some disapproval 。 eachspouse retains _16_ property he or she _17_ into the marr

6、iage ， and jointly-acquired property is _18_ equally 。divorced persons may remarry ， but a gender prejudice_19_up 。 the divorced male doesn t have a waiting periodbefore he can remarry _20_the woman must wait ten months 。1。 a。 by way of b 。 with regard to c 。 on behalf of d 。 aswell as2。 a。 decide o

7、n b 。 provide forc 。 compete withd 。 adapt to3。 a。 close b 。 arrange c 。 renew d 。 postpone4。 a。 in theoryb 。 above all c 。 in time d 。 for example5。 a。 unlessb 。 less c 。 after d 。 although6。 a。 into b 。 within c 。 from d 。 through7。 a。 or b 。 since c 。 but d 。 so8。 a。 test b 。 copy c 。 recite d 。

8、create9。 a。 foldingb 。 piling c 。 wrapping d 。 tying10。 a。 passingb 。 lighting c 。 hiding d 。 serving11。 a。 association b 。 meeting c 。 collection d 。 union12。 a。 deal b 。 part c 。 grow d 。 live13。 a。 whereasb 。 until c 。 ford 。 if14。 a。 avoid b 。 follow c 。 challenge d 。 obtain15。 a。 isolatedb 。 pe

9、rsuaded c 。 viewed d 。 exposed16。 a。 whereverb 。 whatever c 。 whenever d 。 however17。 a。 changedb 。 brought c 。 shaped d 。 pushed18。 a。 investedb 。 divided c 。 donated d 。 withdrawn19。 a。 warmsb 。 clears c 。 shows d 。 breaks20。 a。 while b 。 so that c 。 once d 。 in that1。标准答案 das well as考点分析 本题考察逻辑关系

10、选项分析 因为考察逻辑关系，所以需要我们先对填空前后的原文信息做定位分析：文章身处大环境 not only 。but also 之中，这是一个明显的并列关系，表示 “不仅 而且 ”该空与前一句“his parents and his friends 也是”并列关系，表示 “与他本人以及伴侣的父母朋友相关 ”所以答案只能是 d。 as well as 。a。 by way of 通过b。 with regard to 关于 c。 on behalf of 代表2。 标准答案 a decide on考点分析 上下文语义选项分析 根据该句的主语a young man 与宾语a likely spou

11、se的关系，答案只能是 a。 decide on 决定。表示自己决定自己的对 象。b。 provide for为 提供准备c 。 compete with 与 竞争 d。 adapt to 适用3。 标准答案 barrange考点分析 上下文语义及动词辨析选项分析 该句意思为，他可以自己选择自己中意的伴侣并让父母_ 相关事务。四个选项中， a。 close 关闭c renew 更新；恢复d postpone “推迟”，语义不正确，只有 b arrange 安排是符合语境。4。 标准答案 ain theory考点分析 上下文语义选项分析 逻辑判断题。主要是看前后两句的含义，前面是说“他可以自己选

12、择自己中意的伴侣并让父母安排相关事务，或者几乎不参与，完全让父母选择自己的对象。 ”空格后面说“女方可以拒绝她父母所选择的对象。 ”这两句之间没有举例说明的关系，且有一个 may ，更证明 a。 in theory 的正确性。而其他选项b。 above all 最重要的是， c 。 in time 准时d。 for example举例，均不符合题意。5。 标准答案 cafter考点分析 上下文语义选项分析 根据下文 “_a spouse has been selected ， eachfamily investigates the other 知 道”，只有对象选择好后，父母才会去调查研究对方

13、的背景。所以只有 after 才对。其他选项a。unless 除非，否则b。 lest 以免，唯恐 d。 although 尽管 都不符合题意。6。标准答案 ainto考点分析 上下文语义及介词词义辨析选项分析 这里主要是看 marry 与相关介词的固定搭配。这里marry into 就是指嫁到，而其他选项均没有这层含义。7。 标准答案 cbut考点分析 逻辑关系题选项分析 根据上文，说传统的婚礼时间跨度很长，但是到了 1980s ，婚礼只持续一天半。所以与前文发生转变。因此要选择 but转折关系。8。 标准答案 crecite考点分析 上下文语义及动词词义辨析选项分析 空格处需要填一个动词，

14、和后面的 prayers of blessing所搭配， c选项recite为背诵的意思，与所给短语搭配最为合理，译为“为祈祷者做祈福 ”。9。 标准答案 dtying【篇二： 2016 考研英语一真题及答案完整版】ss=txtsection use of englishdirections:read the following text. choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark a ，b，c or d on the answer sheet.(10 points) in cambodia, the choice of

15、a spouse is a complex one for theyoung male. it may involve not only his parents and his friends,_1_ those of the young woman, but also a matchmaker. ayoung man can _2_ a likely spouse on his own andthen askhis parents to 3 the marriage negotiations, or the youngmansparents may make the choice of a

16、spouse, giving thechild little to say in theselection. 4, a girl may veto the spouseher parents have chosen. 5aspouse has been selected, eachfamily investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying6 a good family. the traditional wedding is a long and colorful affair. formerly itlasted three

17、 days, _ 7 _ by the 1980s it more commonly lasteda day and a half. buddhist priests offer a short sermon and _ 8_ prayers of blessing. parts of the ceremony the bride s andgrooms wrists, and 10a candle around a circle of happily inwith the wife s parents and may12 with them up to ayear,13they can bu

18、ild a new house nearby. divorce is legal and easy to14 , but not common. divorcedpersons are15 with some disapproval. each sprouseretains16property he or she17into the marriage, and jointly-acquired property is18equally. divorced persons may remarry,but a gender prejudice19up: the divorced male does

19、n t have awaiting period before he can remarry20 the woman must waitten months.1.aby way ofbon behalf ofcas well asdwith regard to2.aadapt tobprovide forccompete with ddecide on3.aclose brenew carrangedpostpone4.aabove allbin theory cin timedfor example5.aalthoughblestcafter dunless 6.ainto bwithin

20、cfrom dthrough7.asincebbut cor dso8.acopybtest crecite dcreate9.afolding bpiling cwrapping dtying10.apassingblightingchiding dserving11. ameetingbcollection cassociationdunion12. agrowbpart cdealdlive 13. awhereasbuntil cifdfor14. aobtain bfollow cchallenge davoid15. aisolated bpersuadedcviewed dexp

21、osed16. awhateverbhowever cwhenever dwherever17.achangedbbrought cshapeddpushed 18.awithdrawnbinvestedcdonatedddivided 19. abreaks bwarms cshows dclears20.aso bwhile conce din that text 1 france, which prides itself as the global innovator of fashion,has decided its fashion industry has lost an abso

22、lute right todefine physical beauty for women. its lawmakers gavepreliminary approval last week to a law that would make it acrime to employ ultra-thin models on runaways. the parliamentalso agreed to ban websites that “incite excessive thinness ”by promoting extreme dieting. such measures have a co

23、uple of uplifting motives. theysuggest beauty should not be defined by looks that end upimp inging on health. that s a start. and the ban on ultra -thinmodels seems to go beyond protecting models from starvingthemselves to death-as some have done. it tells the fashionindustry that it must take respo

24、nsibility for the signal it sendswomen, especially teenage girls, about the social tape-measure they must use to determine their individual worth. the bans, if fully enforced,would suggest to women (and manymen) that they should not let others be arbiters of their beauty.and perhaps faintly,they hin

25、t that people should look tointangible qualities like character and intellect rather thandieting their way to size zero or wasp-waist physiques. the french measures, however, rely too much on severepunishment to change a culture that still regards beauty asskin-deep-and bone-showing. under the law,

26、using a fashionmodel that does not meet a government-defined index of bodymass could result in a $85,000 fine and six months in prison. the fashion industry knows it has an inherent problem infocusing on material adornment and idealized body types. indenmark, the united states, and a few other count

27、ries, it istrying to set voluntary standards for models and fashionimages that rely more on peer pressure for enforcement. in contrast to france s actions, denmark s fashion industryagreed last month on rules and sanctions regarding the age,health, and other characteristics of models. the newly revi

28、seddanish fashion ethical charter clearly states: “we are aware ofand take responsibility for the impact the fashion industry hason body ideals, especially on young people. ” the charter smain tool of enforcement is to deny access for designers andmodeling agencies to copenhagen fashion week (cfw),

29、which isrun by the danish fashion institute. but in general it relies on aname-and-shame method of compliance. relying on ethical persuasion rather than law to address themisuse of body ideals may be the best step. even better wouldbe to help elevate notions of beauty beyond the materialstandards of

30、 a particular industry. 21. according to the first paragraph, what would happen infrance?anew runways would be constructed. bphysical beauty would be redefined. cwebsites about dieting would thrive. dthe fashion industry would decline.22. the phrase “impinging on ” (line2, para.2) is closest in mean

31、ing toaheightening the value of. bindicating the state of. closing faith in. ddoing harm to.23. which of the following is true of the fashion industry? anew standards are being set in denmark.bthe french measures have already failed. cmodels are no longer under peer pressure.dits inherent problems a

32、re getting worse.24. a designer is most likely to be rejected by cfw forapursuing perfect physical conditions. bcaring too much about models character. cshowing little concern for health factors. dsetting a high age threshold for models.25. which of the following may be the best title of the text?aa

33、 challenge to the fashion industry s body idealsba dilemma for the starving models in francecjust another round of struggle for beauty dthe great threats to the fashion industry text 2 for the first time in history more people live in towns than inthe country. in britain this has had a curious resul

34、t. while pollsshow britons rate “the countryside ” alongside the royal family,shakespeare and the national health service (nhs) as whatmakes them proudest of their country, this has limited politicalsupport. a century ago octavia hill launched the national trust not torescue stylish houses but to sa

35、ve “the beauty of natural placesfor everyone forever. ” it was specifically to provide citydwellers with spaces for leisure where they could experience“a refreshing air. ” hill s pressures dlattoerthlee creation ofnational parks and green belts. they don t make countrysideany more, and every year co

36、ncrete consumes more of it. itneeds constant guardianship. at the next election none of the big parties seem likely toendorse this sentiment. the conservatives planning reformexplicitly gives rural development priority over conservation,even authorizing “o-fpflan ” building where local people mighto

37、bject. the concept of sustainable development has beendefined as profitable. labour likewise wants to discontinuelocal planning where councils oppose development. the liberaldemocrats are silent. only ukip, sensing its chance, has sidedwith those pleading for a more considered approach to usinggreen

38、 land. its campaign to protect rural england struck terrorinto many local conservative parties. the sensible place to build new houses, factories and officesis where people are, in cities and towns where infrastructure isin place. the london agents stirlingackroyd recently identifiedenough sites for

39、 half a million houses in the london area alone,with no intrusion on green belt. what is true of london is eventruer of the provinces. the idea that “housing crisis ” equals “concreted meadows ” ispure lobby talk. the issue is not the need for more houses but,as always, where to put them. under lobb

40、y pressure, georgeosborne favours rural new-build against urban renovation andrenewal. he favours out-of-town shopping sites against highstreets. this is not a free market but a biased one. rural townsand villages have grown and will always grow. they do so bestwhere building sticks to their edges a

41、nd respects theircharacter. we do not ruin urban conservation areas. why ruinrural ones? development should be planned, not let rip. after thenetherlands, br itain is europe s mostcrowded country. half a century of town and country planninghas enabled it to retain an enviable rural coherence, while

42、stillpermitting low-densityurban living. there is no doubt of the alternative the corruptedlandscapes of southern portugal, spain or ireland. avoidingthis rather than promoting it should unite the left and right ofthe political spectrum. 26. britain s public sentiment about the countryside_ adidn ts

43、tart till the shakespearean age.bhas brought much benefit to the nhs. cis fully backed by the royal family. dis not well reflected in politics. 27. according to paragraph 2, the achievements of the nationaltrust are now being_agradually destroyed. beffectively reinforced. clargely overshadowed. dpro

44、perly protected. 28. which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 3? alabour is under attack for opposing development. bthe conservatives may abandon “of-fplan ” building. cthe liberal democrats are losing political influence. dukip may gain from its support for rural conservation. 29. the

45、author holds that george osborne s preference_ ahighlights his firm stand against lobby pressure. bshows his disregard for the character of rural areas. cstresses the necessity of easing the housing crisis. dreveals a strong prejudice against urban areas. 30. in the last paragraph, the author shows

46、his appreciationof_athe size of population in britain.bthe political life in today ins. brita cthe enviable urban lifestyle in britain.dthe town-and-country planning in britain.text 3 “there is one and only one social responsibility of business, ”wrote milton friedman,a nobel prize- winning economis

47、t “that is,to use its resources and engage in activities designed toincrease its profits. ” but even if you accept fiedman s premiseand regard corporate social responsibility (csr) policies as awaste of shareholders money,things may not be absolutelyclear-cut.new research suggests that csr may creat

48、e monetaryvalue for companies at least when they are prosecuted forcorruption. the largest firms is america and britain together spend morethan $15 billion a year on csr , according to an estimate byepg,a consulting firm ,this could add value to their businessesin three ways.first, consumers may tak

49、e csr spending as a“signal ” that a company s products are of high quality.second,customers may be willing to buy a company s products as anindirect way to donate to the good causes is helps. and third,through a more diffuse “halo effect, ” whereby its good deedsearn it greater consideration from co

50、nsumers and others. previous studies on csr have had trouble differentiating theseeffects because consumers can beaffected by all three. a recent study attempts to separate themby looking at bribery prosecutions under america s foreigncorrupt practices act (fcpa). it argues that since prosecutorsdo

51、not consume a companys products as part of their investigations, they could be influenced only by the halo effect. the study found that, among prosecuted firms, those with themost comprehensivecsr programmes tendedto getmore lenientpenalties. their analysis ruled out the possibility that it wasfirms

52、 political influence, rather than their csr stand,thataccounted for the leniency: companies that contributed moreto political campaigns did not receive lower fines. in all, the study concludes that whereas prosecutors shouldonly evaluate a case based on its merits, they do seen toinfluenced by a com

53、 panys record in csr. we estimate thateither eliminating a substantial labour-rights concern, such aschild labour, or increasing corporate giving by about 20%results in fines that generally are 40% lower than the typicalpunishment for bribing foreign officials, says one researcher. researchers admit

54、 that their study does not answer thequestion of how much businesses ought to spend on csr. nordoes it reveal how much companies are banking on the haloeffect, rather than the other possible benefits, when theydecide their do-gooding policies. but at least havedemonstrated that whencompanies get int

55、o trouble with thelaw, evidence of good character can win them a less costlypunishment.31. the author views milton friedman s statement about csr witha tolerance b skepticism c uncertainty dapproval32. according to paragraph 2, csr helps a companyal winning trust from consumers. b guarding it agains

56、t malpractices. c protecting it from being defamed. d raising the quality of its products. 33.theexpression more lenient (line 2, para. 4)is closestinmeaning toal more effective.b less controversial. c less severe. d more lasting.34. when prosecutors evaluate a case, a companys csr recordal has an impact on their decision. b comes across as reliable evidence. cincreases the chance of being penalized. d constitutes part of the investigation. 35. which of the following is true of csr, according to the lastparagraph ? al its ne