[高考]2016届高考英语二轮专题语法精练：状语从句和连词[原创首发]

1、2012届高考英语二轮专题复习精品语法十二、状语从句和连词诊断与对策.用方框内的词或短语完成下面的短文as if，because，however，in order to，no sooner，since，than，when，while，after 40yearold Lloyd Scott crossed the finishing line of the London Marathon yesterday 1. walking for 128 hours in a deep sea divers suit weighing 54 kilos.He did it 2. raise money f

2、or children with cancer.Mr. Scott once has cancer himself and has been living under its shadow 3. he was 27.4. he was moving very slowly on his way，his helpers were busy collecting money from the public.Our hero spent five days on the road and the nights in a camper van.5._ he got to the finish，he w

3、as greeted by Paula Radcliffe，winner of the womens race on Sunday.“It was very tiring because of the weight of the suit，” said Mr.Scott.“I often felt 6._ I just couldnt go any further.But I was determined to finish,7. hard it was.And Im pleased 8. Ive raised $100,000 for children with cancer.” But M

4、r.Scott isnt going to rest there.9. _ had he finished the marathon 10._ he was talking about his next projecta bike ride across Australia.单项填空1._ all of them are strong candidates，only one will be chosen for the post. (2011陕西，19)A.Since B.While C.If D.As解析while在句中意为“虽然，尽管”，引导让步状语从句。2.Time passes qui

5、ckly，doesnt it?Yes.It will be only a few months we take the 2012 College Entrance Examinations.A.since B.after C.before D.when 解析句意为：时间过得真快，是不是？是的，再过几个月我们就要参加2012年高考了。“It will be时间段beforethat.”表示“再过多长时间就”。3.I usually do the washingup and leave the cooking to my wife， shes a better cook than me.A.unl

6、ess B.even thoughC.as D.in case解析句意为：通常情况下我洗碗，我妻子做饭，因为和我相比，她是一个好厨师。as引导原因状语从句。4.He had little education that he couldnt teach little children.A.such；so B.so；suchC.such；such D.so；so解析当little作“少量”之意解释，修饰名词时，要用so.that.句型；当作“小的”之意解释，修饰名词时，要用such.that.句型。5.Why were you absent yesterday?I caught a cold， I

7、 had been walking around in the rain.A.but B.so C.and D.for解析句意为：昨天你为什么缺席了？我感冒了，因为之前我一直在雨中行走。for在这里表示原因，其他连词不符合逻辑。备考策略1.掌握连词意义，判断从句种类。连词是用来连接词、短语、从句和句子的词，是一种虚词。根据在句中所起的作用，连词可分为并列连词和从属连词两类。高考复习时，要熟悉每个连词的语意和语用特征，尤其像as，since这样用法灵活的词；像before，until，unless这样不易掌握的词；像as，when，while，since，because，if，in case这些

8、不易区分的词，要系统掌握状语从句的分类情况及各类状语从句中经常使用的连词。2.区分常用句型结构，掌握时间状语从句。英语中有一些表示时间的句型，容易混淆，要注意积累并且进行比较。特别要注意以下句型：Its/It has been一段时间since.；It is/was具体时间点when.；It will be/was一段时间before.；It is/was时间状语that.等。考点与考题考点一丰富多彩的“一就”和引导时间状语从句的名词短语1.as soon as，once2.immediately，instantly，directly等副词3.on动名词4.no sooner.than.，ha

9、rdly/scarcely.when/before.5.the moment，the minute，the second，the instant6.at the sight of一看到，at the thought of一想到，at the sound of一听到7.the hour，the day，the month，the year，every/each time，the first/second.time，next/any time等我一看到他就知道他是我以前的朋友亨利。(翻译)The moment/minute/second I saw him I knew he was my for

10、mer friend，Henry.考题印证1.The girl had hardly rung the bell the door was opened suddenly，and her friend rushed out to greet her. (2010福建，26)A.before B.until C.as D.since解析句意为：这个女孩刚一按门铃，门就突然开了，她的朋友冲出去迎接她。before在之前，还没有；until直到才；as当时候；since自从以来。根据句意选A项。题干中hardly.before.实际上为一固定句式，意思是“刚就”，相当于hardly.when.。2.

11、He had no sooner finished his speech the students started cheering. (2011辽宁，29)A.since B.as C.when D.than解析no sooner.than.“一就”，固定搭配。3. they decide which college to go to，students should research the admission procedures.(2010北京，30)A.As B.While C.Until D.Once解析句意为：学生们一旦决定上哪一所大学，就应该查询一下入学的程序。根据语境，这里应该

12、用once引导条件状语从句，表示“一旦”。考点二before引导时间状语从句时的特殊意义1.如果强调由before引导的从句动作发生在主句之后，汉语应译成“(后)才”。2.如果主句的谓语动词是否定形式，则译成“不久”，这时从句放在句末。3.用于before sb.knew it的习惯用语中译为“不知不觉就”。4.如果强调由before引导的从句动作发生之前，主句的动作已经发生，从句谓语动词可译为“还没来得及就”。5.before还可译作“与其(宁愿)”。没等我说什么，霍姆斯就急匆匆直奔车站了。(翻译)Before I could say something，Homles had rushed

13、off towards the station.考题印证1.John thinks it wont be long he is ready for his new job. (2010陕西，20)A.when B.after C.before D.since解析句意为：约翰认为他不久就会为他的新工作做好准备。It wont be long before.是一个常用的句式，意思是“不久就会”。2.You cant borrow books from the school library_ you get your student card.A.before B.if C.while D.as解析

14、before意为“之后才能”，符合题意。if“如果”，表示条件；while引导的时间状语从句谓语动词必须是延续性的；as侧重主从句动作同时发生。考点三when和while的特殊意义when和while除了引导时间状语从句，译为“当时”，还有以下特殊用法：1.when可用作并列连词，意为“此时，那时”，常构成如下搭配：be on the point of doing.when.；be about to do.when.；be doing.when.；had just done.when.。while也可用作并列连词，意为“而，却”，表对比。2.when可用来引导条件状语从句，相当于if；也可引导

15、让步状语从句，译为“虽然，尽管”；还可表示原因，译为“既然”。3.while引导让步状语从句(常放在主句前)，译为“虽然，尽管”。她去上班明明坐火车很方便，为什么总要自己开车呢？(完成句子)Why does she always drive to work when she could easily take the train?考题印证1.One Friday，we were packing to leave for a weekend away my daughter heard cries for help. (2011浙江，4)A.after B.while C.since D.whe

16、n解析句意为：一个周五，我们正在打包去度周末，就在这时我女儿听到了求救声。表示“正在做就在这时(突然)”用be doing sth.when.，所以D项正确。2.I wonder how much you charge for your services.The first two are free the third costs $30.A.while B.until C.when D.before解析考查while作并列连词的用法。答语意为“前两个免费，而第三个值30美元。”3. volleyball is her main focus，shes also great at basketb

17、all. (2011北京，29)A.Since B.Once C.Unless D.While解析while在此相当于though，意为“尽管”，引导让步状语从句。考点四常见的几种as引导让步状语从句的倒装方式1.如果从句的谓语部分为“不及物动词副词”时，常将从句中的副词提到从句的句首。Hard as you try，you will not succeed.2.如果从句的谓语部分为“情态动词不及物动词”时，常将这个不及物动词提到从句的句首。Wait as you may，he will not see you.3.如果从句的谓语部分是“系动词形容词”，则常将形容词提到从句的句首。Proud

18、as the nobles are，they are afraid to see me.4.如果从句的谓语部分是“系动词单数名词”，则常将这个作表语的名词提前，但这个名词前面的不定冠词常省略。Child as he is，he can tell right from wrong.5.如果从句的谓语部分是“及物动词宾语”，可将动词和宾语提前，在原位置加上助动词。Lose his money as he did，he learnt a lot.As a teacher she is，she doesnt know everything.(改错)Teacher as she is，she doesn

19、t know everything.考题印证1. ，his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting.A.Strange as might it soundB.As it might sound strangeC.As strange it might soundD.Strange as it might sound解析句意为：尽管他的想法听起来有些奇怪，但与会的所有人都接受了。as引导让步状语从句时，作表语的形容词要前置，但as后仍为陈述语序。2.Unsatisfied with the payment，he took the jo

20、b just to get some work experience.A.as was he B.as he wasC.he was as D.was he as解析as引导让步状语从句时，从句的表语、状语、谓语部分的实义动词可以前置到句首；本题中是将表语unsatisfied提到了句首。3. ，I have never seen anyone whos as capable as John.A.As long as I have traveledB.Now that I have traveled too muchC.Much as I have traveledD.As I have tr

21、aveled too much解析as引导让步状语从句时，用倒装语序。句中有副词时，常把副词提前，故答案为C。考点五两组词义辨析1.because，as，since，for，now that(1) because的语气最强，表示直接原因，可放在主句之前或之后，回答why提出的问题时，只能用because。(2)as和since都表示人们已知的原因，即对已知事实提供理由。since比as的语气稍强，且比as正式。它们引导的从句通常放在主句之前，有时也放在主句之后。(3)now that同since相似，语气较弱，强调人们已知的事实。(4)for是并列连词，所引导的分句一般放在句末，其前用逗号，它

22、所叙述的理由是间接的，即推测性理由，或是对前面叙述的事实或看法的补充说明。因为下雨，所以他没有外出。(翻译)He didnt go out because it was raining.2.when，while，as(1)when既可表示时间段也可表示时间点，所引导的从句动词可以是延续性的，也可是短暂性的。(2)while表示时间段或过程，强调主从句的行为或状态同时发生或存在，从句的谓语动词必须是延续性的。(3)as侧重主从句的行为同时发生，常译为“随着；一边一边”。(4)when从句的谓语动作可以在主句谓语动作之前、之后或同时发生；while和as从句的谓语动作必须与主句谓语动作同时发生。她

23、一边沿着湖边走，一边欢快地唱着歌。(翻译)She sang happily as she walked along the lake.考题印证1.The students respect their head teacher ，although she is strict，she is fair.A.since B.onceC.that D.because解析句意为：学生们都很尊敬他们的班主任老师，因为她尽管很严格但是很公平。because语气最强，表示直接的原因，although she is strict，she is fair就是直接原因，故选D。since表示人们已知的原因，对已知事实

24、提供理由；once“一旦”；that不表示原因。2.The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair _ he wanted to sit next to his wife. (2010辽宁，29)A.although B.unlessC.because D.if解析句意为：那位老者要求露西坐另一把椅子，因为他想与妻子紧挨着坐在一起。although虽然，尽管；unless除非；because因为；if如果。由句意知选C。3.John plays basketball well， his favorite sport is badminton.A.

25、so B.or C.yet D.for解析句意为：约翰篮球打得很好，然而他最喜欢的运动(却)是羽毛球。由句意可知逗号前后为转折关系，故只有C项符合题意。4.Peter was so excited he received an invitation from his friend to visit Chongqing.A.where B.thatC.why D.when解析句意为：收到朋友让他去重庆的邀请，彼得很兴奋。when表示“当时候”，引导时间状语从句，符合题意。where表示地点；so.that.“如此以致于；如此以便”；why表原因。题点与题组命题点正确选择引导状语从句的连词1.The police officers in our city work hard the rest of us