《左传·曹刿论战》（Zuo caogui controversy）.doc

1、左传曹刿论战（Zuo caogui controversy）Zuo caogui controversyThe caogui controversy :Ten years 1 spring, Qi division 2 cut me 3. The public 4 will fight. See you later. The local people said: 5 and carnivorous, whatBetween 6 and Yan? GUI said: 7 is not far to seek the rustic meat eater. Come into view. Q: wh

2、y battle 8? Said: the food and clothingBy the way, Eph, dare, specifically, 9, will also be sub 10. The 11 said: without bias Xiaohui 12, also from the people. Said: sacrificeAn 13, 14 will also dare not to the letter 15. Said: small letter Fu 16, God Fufu 17. Words:Small big jail 18, although 19 ca

3、n not observe 20, will love 21. Said: loyalty is also 22, can a war 23.War, please from 24.The Duke and the battle was joined at Changshao 26 by 25. 27 of drums. GUI said: not. The people of the three drum. GUI said: Carry on. Qi division defeat 28. The public will drive 29. GUI said: not. Under the

4、 track of 30, 31 and Wang Deng Mu said:Yes. Then 32 Qi division.Both grams 33, the public asked its reason, 34. Replied: the husband war, courage is 35. 36 37 and then done in one vigorous effort, decline, and threeExhausted. Bijiewoying 38 grams, so. Her country, 39 is also the fear of unpredictabl

5、e, 40 Fu yan. I see the point of chaos, its name at 41,Hence.notes:1 ten years: that is, Lu Zhuang ten years, 684 bc. 2 Division: army. 3: I was so Hengyu, said LuThe state is I. 4 Gong: Lu zhuang. 5 meat eaters: people who eat meat. Here refers to those in authority. 6: participation. 7 bi:Shallow.

6、 Here is short-sighted, lack of insight. Why does 8 fight: what battle, what battle?. For: use, rely on,By. 9 food and clothing, ANN, dare not only specialized: Food and clothing, these health things, dare not enjoy alone. Ann: Yes, I do. F: No.Exclusive: proprietary. 10 he must divide the people: h

7、e must divide them with them, and he must divide them. Answer: 11,Answer。 12 brings over: times, in general. 13: with the ancient ritual sacrifice peace offerings. Sacrifice: of pigs, cattle,Sheep. Silk: silk. 14: xukua. This is to say less. 15 letter: faithfulness. It means telling the truth to god

8、.16 small letter not Fu: (this is just) small credit, failed to (by God full) trust. F: convincing. 17 Fu: hereUsed as a verb, blessing, blessing. 18 prison: the case. 19 though: even. 20: Well, clear observation. 21 love: the truth.22 loyalty is also: This is done their own kind of thing. Loyalty:

9、try your best to do your duty. 23 can fight one battle: one battle, but oneFight by virtue of (a condition). By: by virtue of. 24 war, please: if you fight, please allow me to follow. 25 Gong and heHe sat by Zhuang and a chariot. The caogui refers to. 26: name of Lu long spoon. 27 drums: beat the dr

10、um. Drum: verb,Just beat the drum. Ancient warfare,Beat the drum, order, March. The following three drums, which is the three beat, ordered the army to attack. 28:Defeated. 29 Chi: drive after. 30 point: wheel rolling across the ground traces. 31 Shi: Ancient bars in front of the car, for aCar armre

11、st, here is used as a verb, Fu shi. 32: then. Chase: theres the chase here. 33 already.K: victory over. 34: reason, reason. 35 battle, courage: fight, rely courage. Husband: words, nonsense.36 a drum: the first drum. To excite and cheer up. 37 again: second times. 38 surplus: full of. This means tha

12、t morale is vigorous.39 measurements: guess, estimate. 40 volts: ambush. 41: fall.explanation:This article the caogui controversy is from Zuo Zhuan in short excerpts. Spring and autumn when the caogui is luguoren, he might have,Insight, also have strategy, once for Lu Zhuang public has done a lot of

13、 things. During the spring and Autumn period, Qi and Lu Qi are neighbors, more powerful, more LuSmall and weak。 Lu Zhuang Gong ten years (before 684) spring, Qi HuanGong white because helped with his son. In the dispute, to seek revenge FaluChina. The two countries fought a long battle. For Lu, this

14、 is a time to defend the country against the enemies, the nature of the war with justice.What Cao Li is talking about is the long spoon battle.The caogui controversy this essay can be divided into four paragraphs. The following paragraph is explained, the first paragraph of the original text is: ten

15、 years of spring.,Qi cut me down. Common will fight.See you later. The local people said: the carnivorous plan, what room? GUI said: the meat eaters are vulgar, not far awaySeek. But in the first paragraph, is the beginning of the story, here, the war time and attacks, ready to resist the Lu QiThe s

16、ituation is briefly explained. However, the direct description of historical events is very few words, we can clearly see that the author is to writeThe emphasis is placed on the caogui the historical figure of the body. How do you describe this character? The author wrote the caogui and local peopl

17、es words,These two sentences are excellent. It showed that the caogui superior insight and courage as the figure out, let meWe have, in person, left a deep impression on us. In addition, the two dialogue from the side told us, the local peopleIs not sensible, meat eater is decadent and incompetent,

18、and thus in the contrast between characters and characters, and further,Outstanding character caogui. Two simple dialogues play an important role in portraying characters. Language requirements of literatureAsked to name the most concise, meaning with the least words, this is the so-called concise f

19、oot. From these two dialogues, we can see that.Come, Zuo Zhuan has the characteristics of this article is the concise foot.The second section the caogui controversy is written after the caogui see Duke Zhuang, two of them talk. Three on the basis of Zhuang said that he had.Three conditions for war;

20、the first is for the bureaucratic aristocracy,The second one is the God of heaven and earth, but only third are good deeds for the people.Caogui denied before two, one must have third, which showed his superior insight. He had come to realize that he wanted to defeat the enemyWe must rely on the peo

21、ple of such a right way, so he and Lu zhuanggong talk, not to discuss military weapons and number,The vehicle equipment, and focus on the most important political foundation, on the expression of the will of the people. This view is undoubtedly for the ancientsAdvanced, wise. Here, to compare the fr

22、ont caogui said the meat eaters are vulgar, Yuanmou not that sentence, we for CaoCut the character, as well as from the conversation of his knowledge, will understand more clearly. The content of this paragraph is very important, it isBased in the fight against the enemy and win guarantee, so the au

23、thor uses more ink, accounted for 1/3 of the length of the text. The threeThe questions and answers were very compact. A basis for defeating the enemy was overturned, and then second were put forward, one after another, just three timesThe sentences in the column are lively and the article is full o

24、f waves. Long spoon war is a war against the weak power, caogui asked Lu zhuanggong with whatConditions for fighting the enemy are the very concerns of our readers. So, every time we listen to Zhuang, we speak of a basis, and we all hold it for the state of LuA glimmer of hope, so V, until the caogu

25、i say when a war, our hearts to put down the suspense. This passageThe psychological response caused by readers is also choppy.The second paragraph is about preparations for the war. As a story, it is the stage of development of the plot. The following third sections are written about specific war s

26、cenes,Its the climax. This section is written specifically after a long spoon war, when I read this passage, we should pay special attention to the Zuo ZhuanThe authors outstanding achievements in the tailoring of the article. A country of war scenes, can write too many things, but only write Hengyu

27、Drum and division by teacher two things, this is the best cut of the article. The author consciously neglected the general situation on the battlefield and omittedThings that are not closely related to the characteristics of the war, so that the two most important things remaining are also obtained

28、in a concise narrativeOutstanding performance. We look further, even if the drum and by the teacher two things, the author did not make literal narration,Command caogui just repeatedly said not and can do four words - this is the wonderful cut. In this way, at leastThere are two advantages. The firs

29、t is in line with the actual situation, and in the time of intense fighting, Cao can only make judgments and decisions with concise wordsIt is impossible to give a detailed account of the process or reason for his observation or inference. Cao said only four words, but also to a certain extent to co

30、nvey the battlefieldAn atmosphere of tension. In the second aspect, this kind of writing also sets a foreshadowing for the discussion of the next paragraph, which makes the article colorful and fascinatingAnd each section has its own focus, closely linked with each other.Read the third paragraph, we

31、 also ask: why caogui military command? What is his basis? The author at lastParagraph are answered: both the G, I asked the public. Said: the husband war, courage. And then decline, done in one vigorous effort, three and exhaust. Bijiewoying, soKe zhi. Her country, are also the fear of ambush. I se

32、e the point of chaos, hope its popular, therefore by it. This is a caogui controversy commentCenter. The ancient battle into the drum, drum is to withdraw troops, soldiers releases assault command. For the first time, drums, soldiersCourage is enough, so that when the drums second times; done in one

33、 vigorous effort , courage is gradually fading down, so that and then decline until the ;When the three beat, the courage is over, so say three exhausting. On the battlefield of long spoon battle, the commander of Qi attacked three drums,Cao Guicai first beat, Lu, Lu outbraved the enemy soldiers, fi

34、nally defeated the enemy. So the caogui concluded:Bijiewoying grams, so. Caos view of this kind of strategy is very clever in terms of strategic thinking. The above is to explain beat the drum, then,Cao also explained that division by division. He went through the actual investigation, see the zhe chaos , its name, that is the real enemy rout rather than a meterThe plan proved not to retreat, the enemy ambush, the long straight down Chi led the army rushed to the retreat of the enemy and wo