2022届高考英语一轮复习练习 必修5 Unit 2 The environment课时作业

1、2022届高考英语一轮复习练习 必修5 unit 2 the environment课时作业2022届高考英语一轮复习练习 必修5 unit 2 the environment课时作业年级：姓名：十四必修5unit 2the environment. 阅读理解a(2021滨州模拟)a first-year undergraduate student in chengdu, recently complained online that her mother refused to raise her monthly allowance to 4, 500 yuan ($ 633) even wh

2、en she said her current allowance 2, 000 yuan was not enough to cover her expenses, sparking a debate on how much money a college student needs per month. one expert shares his views on the issue with china daily: students should pursue education, not comfort. even for a college student studying in

3、a first-tier city in china, 2, 000 yuan is enough to cover all his or her monthly expenses. in fact, for a college student in chengdu a monthly allowance of 2, 000 yuan is more than enough. according to a survey conducted by a bookkeeping platform, the average monthly expense for an undergraduate in

4、 cities other than beijing, shanghai and hangzhou was less than 2, 000 yuan in 2019; for chengdu, it was 1, 900 yuan. claiming that she can hardly afford new clothing and cosmetics with her 2, 000 yuan monthly allowance, the undergraduate student in chengdu criticized her mother for refusing to rais

5、e her pocket money. her “meager” allowance, she said, prevented her from buying branded goods that her hostel-mates enjoyed. by the time a person enters a college, she or he should have developed a healthy consumption habit. and a youth should adjust her or his consumption according to her or his fa

6、mily income. on a deeper level, the money they spend in college should depend on how much they value their parents hard work. besides, some college students could take up part-time jobs to meet their monetary needs if they feel their parents dont or cant send them enough money. in this way they can

7、also learn to meet the requirements of life in the future and develop healthy consumption habits. more importantly, they should always bear in mind that education is their top priority in college. 【文章大意】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了大学生在校每月的生活费开销以及人们对此的看法。1. whats the experts attitude to the issue about the underg

8、raduate student?a. he was critical. b. he was neutral. c. he was supportive. d. he was unconcerned. 【解析】选a。推理判断题。根据文章第一段中one expert shares his views on the issue with china daily: students should pursue education, not comfort. (一位专家与中国日报分享了他对这个问题的看法:学生应该追求教育, 而不是安逸。)可判断出, 专家对这位大学生的做法是持批评态度的。故选a。2. i

9、n 2019, the undergraduates average monthly expense in hangzhou was_. a. more than 2, 000 yuanb. 633 dollarsc. less than 2, 000 yuand. 1, 900 yuan【解析】选a。细节理解题。根据文章第二段中according to a survey conducted by a bookkeeping platform, the average monthly expense for an undergraduate in cities other than beiji

10、ng, shanghai and hangzhou was less than 2, 000 yuan in 2019. ( 据一个记账平台开展的一项调查显示, 2019年, 北京、上海和杭州以外的城市大学生月平均消费不足2 000元。)可知, 2019年杭州大学生每月的消费不低于2 000元。故选a。3. which of the following best explains “meager” in paragraph 3?a. empty. b. pitiful. c. mean. d. fruitful. 【解析】选b。词义猜测题。根据文章第三段中prevented her from

11、buying branded goods that her hostel-mates enjoyed(阻止她购买她的室友喜欢的名牌商品)可知, 她认为父母给的零花钱很少, 很“可怜的”, 不够花。故“meager”应意为“可怜的”。故选b。4. what does the last paragraph mainly talk about?a. college students should keep their expenses in line with their family conditions. b. college students consumption level is dete

12、rmined by their parents. c. college students should take up a part-time job to cover their expenses. d. college students should deal with their living expenses problems reasonably. 【解析】选d。段落大意题。最后一段主要讲述了大学生应该合理地处理他们的生活费用问题。故选d。【知识拓展】 长难句分析a first-year undergraduate student in chengdu, recently compl

13、ained online that her mother refused to raise her monthly allowance to 4, 500 yuan ($633) even when she said her current allowance 2, 000 yuan was not enough to cover her expenses, sparking a debate on how much money a college student needs per month. (第一段第一句)分析:本句是主从复合句。a first-year undergraduate s

14、tudent in chengdu, recently complained online that是主句, 后面含有complain的宾语从句。宾语从句中when she said her current allowance 2, 000 yuan was not enough to cover her expenses, 是when引导的时间状语从句, 状语从句中含有said的宾语从句。sparking a debate on how much money a college student needs per month是现在分词短语作结果状语, 后面how much money a c

15、ollege student needs per month是on 的宾语从句。翻译:一个在成都一年级的本科学生, 最近在网上抱怨她的母亲拒绝提高她的每月津贴至4 500元(633美元), 即使她说她目前津贴2 000元不足以支付她的费用, 引发讨论大学生每月需要多少钱。bits no secret that theres an abundance of fascinating places to visit in japan. but as you plan your trip, dont overlook the all-important question: what do i want

16、 to do?find the themed cafe of your dreamsyou might dislike the common cafes, but japans are in a different league altogether. theres a cafe or restaurant for every interest. maybe you want to pet cats, eat while surrounded by your favorite cartoon characters, or dine in a prison cell. wear a kimono

17、(和服)these elegant pieces of traditional clothing are often passed down through the generations of a family, and new ones cost thousands of dollars. luckily for tourists, more and more rental shops are turning up in traditional districts in tokyo. these stores offer one-day or overnight rental for me

18、n and women, giving you just enough time to take some photos around town. watch a sumo(相扑) matchbeing one of japans oldest sports, sumo is a martial art unlike any other. tournaments are held in multiple locations throughout the year. in tokyo, you can catch them at the ryogoku kokugikan in january,

19、 may, and september. join a tea ceremonythe ceremony is a kind of traditional japanese ideal, making it one of the best ways to experience japanese culture. an experienced host will guide you through each step, and you will sample a traditional sweet and one or more kinds of tea. 【文章大意】本文介绍了在日本旅游时可以

20、做的几件事情。5. what can you do in a themed cafe?a. have a dream. b. watch matches. c. take enough photos. d. have dinner in a prison room. 【解析】选d。细节理解题。根据主题咖啡馆介绍中的第三句, 可知在日本的主题咖啡馆, 你可以像在监狱牢房一样的房间里用餐, 故答案为d。6. when can you enjoy a sumo match in tokyo?a. in january. b. in february. c. in october. d. throug

21、hout the year. 【解析】选a。细节理解题。根据看相扑比赛介绍中的最后一句, 可知在东京, 你可以在1月、5月和9月于两国国技馆看相扑比赛, 故答案为a。7. what is the best way to experience traditional japanese ideal?a. wear a kimono. b. join a tea ceremony. c. watch a sumo match. d. find the themed cafe of your dreams. 【解析】选b。细节理解题。根据文章最后一段第一句, 可知茶道是体验日本传统思想最好的方式之一,

22、 故答案为b。8. where can the text come from?a. a history textbook. b. a geography magazine. c. a guidebook about japan. d. a science report about culture. 【解析】选c。文章出处题。综合整篇文章, 可知文章主要介绍了在日本旅游时, 可以做的几件事情, 应选自有关日本的旅游指南, 故答案为c。【知识拓展】 佳词积累fascinating adj. 迷人的 surrounded adj. 围绕的elegant adj. 优雅的. 阅读填句caring fo

23、r trees, plants and animalsyou may have heard that some plants and animals are endangered. what does that mean exactly? endangered means there are very few of that kind still alive. someday they might become extinct. 1. plant wild flowers. 2. and plant them in your garden or on nature strips where p

24、lants are usually grown. restoring the local plant life will help attract native bird life, pollinators and local mammals. 3. why not welcome these non-human neighbors into your yard? heres how to do it. instead of mowing(除草) the entire yard, leave a few sections unmowed. 4. provide a source of wate

25、r, like a bird bath or a small pond. dont try to get rid of snakes, lizards, frogs, moles, squirrels, and the other creatures, many of which are beneficial. clean up litter in your community. many groups use the weekend of earth day to clear roadways, highways and neighborhood streets of litter that

26、 has accumulated since the last clean-up day. 5. trees and plants help to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, clean pollution, secure soil in place to prevent erosion, and animals make our world become colorful. so, we should care for trees, plants and animals. a. welcome animals into your yardb. choos

27、e flowers that are native to your areac. you may wonder what people can do to help themd. bees, butterflies, and many other insects will find this invitinge. so planting trees is a long-lasting act you can do to celebrate earth dayf. encourage people to respect wild spaces by not damaging animal hab

28、itatsg. its a wonderful community project that you can do as an individual or with a group【文章大意】本文告诉我们该如何保护动植物。1. 【解析】选c。c项“你可能想知道人们能做些什么来帮助它们”引出下文, 下文都是围绕着人们可以做的事情展开的。2. 【解析】选b。题空下一句中“在你的院子中种植它们”的“它们”就是指b选项中的flowers。3. 【解析】选a。a项“欢迎动物到你的庭院”是下一段的小标题, 下文主要讲述保留一些自然的空间, 让小动物们来你的庭院。4. 【解析】选d。d项“蜜蜂、蝴蝶和许多其

29、他昆虫会觉得这很诱人”承接上文内容, “这”指的是“在你的庭院中, 有些地方就不要除草了”。5. 【解析】选g。g项“这是一个很棒的社区项目, 你可以作为个人或团队来做”支撑该段小标题“清理你的社区垃圾”。【知识拓展】佳词积累endangered adj. 濒临灭绝的extinct adj. 灭绝的emission n. 排放. 语法填空my brother, sister and i love 1. _(rain) days. we enjoy 2. _(play) in the rain very much. there is a very shallow stream near our

30、house. each time 3. _ rains, we go there to sail our paper boats. the rain 4. _(make) the water in the stream 5. _ (deep) and it is 6. _(excite) to watch the swift currents flow over the stones, carrying away leaves and grass. we watch 7. _(careful) as our paper boats are sailing in the water. they

31、then sail swiftly down the stream and we often wonder 8. _ they finally end up. sometimes, we run 9. _ the rain, throw stones into the puddles of water and watch the ripples of water growing bigger and bigger. the water looks 10. _ rings of silver as the shining raindrops fall onto the surface. 【文章大

32、意】下雨天也别有一番风味。1. 【解析】rainy。考查形容词。形容词修饰名词days, 故填rainy。2. 【解析】playing。考查非谓语动词。enjoy后接动词的-ing形式, 故填playing。3. 【解析】it。考查代词。当表示无生命的金钱、时间、距离、天气的时候, 常用代词it作主语, 故填it。4. 【解析】makes。考查动词时态。该句中讲述的是我们的喜好, 这是经常性的事实, 应使用一般现在时态, 故填makes。5. 【解析】deeper。 考查形容词比较级。下雨的时候, 小溪的水量会增加, 故小溪的水应该是更深了, 故填deeper。6. 【解析】exciting。

33、 考查非谓语动词。该句的真正主语是to watch the swift currents flow over the stones, 这里是物作主语, 故应该用excite的-ing形式。7. 【解析】carefully。考查副词。副词修饰动词watch, 故填carefully。8. 【解析】where。考查宾语从句。我们对纸船漂向何处感到好奇, 指地点, 应该用引导词where。9. 【解析】in。考查介词。我们喜欢下雨天, 所以此处应该是在雨中跑, 故填in。10. 【解析】like。考查固定搭配。该句为比喻句, look like看起来像, 那些涟漪看起来就像是银环, 故填like。【

34、知识拓展】佳词积累shallow adj. 狭窄的sail v. 航行swift adj. 迅速的ripple n. 涟漪. 阅读理解lego is considering a brick rental scheme in an attempt to cut down on plastic waste. the danish toymaker has promised to make all its bricks from sustainable(可持续的) sources by 2030 and is ploughing significant resources into finding

35、alternatives. tim brooks, vice-president responsible for sustainability, said the company was “totally open” to the idea of a product rental scheme but acknowledged that lost pieces could cause a significant problem. he said the rental scheme was “possible” but admitted there were some “technical ba

36、rriers”, one of which is the complexity of some lego kits(配套元件), many of which contain thousands of pieces. “ what are the chances of giving them to an eight-year-old child and getting them all back again?” mr brooks added. “there is a lot of technical thinking that needs to be done. we are right at

37、 beginning of that. ” mr brooks said lego was exploring several ideas with a view to producing the highest value from products while consuming the least amount of resources. he said many would “probably never see the light of day” and there was no current plan to try a rental scheme. lego has come u

38、nder increasing pressure to reduce its carbon footprint amid growing international alarm about the impact of plastic waste on the environment. it manufactures 19 billion pieces per year36, 000 a minutethat are made only of plastic while much of the internal packaging is also plastic. so far, the onl

39、y breakthrough has been the development of a line of bricks made from plant-based plastic sourced from sugarcane. the green trees, plants and flowers were first included in lego sets late last year but account for only one-two percent of the total amount of plastic elements produced. henrik ostergaa

40、rd nielson, a production supervisor in legos factory in billund, told the new york times last year, “we need to learn again how to do this. ”【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了乐高为减少塑料浪费, 乐高考虑出租积木。这家丹麦玩具制造商承诺, 到2030年, 所有的积木都将采用可持续能源生产, 并投入大量资源寻找替代能源。1. how will lego cut down on plastic waste?a. by considering a br

41、ick rental scheme. b. by producing a new kind of toys instead of bricks. c. by replacing common plastic with a renewable material. d. by investing large amounts of money into market. 【解析】选c。细节理解题。根据文章的内容, 为减少塑料浪费, 乐高公司正考虑积木出租计划。这家丹麦玩具制造商承诺, 到2030年前使用可持续材料制造所有的积木, 并且正在投入大量资源寻找替代品。由此可知, 乐高通过用可再生材料代替普通

42、塑料的方式减少塑料浪费。故选c。2. what does tim brooks expect of the product rental scheme?a. itll cause certain serious problems. b. itll be of great complexity. c. itll require more mature technical skills. d. itll involve much more kits of bricks. 【解析】选c。 推理判断题。根据文章第二段中 “he said. . . thousands of pieces. ”可知出租计

43、划是“可行的”, 但承认有一些“技术壁垒”。还需要思考很多技术问题。由此判断出, tim brooks认为产品出租计划需要更成熟的技术技能。故选c。3. what does the underlined word “many” in paragraph 3 refer to?a. ideas. b. values. c. products. d. resources. 【解析】选a。词义猜测题。根据文章第三段中“mr brooks said lego was exploring several ideas with a view to producing the highest value f

44、rom products while consuming the least amount of resources. ”(布鲁克斯说, 乐高正在探索几个想法, 以生产最高价值的产品, 同时消耗最少的资源。)可知, 此处的many指的是上文中乐高正在探索的想法。故选a。4. what can be inferred from the passage?a. lego has to explore a new product to earn a profit. b. a brick rental scheme has been put into mass production. c. plant-

45、based plastic is environmentally friendly. d. lego is optimistic about the brick rental scheme. 【解析】选c。推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“so far, the only breakthrough has been the development of. . . sets late last year”(到目前为止, 唯一的突破是由甘蔗中提取的植物性塑料制成的积木的开发。这些绿色的树木、植物和花朵是去年年底首次被包括在乐高玩具中)判断出, 以植物为原材料的塑料是环保的。故选c。【知识拓展】长难句

46、分析tim brooks, vice-president responsible for sustainability, said the company was “totally open” to the idea of a product rental scheme but acknowledged that lost pieces could cause a significant problem. 分析:本句是主从复合句。the company was. . . 是said的宾语从句, 前面是形容词短语responsible for sustainability作vice-presid

47、ent的后置定语, 后面宾语从句是but引导的并列句。第二个并列句中lost pieces could cause a significant problem是acknowledged的宾语从句。翻译:负责可持续发展的副总裁蒂姆布鲁克斯表示, 该公司对产品租赁计划的想法持“完全开放”态度, 但他承认, 丢失零件可能会造成严重问题。. 完形填空(2021保定模拟)dr. lee was one of my favorite professors in college. he was 1 because of a trick he employed at the beginning of his

48、first class. “i will put a 2 into each of my lectures. your job is to try and 3 me in the lie of the day. ”that was a 4 way to focus our attention at the dry and 5 subjectcapital markets. on those days we actively 6 dr. lees statements. every once in a while, a lecture would end with 7 seeing throug

49、h the lie. dr. lee would say, “ah ha! each of you has a lie in your notes. 8 among yourselves what it might be, and i will tell you next monday. ”what made dr. lees teaching 9 smart was that there was no lie during the most technically 10 lecture. he offered the same challenge to 11 our lecture note

50、s. on the following monday, he would hear our 12 for almost ten minutes before he finally said, “do you 13 the first lecturehow i said that every lecture has a lie?”tired from having our best theories shot down, we 14. “well, that was a lie. my previous lecture was completely true and 15. but i am g

51、lad you reviewed your notes 16 this weekend. moving on. . . ”while my knowledge of the capital markets has 17 over time, the lessons have stayed with me. “experts” can be 18 and say things that sound rightso build a habit of 19 new information and check it against things you already accept as 20. 【文

52、章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述作者最喜欢的一位教授在第一节课上告诉学生, 他的每一节课上都有一个谎言, 并要求学生找出这个谎言, 但是学生们竭尽全力却没能找出。终于教授揭开了谜底, 原来他的课上的内容都是真实可靠的, 根本没有谎言。真正的谎言是他在第一节课上说“他的课上有谎言”。1. a. funnyb. memorablec. carefuld. upset【解析】选b。funny有趣的, 好笑的;memorable难忘的;careful仔细的, 小心的;upset心烦的, 难过的。根据文中that was a _way to focus our attention at the dry a

53、nd_subject可知, 李博士是我大学里最喜欢的教授之一。他让人很难忘, 他的课能让我们集中注意力。故选b项。2. a. gameb. puzzlec. joked. lie【解析】选d。句意:我将在每一节课里说一个谎。game比赛, 游戏;puzzle 难题, 谜;joke玩笑;lie谎言。根据上一句“because of a trick he employed at the beginning of his first class. ” (trick与lie是同义词)及下文的“in the lie of the day. ”可知选d项。3. a. catchb. tellc. hear

54、d. stop【解析】选a。句意:你们的任务就是在每一天找出我的谎言。catch抓住;tell讲, 说;hear听见;stop停止。故选a。4. a. simpleb. commonc. brilliantd. terrible【解析】选c。句意:这是一种把我们的注意力集中在枯燥的课程上的绝妙的方法。 simple简单的;common 常见的, 共同的; brilliant明亮的, 绝妙的;terrible可怕的, 危害极大的。故选c项。5. a. boringb. interestingc. meaningfuld. guessed【解析】选a。句意:这是一种把我们的注意力集中在枯燥的课程上

55、的绝妙的方法。分析句子可知, 本小题所填词要与dry(枯燥的)是并列关系。分析四个选项boring无聊的, 单调的, 乏味的;interesting有趣的;meaningful有意义的;guessed猜到的)可知, 只有boring(无聊的)符合题意, 故选a。6. a. askedb. readc. challengedd. guessed【解析】选c。句意:所以在那些日子里, 我们积极地挑战(challenged)李博士的内容(以找出这个谎言)。asked问;read读 ;challenged挑战;guessed猜。根据“i will put a _into each of my lect

56、ures. your job is to try and _me in the lie of the day. ”可知, 教授在每节课上给大家留下一个谎言, 大家的任务就是找出这个谎言。而且下文中“he offered the same challenge”有名词形式的提示。故选c。7. a. anyoneb. someonec. everybodyd. nobody【解析】选d。根据下文“. . . and i will tell you next monday. ” 下周一我会告诉你们, 可知没有人(nobody)能看穿这个谎言。在下文的“well, that was a lie. my previous lecture was completely true”可知, 教授的课都是真的, 没有谎言, 没人(nobody)能找出错误, 故选d项。8. a. agreeb. discussc. findd. perform【解析】选b。agree同意;discuss讨论;find 发现;perform表演, 表现。根据上句可知, 下课了没有人能看穿教授的谎言, 所以教授说让学生自己讨论(discuss)这个谎言是什么, 他下周一再告诉学生。故选b项。9. a. techniqu