非谓语动词在语法填空题中的考查

1、非谓语动词在语法填空题中的考查教学设计： 佛山市顺德勒流中学 唐春生本设计适合于广东英语高考专项复习一、教学目标1.复习归纳非谓语动词的种类。2.探讨非谓语动词在语法填空题中的考查。二、备用思维工具ago、聚焦、概念扇、caf、apc、opv三、教学步骤：一) 限时训练（8分钟）1.做题之前，先解读语法填空的题目要求：阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。提问：如何运用聚焦思维工具解答语法填空题？聚焦指的是“关注事物的焦点，包括目标聚焦和范围聚焦”。做语法填空题，首先聚焦语篇（范围聚焦）：通读短文，掌握其大意。然后聚焦句子

2、和空格（目标聚焦）：找出句子的主干，看句子的空格缺什么，就补充什么。参考提示（图1）： 图1 语法填空的题目要求2.学生运用聚焦工具独立思考，做题。as i walked home one freezing day, i stumbled (绊脚) on a wallet in the street. i picked it up and looked inside 16 (find) some identification so i could call the owner. but 17 wallet contained only three dollars and a letter th

3、at looked as if 18 had been there for years. the envelope was 19_ (wear) and the only thing on it was the return address. i started to open the letter, hoping to find some clue. then i saw the dateline 1924. the letter had been written almost sixty years 20 (early). it was written in a beautiful han

4、dwriting, on blue writing paper 21 a little flower in the left-hand corner. it was a “dear john (绝交)” letter that told the receiver, michael, 22 the writer could not see him any more 23_her mother forbade it. even so, she wrote that she would always love him. it was signed hannah. 24 (actual), i too

5、k great pains to find both hannah and michael, who still remained single. then, after sixty years separation, they married each other in 25_ late seventies. and i was invited to be their best man!二）解惑答疑（4分钟）1.学生展示答案，老师核对答案，并给出评分（1.5分/题）。2.学生分小组，针对问题讨论，并解决问题。讨论之前，结合上述文章思考：高考语法填空的命题特点是什么？究竟考什么？(用caf、a

6、pc和概念扇工具)。参考提示（图2）：图2 语法填空的命题特点3.老师答疑，侧重解答16题，19题。16题考查不定式作目的状语；19题考查过去分词作表语。三）复习归纳：非谓语动词的种类（8分钟）从以上解题过程我们可以看出，非谓语动词是语法填空题的重要考点。1. 以do为例，填写动词不定式、分词和动名词的形式变化（1-4组展示，5-8组点评）：1）构建动词不定式的知识导图参考提示（图3）： 形式类别 时态形式时态概念主动式被动式不定式一般式发生在谓语动作之后to doto be done完成式发生在谓语动作之前to have doneto have been done进行式与谓语动作同时发生to

7、 be doing不定式的知识导图2）构建动名词的知识导图；参考提示（图4）： 形式类别 时态形式时态概念主动式被动式动名词一般式与谓语动作几乎同时doingbeing done完成式发生在谓语动作之前having donehaving been done动名词的知识导图3）构建现在分词和过去分词的知识导图；参考提示（图4）： 形式类别 时态形式时态概念主动式被动式分词现在分词一般式与谓语动作几乎同时doingbeing done完成式发生在谓语动作之前having donehaving been done过去分词发生了、完成了done现在分词和过去分词的知识导图4）构建非谓语动词的知识导图四

8、）专项突破:探讨非谓语动词在语法填空题中的考查(12分钟）1.i got on the bus and found a seat near the back, and then i noticed a man _ (sit) at the front. （2011广东）答案为sitting。and后面的分句已有谓语动词noticed，且sit前没有并列连词，因此，sit是非谓语动词；由固定句式notice sb. doing/ do sth.(注意到某人在做/做了某事) 可知，填sitting或sit，根据文中提供的情境，不难推出，作者“注意到”时，那个人是“正坐在”作者前面的，故应填sitt

9、ing。2. he spit it out, _ (say) it was awful.（2010广东）答案为saying。整句中已有谓语动词spit，且空格前没有并列连词，故此处应填非谓语动词，空格的逻辑主语是he，表伴随状态，故用v-ing形式。3. she wished that he was as easy _ (please) as her mother, who was always delighted with perfume. (09广东)答案为to please。从句已有谓语动词was，所以考虑空格填非谓语动词。位于形容词后，作系表结构的状语，用动词不定式。4. while

10、she was getting me _ (settle) into a tiny but clean room，the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to . (2008广东)答案为settled。因从句已有谓语was getting，且空格前没有并列连词，故此处应填非谓语动词，空格作宾补，且与其逻辑主语me是动宾关系，故用过去分词。探析小结：当句中已有谓语动词且又没有并列连词与括号中的动词并列，该动词就必定用非谓语动词形式 此时，就要分析该非谓语动词在句中作什么句子成分，确定成分后，判断用哪一

11、种非谓语动词形式，是用-ing形式、-ed形式还是动词不定式。如：（1）作主语或宾语，就用动名词(一般，习惯）或不定式形式（具体）；（2）句尾作结果（常有only为标志）、目的（也可句首）和原因状语或在形容词后作状语，用动词不定式；（3）句首作时间、让步、方式状语或句尾作伴随情况状语时，用分词形式；（4）注意一些固定的句式搭配。如：it is no good/ no use/ fun/ useless/ a waste of time doing sth.，see/ hear/ notice sb. do/ doing sth.，spend.doing sth.等。最后再根据非谓语动词所表示的

12、动作与句子谓语的动作发生的时间先后确定用何种非谓语动词的时态，再结合与逻辑主语的关系，确定该填哪种语态：与逻辑主语是主动关系，用现在分词；与逻辑主语是被动关系，用过去分词。五）实战训练(8)one day, about ten years ago, while working at the cash register in the gift shop at my university museum of natural history, i saw 16 elderly couple come in with a little girl in a wheelchair.as i looked

13、17_ (close) at this girl, i found that she was fixed on her chair. i then realized she had no arms or legs, just a head, a neck and upper body, 18 (dress) in a little white skirt.as the couple wheeled her up to me, i turned my head toward the girl. when i took the money from her grandparents, i look

14、ed back 19_the girl, who was giving me the most optimistic, largest smile i had ever seen. all of a sudden, her handicap was gone and all i saw was this beautiful girl, 20 smile just melted me 21 _ almost instantly gave me a completely new sense of 22_ life is all about. she took me from a poor, unh

15、appy college student and 23_ ( bring ) me into her world, a world of smiles, love and 24 ( warm ). im a successful business man now and whenever i think about the troubles of the world, i think about that little girl and the remarkable lesson about life that she taught 25 . 18题:这里单独用dressed过去分词做伴随状语。 be/get drssed in “穿着. .”,在句中做谓语。对于18题，我们可以采用简单句，并列句，定语从句、非谓语动词、介词短语等多种表达，一句多译，让学生以不变应万变。（用caf、opv、apc工具）参考提示（图5）：图5 一句多译all of a sudden, her handicap was gone and all i saw was this