Unit1EncyclopediaPractice-OLD

1、Unit One重难点必记单词en cyclopaedia 百科全书dino saur恐龙huma n人的Italia n意大利人perhaps 可能，大概inven tor 发明家invention 发明musician 音乐家notebook笔记本scie ntist科学家in clude 包括,包含born 出生eve n甚至coun tryside乡村，农村however然而in tellige nee才智，智慧suddenly突然，忽然artistic 有艺术天赋的nobody没有人ability才能，能力fossil 化石win获胜:,赢dollar 美元必记短语liste n t

2、o听lear n about了解至 Utalkabout 谈论in the coun tryside在乡村，在农村be born 出生human being 人for example 例女口die out 火绝，消失at the end of在 的尽头，在末尾more than 多于used to 过去常常know about知道关于的情况one day 有一天be famous for因.而出名so much如此多find out 了解到，弄清by the win dow在窗户旁边n ext to挨着be in terested in对.感兴趣be sure 确信go for a walk

3、去散步 in the mountains在山上do with 处理in the n ewspaper在报纸上all kinds of各种各样的a number of 许多，大量since the n自从那时be made up of 由. 组成，构成 connect.to把. 和. 连接起来词汇解析human 人的，the human body 人体【知识拓展】human人，也写作human being。Dogs can hear much better tha n huma ns.狗的听觉比人灵敏的多。Unit 1En cyclopaediasp.3look it up!Here are t

4、wo articles from an en cyclopaedia.Da Vin ci, Leon ardoLeon ardo da Vin ci(1452-1519) was an Italia npain ter, inven tor,musicia n,engin eer and scie ntist.Da Vinci was born in the countryside. From an early age, he showed a great intelligenee and artistic ability. As he grew older, he learnt to do

5、many different things. His paintings are very famous, and the one, the MonaLisa, is perhaps the most famous painting in the world. He also had manyinventions.For example, his notebooks include someinterestingdrawingsof flying machi nes.Dino saursDinosaurs lived on Earth more than 60 million years be

6、fore humanbeings. They lived everywhere on Earth. Somedinosaurs were as small as chickens. Others were as big as ten elepha nts. Some could eve n fly.Many dinosaurs ate plants. However, some dinosaurs liked to eat meat.Dinosaurs lived on Earth for more than 150 million years. Then, suddenly, they al

7、l died out. Nobody knows why. However, we can learn about them from their fossils.p.13Module 1 Unit IMore practiceAustralia s big attractionsAustralia is a very big country. It also has many big attractions.The Big BananaThe Big Banana is in Coffs Harbour. It was made in 1964 by Joh n Lan dy.Landy w

8、an ted somethi ng to makepeople cometo his fruit shop, so he built the Big Banana. The idea worked. Many people visited his fruit shop and took pictures of the Big Banana. Soon people all over Australia began mak ing big thin gs.The Big Meri noThe Big Merino is in the city of Goulbur n. Merinos are

9、a type of sheep.They can live in dry weather. Some places in Australia are very dry, so these sheep are very importa nt to the farmers there. In side the Big Merino, there is a small museum about the history of wool in Australia.Visitors can also climb up to the Big Merion s head and look at the vie

10、w throughits eyes.练习：1.We are all hbei ngs.2. Wolves will n ot usually attack（袭击）h.3. These robots are just like h.learn about获悉，得知，了解到about是介词，后面接名词，代词做宾语，about 也可用of代替。例: Were all sorry to learn about her illness.听到她生病的消息，我们都很难过。listen to意为“听”。liste n 意为“听”，指听的过程，强调动作，是不及物动词，不能直接跟宾语，若表示听某人或某事时，后面要

11、加介词to，to后接名词或代词。例: Listen to a radio programme about the“Human Encyclopedia ” .听关于“百科全书”的广播节目。练习1.我很高兴帮你了解中国。I am glad to help youChina.2. 我经常听收音机学习英语I ofte n and lear n En glish.In ve ntor 发明家He is a famous in ve ntor.他是一位有名的发明家。【知识拓展】（1）invent发明，创造，指发明，创造出来的是以前没有的东西Gilbert discovered electricity，

12、but Edis on inven ted the light bulb.吉尔伯特发现了电，但爱迪生发明了灯泡。invention 发明The inven ti on of the computer marked the beg inning of a new era.计算机的发明标志着一个新时代的开始。musician 音乐家，可数名词。a piece of music 一首音乐 listen to music 听音乐【知识拓展】music音乐，乐曲 musical音乐的Scie ntist 科学家【知识拓展】-ist是表示人的职业类词汇的后缀：scie nt科学scie ntist科学家a

13、rt 艺术artist艺术家piano钢琴pianist钢琴家violin 小提琴violi nist小提琴家born 出生 be born on + 地点 ；be born in 出生于I was born in 1980. 我生于 1980 年。ability才能，能力，复数是 abilities ， have the ability to do sth 有能力做某事perhaps可能，大概【词语辨析】 maybe , perhaps, possible , probably这四个词都意为“可能”，但表示可能性大小不一样，其顺序如下：maybe或许，大概，主要用于非正式场合，常用于口语中，

14、语气比 perhaps轻。perhaps，也许，可能，副词，一般指小于一半可能性，较多的含有“不大可能” 的意思。possibly，也许，或者，可能，可能性较大，用于否定句中表示“无论如何之意Probably，很可能，大概，在这组中可能性最大，表示一种几乎完全肯定的意思。in elude 包括，包含 The price of the room in eludes breakfast.房间的租金包括在早餐在内。【词语辨析】in elude , in cludi ng , i ncluded（1）in elude为及物动词，意为“包含，包括”指整体中包含明确说出的某些 部分，有时不一定举出所包含的

15、全部内容。The price in eludes both house and fur niture.价钱包括房子和家具（2） including介词，意为“包含，包括”There are seve n people, in clud ing four men.共有七人，包括四位男士。（3） included 为形容词，意为“包括在内的”，常用于名词之后。它和including 引起的短语含义相同，但是在句中的词序位置不同。Everybody hadsometh ing to say, me in eluded/ i ncludi ng me.no body 没有人，n obody 相当于 n

16、ot an ybody.I saw no body.=I did nt see an ybody.我没有见至 U个人。新词强化训练根据汉语提示完成句子1.1 was（ 出生）in a small village.2.1m planning to spend sometime in the beautiful （乡木寸）.1 lovenature.3. He has the（ 能力）to be the manager .4. （也许）ril see him tomorrow,but I m not sure.5.1 thi nk the most helpful（ 发明）is the light

17、 bulb.6. （甚至）a child can un dersta nd it.7. My house is smallts very comfortable,（然而）8. （突然）there was a loud noise .9.1 ope ned the the door ,but I could see（无人）用所给词的适当形式填空1O.The Chinese（inventor） the compass（指南针）.11.She likes liste ning to（musicia n）.12. My favorite subject is（scie ntist）13. Youll

18、find the pla n（in clude） most of your suggesti ons.14.Their daughter is very（in tellige nee）more than后接数词，意为“超过，多于，相当于overHe has bee n ill for more tha n two weeks,.他病了俩周多。look up查找，后面接名词或代词做宾语必须放在look与up之间。Please look it up in the dict ion ary,if you dont know. 请查字典如果你不明白就on earth 在地球上，在世界上，在人间，相当于

19、in the world.Dinosaurs lived on earth more than 60 millionyears before humanbeings.在人类之前，恐龙在地球上生活了 6千多万年。【知识拓展】on earth意为“究竟”。般用于疑问词后表示强调Where on earth have you been just now.刚才你究竟去哪了？as+形容词或副词原级+as 表示双方在某个方面一样，前一个as是副词，其后 跟形容词或副词原级，后一个as是连词，常引导一个省略的比较状语从句。not as +形容词或副词原级+as表示双方在某个方面不同。We thi nk sc

20、ie nee is as importa nt as maths.我们认为自然科学和数学一样重要。used to意为“过去常常，以前常常”，后面接动词原形，表示过去的习惯， 只表示过去和现在的对比，暗指现在已经不存在的动作或状态。I used to be afraid of the dark.我过去常常怕黑。something important 意为重要的事情，something为不定代词，形容词修饰复 合不定代词时放在不定代词后面I want to do somethi ng differe nt.我想做些不同的事。remember 及物动词，意为“记得，记住”，remember to d

21、o something 意为“记得去做某事”，remember doing sth 意为“记得做过某事”。Please remember to post the letter for me.请记得为我邮这圭寸信。I remember telli ng you about her.我记得告诉过你关于她的事。famous出名的，著名的，sb +be famous for 指某人以某种知识，技能或特征 出名。sb + be famous as 指某人以某种身份出名，其后的介词宾语与主语是同位成分。Ei nstei n was famous for his Theory of Relativity.爱

22、因斯坦以他的相对论而闻名Ei nstei n was famous as a great scie ntist.爱因斯坦以一位伟大的科学家而著称。sp+ be famous for指某地以某种地产而出名。sp +be famous as 指以什么样的产地或地方出名。This area is famous for its gree n tea.这个地区以绿茶而出名。This area is famous as a gree n tea produc ing place.这个地区是著名的绿茶产地。else意为别的，其他的，通常修饰不定代词something等，疑问代词what等,疑问副词when等

23、，else用在这些词之后。Who else did you see? 你还看见别人了吗？for example 与 such as这俩个短语都是“例如”的意思，for example用来举例说明某一论点或情况，一般只列举同类人或事物中的“一 个”为例，做插入语，可放在句首，句中或句末。For example, Ill help you with your study.例如，我会在学习上帮助你。such as用来举例，一般列举同类人或事物中的几个为例，插在被例举的事物与 名词之间，as后面不可有逗号。I know many of them, such as Mike, Tom ,and Bill

24、.【知识巩固】根据汉语意思完成句子1. 我们学校有三千多名学生。There arethree thousa nd stude nts in our school.2. 关于中国文学你了解多少？How much do youthe Chin ese literature.3. 例如，约翰就有相同的观点。,Joh n has the same opinion.4. 如果你不认识这个单词，可以在字典中查找它。If you dont know this world ,you canin thedicti on ary.5. 地球上有上百万种生物。There are milli ons of livi

25、ng thi ngs .6. 我们学校有许多花，一些是红的，另一些是黄的。There are many flowers in our school;are red;are yellow.7. 他和哥哥一样高。He ishis brother.8. 我希望有一天能参观夏威夷。I hope to visit Hawaii .用适当的介词或副词填空9. Please connect the prin terthe computer.10. At the endthis road, you can see a supermarket.11. Because of the environment pro

26、blems, manykinds of animals have died12. Chi na is famousthe Great Wall.13. Yao Ming is famousa basketball player.win赢，获胜后面接match, game等名词做宾语He won a prize yesterday.他昨天得了一个奖。【词汇辨析】beat也可表示“打败，战胜”的意思，但此后只能接表示人的词 做宾语，此外，beat还有“敲打”的意思，表示连续不断的动作。We were nt sure we could beat them.我们没有把握能打败他们。His heart

27、is still beat in g.他的心脏还在跳动。【强化训练】What an excit ing footballmatch !DalianShideTeamSha nghaiShe nhua.A.wonB.lostC.failedD.beatfind out 意为“查明，弄清楚情况”指找出比较难找的抽象事物。【知识拓展】find强调经过寻找后的结果，表示“发现”I find a watch on the road.我在路上发现了一块表。find out 意为“发现，弄清，查明”强调“经过调查，研究或仔细搜寻而得出 某一事情的真相或结论”We shall find out the tru

28、th early or later.我们迟早会查明真相。look for 意为“寻找”着重找的过程。I look for my cat,but I did nt find it.我到处找我的猫，但是没找到。【巩固训练】他下决心查明那个男孩发生了什么事情。He decided towhat had happe ned to the boy.让我们去寻找答案。Lets go and the an swers.expect及物动词，意为“期望，指望，认为”强调等待的“心境”（即期待某 事会发生，某人会来）。I ll wait for her at the statio n.我会到车站去等他。wait

29、 for强调等待的“活动”（即不做别的事，待在某处去等）He is expect ing a letter.他在等一圭寸信。look forward to强调期待者“怀有愉快的心情”，所以被期待的事物必然是愉 快的事（如，假日，晚会等），而用 expect所期待发生的事，可以是好事，也 可以是坏事。We are look ing forward to our holidays.我们盼望假日的来临。【知识巩固】1. D ont sitthe win dow. Its cold there.A. n ext door toB.n extC. n earD. farfrom2. -Would you

30、 like to go out for a walk with us?,but I must write a letter to my pen frie nd now.A. Of course notB. Thats allrightD.C. Id love to Yes ,I do3. -Do you thi nk our football team will win the match?-Yes, we have better players.So Ithem to win.A.hopeB. askC. helpD.expectbe interested in 对 产生兴趣，对.感兴趣。后

31、面接动名词，名词，代?词。1.1 wasthe draw ing and bought it for 300 yua n.A. good atB. bad atC. in terested inD.terrified of2. 我们确信能帮这个男孩找到家人。Wewe can help the boy find his family.3. 我们应该互相学习。We shouldeach other.be动词+形容词比较级+than表示俩者之间的比较，意为“更.,较”Our school is bigger than theirs.我们学校比他们学校大。do with 意为“处理”，常与 what连

32、用，表示询问。What are you goi ng to do with your old books?你打算怎么处理你的旧书。【知识拓展】deal with意为“解决，应付，处理”后面常接trouble ，problem等词，deal with 多与how连用，表示询问。How did you deal with your book?你怎样处理了你的书？【知识巩固练习】1. 我们将怎样处理这个问题？What shall wethis problem?2. 他的头发比萨姆短He hashairSam,a number of意为“许多”后跟可数名词复数the number of 意为“. 的数

33、目”做主语时，谓语动词用单数。Our city has a number of hotels with high standard of services.我市有许多咼品质服务的宾馆。The nu mber of the teachers in our school is 200.我们学校有200位老师。【知识巩固】1. 地上有许多蚂蚁。There arean ts on the ground.2. 在超市里有各种各样的事物。There arefoods in the supermarket.since then 意为“从那时起”用于现在完成时。Si nee the n he has live

34、d in Beiji ng.be madeupmakeup意为“组成，构成”强调由几部分组成，多用于其被动形式： of.【巩固练习】1. 五个男学生和两个女学生组成了这个组。Five boy stude nts and two girl stude ntsthe group.2. 从那时起，发生了很多变化。Many cha nges have take n place.语法点：some , any，复合不定代词。【典例精析】1、Its polite to take a friend.A. littleB.flowers as a gift whe n you go to visitanyC s

35、ome答案：C2.They n eed some more workers and money to build the bridge.（改否定句）They dont needmore workers money to build the bridge.答案：any ,or3.1 cant connect my computer to the Internet.There must bewrongwith it.A. somethi ngB.everyth ingC. anythingD.nothing答案：A4. Mrs Brow n is n ice.Every day she tried

36、 to cookfor me duri ng mystay in Can ada.A.somethi ng differe ntB.a nythingdiffere ntC.no thi ng differe nt【针对练习】1. Please keep quiet,everybody I haveimporta nt to tell you.A. no thi ngB. someth ingC.everythi ng2. There must bewrong with the clock , it does nt work.A.no thi ngB.someth ingC.everythi

37、ngD. Any thi ng3. CCTV-10 ofte n playsaround the world.It can help us lear n moreabout not only n ature but also differe nt cultures and customs.A. new someth ingB.someth ing newC.any thi ng new4.1 thi nkcan make Andy cha nge his min d.He is such a pers on whon evergives up easily.A.somethi ngB.a ny

38、thi ngC.nothingD.everythi ng5. Mr Wang is an excelle nt teacher.in our class loves her.A,some oneB, no one C, every one D.anyone6. When the Greens movedinto the house last week,was at sixes andseve ns,so they did a big clea ning.A.somethi ngB.everyth ingC. anythingD.nothing7. They were all very tire

39、d,butof them took a rest.A.noneB.allC, bothD.either8.1 asked Joh n forin k,but he did nt have.A.a ny ,someB.a ny,any C.some,a ny D. some,some9.1 dont havemon ey. Could you please lend me?A.a ny ,someB. some,a ny C. any,anyD. some,some【改否定句】There was some milk in the bottle.There milk in the bottle.【

40、中考链接】1. L incoln came from nothin g,yet he didthat cha nged the world.A. somethi ngB.no thi ngC.everythi ngD. any thi ng2. -How is Hele n in the new school?-She id doing very well.There isto worry about.A.somethi ngB.a nythi ngC.nothingD.everythi ng3. There isin todays homework.A.difficult nothingB.

41、 difficult any thi ngC. no thi ng difficultD. anything difficult4. Which basketball do you like best?Kobe,James or Jorda n?-of them. Lin shuhao is my favorite.A. allB.noneC.eitherD.n either5. Letsfor a walk, shall we?A. to goB.goi ngC.goD.gone6. Why is Harveys mother so happy?-Because only three stu

42、de nts,his son Harvey.A, failed the exam,besidesB. made progress ,exceptC. made progress, in cludi ngD.passed the exam, without7. The new product con sist of four main parts in side .（改为一般疑问句）the new productof four main parts in side?8. Jessica solved the physics problem without any help.（同义句转换）Jess

43、icathe physics problem without any help.9.1 was bin 1997,1m 15 now.10.He nrys sister is two years youn gertha n he , but she is as（tall）as he.单项填空1.1 ts n early nine oclockand father will walk in at any mome nt.A is possibly toB. maybe toC .probablyD. perhaps to2. The band played many songs,some of

44、my favorite.A. i ncludi ngB .in cludedC .in cludeD. to in clude3. Now the air in our hometown isit used to be.Something must tobe done to stop it.A very goodB. much betterC.rather bad4. The pla n is all right.,it can be made better.A .the nB.howeverC.a nd5. -Who helped you repair the MP4?,I repaired

45、 it all by myself.A. somebodyB.n obodyC.an ybodyD.eve n worseD.orD.everybody6. Gi na was born1999,She is old eno ugh to go to school.B.onC,atA .toD.in7. The ice in the lake is asas it was before.A. Th inB.th innerC.thinn estD.the thinn est8. Hebe aboy.A would, quietB.usedto ,quiteC.was,quietD, used

46、to ,quiet9. What are you going to give your mother for her birthday?rm not sure, but ril buy her.A .somethi ng specialB. any thi ng specialC.specialsomethi ngD.special anything10. Ch ina is verythe Great Wall and pan das.A .famous asB.famous forC. ready toD.readyfor阅读理解(A) Leon ardo da Vinci was bor

47、n on April 15, 1452 in Italy. He is best known as an artist today. One of his famous paintings is called Mona Lisa.However, Leonardo had many other natural abilities. He was also a great inven tor （发明家）.Manyof his inven tio ns have becomeimporta nt in moder n day life.Although Leon ardo hated war, h

48、e inven ted man ydiffere ntmachi nes used forwar. His most special invention was the machine gun（枪），which wasproduced and used in war many years later.By watch ing the way birds fly, Leon ardo tried to find out the secret of flying.Amonghis sketches （素描）wecan see several objects. Weconsiderthem as m

49、oder n flying mach in es.Leon ardo spe nt many hours thinking about how to make good use of time.He developed ideas for labor-sav ing machi nes like cutti ng machi nes.Leonardo was a strange man. He didn t eat any meat, which was very unusual in those times. He never published（发表） his ideas and scie

50、ntificdiscoveries. He usually used mirror writing, which looks like writing a mirror, starting from the right side of the page and moving to the left.We have very little of his work today. Leonardo finished only a few of his pain tin gs. He left many unfini shed because he thought they were not perf

51、ect. No one in his life time knew howgreat Leonardo was. Wenowbelieve, however, that he was one of the cleverest men the world has ever known.（）1. Accord ing to the passage, Leon ardo is not only an artist butalso.writerA. an inven torD. a musicia nB. an engineerC. a2.was Leonardo s most special inv

52、ention.A. The mirror writ ing mach ineB. The cutt ingC. The machine gunD. The flying machine（）3. Leonardo was strange, forexample,A. he didn t eat any vegetablesB. he usually used mirror writi ngC. he liked to publish his discoveriesD. he enjoyed draw ing flyi ng mach ines（）4. Leon ardo inven ted so

53、me mach ines toA. stop the warB.help paint picturesC. watch the birdsD.make good use of time（）5. From the passage, we can lear n that Leon ardo was veryA.humorousB.seriousC.cleverD.lo nely根据句子意思或汉语意思填写单词1. Tom（ 出生于）in 1989 in America.2. There is a shy girl in our class（被称作）Lily.3. There are apples a

54、ndmilk in the fridge. It looksempty.（B）Goodevening, ladies and gentlemen. Welcometo the nine o clock Mystery Hour. Today we ll show you two British stories. We hope you ll enjoythem.About 900 years ago two green children arrived in a small village in south England. Their eyes and skin were green and

55、 they spoke a strange Ianguage. They were very tired and weak, so the people of the village looked after them. The boy died a year later, but the girl grew strong and lived the rest of her life there. And her skin colour tur ned back to no rmal day by day. Scien tists say that sometimes of people don t have eno ugh food toeat for a long time, their skin goes very pale and can eve n tur n gree n.Loch Ness is the largest lake in Scotland.