汉译英第六篇

1、汉译英第 6 篇原文得病以前，我受父母宠爱，在家中横行霸道，一旦隔离，拘禁在花园山坡 上一幢小房子里，我顿感打入冷宫，十分郁郁不得志起来。一个春天的傍晚， 园中百花怒放，父母在园中设宴，一时宾客云集，笑语四溢。我在山坡的小屋 里，悄悄掀起窗帘，窥见园中大千世界，一片繁华，自己的哥姐，堂表弟兄， 也穿插其间，个个喜气洋洋。一霎时，一阵被人摒弃，为世所遗的悲愤兜上心 头，禁不住痛哭起来。讲解表示亲属的词义的范围的对比：哥姐许多同学译为了单数：elder brothers and sisters，但是在解放前一般兄弟姐妹很多，所以译成复数合理的可能性更大些。有同学为了避免单复数的问题采用了 sibl

2、ing:堂表弟兄：可选的范围比较大，很难做出抉择 ,因为这个词包括堂兄( paternal uncle s elder son)、堂弟(paternalu ncle s youn ger姑表兄(pater nal aunt s elder song)、姑表弟。究竟指谁，无法确定。英语语义场包含的成员少，而汉语包含的比较细致。比如说：uncle：叔、伯、舅父、姑父。但是实际上我们在看英语文章的时候却从来没有为 了理解这个词而大伤脑筋，一是因为我们往往只需要知道他是一个长辈就可以 了，或者只需要知道他与父母的亲缘关系就可以了，而这些往往通过上下文都 是可以猜出来的。在翻译这个词上，为何大多数同学不

3、知所措，因为他们忘了这个词在篇章 中究竟是做什么用的。这个词的使用并非要分清参加宴会的亲属具体都有谁， 性别是什么，与父母双方的关系是怎样的，原文的意图是想将同辈亲属的喜气 洋洋与自己的郁郁不得志做对比，所以译为cousins 就非常合适，因为英语中的cousin 可指堂（表）兄弟，堂（表）姐妹。而哥姐译成brothers and sisters 也就可以了。汉语量词的翻译汉语量词的使用远远比英语丰富得多，汉语量词与数次结合使用不仅提供 的事物的数量，还表现出事物的形状及种类、情感因素等，如一口剑，一小撮 坏人。而英语一件家具：a piece of furniture. 一条新闻：a piec

4、e of news一块肥皂：a cake of soap而一把椅子:achair.所以汉语的量词翻译成英语之后，往往要淡化。而许多同学将一幢小房子 ”翻译为：a block of little house.就显得不好，因为英语的block是指一排房子或者大 楼、大厦。比如：a block of offices, a block of apartme nts 汉语表示情感的量词，如一股，一阵 可以用 awave/fit/floodofanger. 而一片大笑、一阵掌声等数量词往往是为了加上 后构成四个音节，说起来伤口：The room exploded with laughter/Spectat

5、ors break into applause.汉语比喻的英译rage, run wild, like a tyrant, play the bully, gansterism 而这些表达法分别与 以下喻体相关：tyrant 暴君、恃强凌弱者 bully.打入冷宫：冷宫是指君王安置失宠后妃的地方 :in the moon palace. Just a wife who had lost her husband s1love. Drop to the bottom of the ice-hole. 这时我们可以说 loss of favor, in disfavor, fall into dis

6、grace然而 掌上明珠”就可以有两种译文：a pearl in my parents,或者Irthe apple of my parents所以翻y译汉语的比喻有三种方式：按照汉语字面模式、用英语相应的比喻，避免字面直译 ,要翻译意思，但是 英语表达要地道。汉英句式结构的对比英语句子有严谨的主谓结构，主次分明、层次清楚，而汉语不受形态约 束，结构比较复杂、多样。而本文非常明显地体现了汉语的这些特点，常常句 子一逗再逗，因此要对汉语进行重组。汉英动静态对比英语倾向于多用名词，因而叙述呈静态，而汉语倾向于多用动词，因而呈 动态。汉译英的过程往往是动态与静态转换的过程，适当运用这一原则常常可 以使

7、译文比较符合表达习惯。我受父母宠爱：a spoiled child of my parents 隔离：to be isolated, in isolation据在小屋子里 be confined to the little house.打入冷宫：to be in disfavour 郁郁不得志 feel frustrated. 百花怒放：the flowers were in full bloom. 通过这些例子可以看出英语使用名词、形容 词、介词、及 to be, to feel 等弱势动词把原文的动态转变为静态。得病以前，我受父母宠爱，在家中横行霸道，较好译文：Before I was t

8、aken ill, I had been a spoiled child of my parents, getting things my way in thefamily.译文 2:Before I fell ill, I had been the bullyunder our roofs （in my family）owing tomy doting parents. 译文 3：Before I was taken ill, I had been the bullyunder our roofsowing to my doting parents. 一旦隔离，拘禁在花园山坡上一幢小房子里，

9、我 顿感打入冷宫，十分郁郁不得志起来。较好译文：Onceisolatedandconfinedtoasmallhouseontheslopeofthegarden,Isuddenlyfound myself in disfavor and felt frustrated/my wings clipped.译文 2： Feeling like being deposed罢免）into acold palace, I began to taste the bitterness of depressionandfrustrationimmediatelyafterIwassegregatedandc

10、onfinedinasmallhouse onahillsideinourgarden.译文 3： Once isolated and locked away in a small house on the slope of the garden, I suddenly felt beingthrown away, and became sullen and disappointed.一个春天的傍晚，园中百花怒放，父母在园中设宴，一时宾客云集，笑语 四溢。较好译文：One spring evening, with myriads （无数的） of flowers in full bloom i

11、n the garden, my parents helda garden party in honor of many guests, whose arrival at once filled the place with laughing chats译文 2： On a spring evening, my parents gave a banquet in the garden where a profusion of flowers werein full bloom. In no time, crowd of their guests collected and laughter w

12、as heard all over there译文 3: Onespringevening,my parentsheld apartyinthefullblossomsinthegarden.Innotime,thegarden became lively with the guests and filled with their laughter.我在山坡的小屋里，悄悄掀起窗帘，窥见园中大千世界，一片繁华，自己 的哥姐，堂表弟兄，也穿插其间，个个喜气洋洋。译文 1：Inthesmallhouseontheslope,Iquietlyliftedthecurtain,onlytobemetby

13、agreatandprosper ous world with my elder brothers and sisters and my cousins among the guests, all in jubilation. 译文 2： I,withoutbeingnoticed,liftedthecurtainmysmallroom,onlytospythebustleofakaleidosc opic world down in the garden, and my elder sisters, brothers and cousins, each full of the joysof

14、spring, were shuttling among the guests/helping treat(host) the guests .译文 3： In the small house on the slope, I lifted the curtain, quietly, only to see the hustle and bustle (奔忙)in the garden, with my brothers, sisters and cousins among the guests, all in jubilation.2 较好译文：Inthesmallhouseontheslop

15、e,Iquietlyliftedthecurtain,onlytobemetbyagreatandpr osperous world with my elder brothers and sisters and my cousins among the guests, all in rejoici ng.霎时，一阵被人摒弃，为世所遗的悲愤兜上心头，禁不住痛哭 起来。较好译文：All at on ce, seized by a fit of forlorn rage, I could n ot help burst ing into tears 译 文 2： Quickly enough, I