(完整word)小升初形容词副词

1、形容词和副词 一. 形容词 1. 修饰名词，描述其性质、品质、特征等的词。一般“的”的词都是形容词。 女口： She is a beautiful girl.（漂亮的） 2. 在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语。 女口： I have an interesting book. （interesting 有趣的，修饰 book,在句中作定语 ） We are happy today. （happy快乐的，在句中作表语 ） Students should keep their classroom clean and tidy.（clean 干净的，tidy 整洁的，在句中都作宾 语补足语） 3. 多个

2、形容词同时修饰一个名词时的排列顺序 限定词+外观类+形状+年龄+颜色+国籍+材料+名词（简记：县官行令色国才） 女口： a tall 17-year-old black American boy. 一个17岁的高个子黑皮肤美国男孩。 the big round red wooden table.又大又圆的红色木质饭桌。 二. 副词： 1. 通常修饰动词，表示动作的程度、方式等。还可修饰形容词、副词，有时修饰整个句子，在句中 作状语。一般“地”的词都是副词。 女口： You must listen to the teacher carefully.（仔细地，认真地） 2. 副词的分类 1）时间副

3、词:now, today等 2）频度副词：always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, n ever 2）地点副词： here, there, upstairs, downstairs 等 3）方式副词：carefully, fast, well, politely 等 4）程度副词:much, little, quite 等 5）疑问副词:how, when, where, why 等 三. 形容词转化成副词 1. 一般在形容词后加ly,女口： quick-quickly 2. 以辅音字母+y结尾的形容词，变y为i,加ly,如：happy-happil

4、y 3. 以ue结尾的形容词，去 e加ly,女口： true-truly 注：有些词兼有形容词和副词的词性，如：fast, hard, high, late, far等，它们的词性只有通过具体语境 来判断。另外，有些以ly结尾的词不是副词，而是形容词，如：friendly, lovely Ionely, lively 等。 四. 形容词和副词的比较级、最高级构成 1. 比较级：两者之间进行比较时形容词和副词的变化形式，如tall-taller, well-better 2. 最高级：三者或三者以上进行比较时形容词和副词的变化形式，如Io ng-lo ngest 3. 比较级和最高级的变化规则：

5、 规则变化（单音节和少数双音节）： a. 在词尾直接力口 -er/est,女口： short-shorter-shortest b. 词尾是 e,只力口 -r/st,女口： nice-nicer-nicest c. 以辅音字母+y结尾的，变 y为i再加-er/est,女口： happy-happier-happiest d. 重读闭音节，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写该辅音字母，再加-er/est, 女口： big-bigger-biggest e. 其他双音节词和多音节词，其前加 more/most,女口： more/most delicious 不规则变化：如下表（简记为：好、坏、多、少、远）

6、 词义 原级 比较级 最高级 好 good/well better best 坏 bad/badly/ill worse worst 多 many/much more most 少 little less least 远 far farther/further farthest/furthest 五形容词、副词的比较级和最高级用法： 1.原级的用法：用于两者之间对比，意思为和 相同”相当于the same as 肯定句：A+动词.+as+形容词/副词原级+as B Tom is as honest as Jack. Jack runs as fast as Peter. 否定句：A+动词.+n

7、ot as/so.+形容词/副词原级+as B This tree is not as/so tall as that one. 2. 比较级的用法： 1）A+动词+形容词/副词比较级+than+ B Susan is happier than Jane. Lily run faster than Mary 注：形容词/副词比较级前还可以用much, even, still, a little , far, a lot, a bit来修饰。 2） 数字（倍数）+形容词/副词比较级+than I m two years older than you. Our classroom is twice

8、 bigger tha n yours. 3） 比较级+and+比较级，表示越来越” The earth is gett ing warmer and warmer. ,就越 4) the +比较级，the +比较级，表示越 The more, the better.越多越好。(多多益善) 3. 最高级用法： 用于三者及以上的人或事物的比较，最高级前加the,最高级前有物主代词，序数词和名词所有格时, 不加定冠词，后面跟带in或of表范围的短语。 1) one of the + 最高级 Shan ghai is one of the most beautiful cities in China

9、. 2) 比较级句型表达最高级意义 A+动词+比较级+than+any other+B(单数) 女口： The Chan gjia ng River is Ion ger tha n any other river in China. A+动词+比较级+than+the other+B(复数) 女口： The Chan gjia ng River is Ion ger tha n the other rivers in China. 以上两句意思相当于：The Chan gjia ng River is the Ion gest river in China. 随堂演练(满分100分) 一、

10、写出下列形容词或副词的比较级、最高级(23*1分=23分) oldyoungtalllong short strongbig small fatthin heavylight nice good beautiful low high slowfast late earlyfar well 二、 根据句意填入单词的正确形式：(23*1分=23分) 1. My brother is two years(old)tha n me. 2. Tom is as(fat) as Jim. 3. Is your sister(young) tha n you? Yes,she is. 4. Who is(t

11、hi n),you or Hele n? Hele n is. 5. Whose pen cil-box is(big),yours or hers? Hers is. 6. Mary s hair is as(long) as Lucy s. 7. Be n(jump)(high) tha n some of the boys in his class. 8. Nancy si ng(well) tha n Hele n? Yes, she. 9. Fa ngfang is not as(tall) as the other girls. 10. My eyes are(big) tha n

12、(she). 11. Which is (heavy),the elephant or the pig? 12. Who gets up (early),Tim or Tom? 13. the girls get up(early) than the boys?No,they. 14. Jim runs (slow). But Ben runs (slow).15.The child doesn t(write) as (fast) as the students. 三、小小翻译家： ( 62*0.5 分 =31 分) 1、谁比 Jim 年纪大？是你。 is than Jim ？ are. 2

13、、谁比 David 更强壮？是 Gao Shan. than David? Gao Shan . 3、谁的铅笔更长，他的还是她的？我想是她的。 pencil is ,or ？ is,I think. 4、谁的苹果更重，你的姐姐的还是你的弟弟的？我的弟弟的。 apples ,your or your ? My . 5、你和你的叔叔一样高吗？是的。 as as your uncle?Yes,I am. 6、他和他的朋友 Jim 一样年轻。 He as as Jim. 7、她和她的双胞胎哥哥一样胖吗？不，她比他瘦。 as as twin ? No, than him. 8. Yang Ling 每天

14、睡得比 SuYang 晚。Yang Lingto than Su Yang every day. 9. 我跳得和 Mike 一样远。I as as Mike. 10. Tom 比你跑得快吗？不是的 ,他和我跑得一样快。 Tom than you?No,he . He as as. 11. 多做运动，你会更强壮。 more exercise,you ll soon . 12. 我的科学很好，但是语文不好。I at Science.But I dont well in Chinese. 13. 你放风筝比王兵放得高吗？不，我比他放得低。 youthe kitethan Wang bing?No,I

15、it than_. 14. 我喜欢游泳。我所有的朋友都游得比我慢。I like.All my than me. 15. 我的姐姐起得比我早。My up than me. 16. 女孩比男孩唱得好吗？是的。the girls the boys? Yes,they . 17. 她不擅长体育。但我跳得没有她高。She doesn t in PE. But I don tthan. 18. 你足球踢得比你的同班同学好吗？不，他们踢得和我一样好。 _ you football than your classmates?No,theyasas me. 五、选词填空（ 18*1 分 =18 分） 1. My

16、 sister is getting . A. fater and fater B. fatter and fatter C. more fatter and fatter D. more and more fatter 2. They are to us than before. A. friend B. friendlyC. more friendlyD. friendier 3. Jack is the boy our class. A. tallest. in B. taller. in C. most tall. of D. more tall. of 4. It is not wa

17、rm yesterday. Put on more clothes. A. so . on B. so. in C. as .at D. as. as 5. Hangzhou is one of cities I have visited. A. beautiful B. beauitifulier C. more beautifulD. the most beautiful 6. Both Andy and I drive slowly. Tom drives fast. So Tom drives of all. A. slowerB. the slowestC. faster D. th

18、e fastest 7 My sister is a girl. A goodB wellC very 8一 Is it your toy taxi? 一 No. it hiss AMay be BMayCMaybe 9 are you? I m , thank you A What ； good B How ； fine C What ； fine D How ； good 10一 Can you help me? . AYesBExcuse me C Certainly DHow 11The grass around my house is Very A. black B blueC gr

19、een 12 The sky is . The c1oud is A blue； redB red； brown C blue； white 13 The child is kind A muchB very muchCvery 14一 Could I use your pen ， please? . A NoB CertainlyC Excuse me 15 I go to School at 8 ： 00 am A very B much Coften 16. I have andoll. A . old beautiful B . beautiful old C. small old 1

20、7. Mr Wang is ateacher. A. tall old En glish B. En glish old tall C. old tall En glish 18. Oranges are. A . purple B . blue C. orange 课后练习 一、按要求写出下列单词的比较级和最高级 1.good 2.thin 3.heavy 4.happy 5.lo ng 6.little 7.far 8.careful 9.slow 10.well 11.low 12. beautiful 13.large 14.famous 15. delicious 16.i nter

21、est ing 17.importa nt 18.cheap 19.easy 20.high 、根据句意，用所给形容词或副词的正确形式填空 I. Jim works(hard), but his brother works(hard) tha n him. 2.lt s much(hot) today than yesterday. 3. Mr Smith is the(rich) man in this office. 4. This match is(excit ing) of the three. 5. My mother is the(busy) in my family. 6. Be

22、iji ng is one of the(beautiful) city in China. 7. This book is(in terest ing) tha n that book. 8. Which goes(quick), the bus or the car? 9. Look! His hands are( big ) tha n mine. 10. I think you do these things( well ) tha n your classmates. II. Whose bag is( heavy ), yours or mine? 12. Does Jim run

23、 as( slow ) as David? Yes, but Mike runs( slow ) tha n them. 13. I m very( thin ), but she s( thin ) than me. 14. My eyes are(big) tha n(she). 25. My brother is two years (old) than me. 三、单项选择题 1. Which subject do you like, maths or English? A.good B.better C.well D.best 2. This red rose is of all flowers. A.beautifuler B.much more beautiful C.the most beautiful D.beautiful 3. My book is newer than. A.he B.his C.our D.we 4. He isstudent in his class. A.good B.betterC.