[语言类考试复习资料大全]剑桥商务英语中级口语分类模拟题8

1、书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟。祝愿天下莘莘学子：学业有成，金榜题名！语言类考试复习资料大全剑桥商务英语中级口语分类模拟题8剑桥商务英语中级口语分类模拟题8SPEAKING How to Face the Problem of Face and Gender in China When it comes to doing business in China, respect for peoples feelings is paramountthis sensitivity that needs to be taken in respect to peoples face, Tom Doctor

2、off of J. Walter Thompson advertising said. Facea clich, but its so trueis the currency of advancement, he said. Its like a social bank account. You spend it and you save it and you invest. And when you take away somebodys face you take away someones fundamental sense of security. You make someone l

3、ose face if you make them feel that theyve given a wrong or silly answer in a meeting, Mr. Doctoroff said. you need to take whatever people are saying, whether its a creative idea or a strategy idea, and you need to find that kernel of wisdom in there. Usually there is something that is relevant. An

4、d they need to build on that. If you end up with a Charlie Brown situation, with the entire class ha-ha-ing, thats a disaster, and people will loathe you for it. Christine Lu, chief executive of Affinity China, a luxury venture group, said, If you understand that dealing with people in China is all

5、about facegiving face, getting face, saving face and not letting that person lose facethen youre all covered. And when it comes to Westerners, there is a historic aspect to the Chinese concern about face, said Saul Gitlin of Kang Lee Advertising. Because of Chinas history of exploitation by foreign

6、countries who colonized China or raided China for business purposes, particularly in the business sphere, Chinese do not want to be seen culturally as having been had by Western businesspeople, he said. That may sound fairly intuitive, but it is related to the very recent 200-year history in China,

7、up through the middle part of last century, when Western businesspeople clearly had the upper hand commercially and politically in China, he explained Today, there is a fierce concern that China must. never go back to that inferior position during that dynastic and imperial period, when China was ex

8、ploited by imperialist Western powers. So, its very important for Western businesspeople to show respect. Speaking of gender problem in China, The well-known Mao statement that women hold up half the sky really is quoted in China, said Laurie Underwood of China Europe International Business School i

9、n Shanghai. It is a fact that the Communist system created an equal playing field for men and women, much more so than elsewhere in Asia and even more equal than in the United States. Working mothers are the norm in China, she said, In fact, there is huge pressure on mothers to go back to work in or

10、der to help the extended family. It is expected that the grandparents will care for the child. And because each couple generally has only one child, this also allows working moms to focus more on work. As a result, there is no stigma attached to working for a female boss and women are very much resp

11、ected in business, Ms. Underwood said. The difference between foreigner and Chinese is much more important in Chinese business culture than the difference between men and women. In Hong Kong and Shanghai, many businesses are Chinese branches of large multinational companies, so their view of women i

12、n the workplace already is different from the norm. For a multinational, even if its infused with the local culture, its an international company, and thats often now reflected in the management style, said Ms. Lu of Affinity China. Chances are your boss, whether hes a foreigner or a returnee, someb

13、ody whos lived and worked abroad or studied abroadhes internationalized in the way he thinks. So then its more of a level playing field. Throughout China, a womans position within her company is respected, said Cynthia Lett, the roundel and chief executive of The Let| Group, a company that specializ

14、es in business-etiquette training. If you present a woman as vice president of sales for your company and she goes over for an initial meeting with a delegation, she will be accepted for who she is and what position she holds. If shes the president of the company, all the better, Ms. Lett said. Posi

15、tion is much more important than gender. Being an Asian-American woman working in China, Ms. Lu said, can work for you or against you, depending on the type of personality you run across. On the one hand, I have a face that is ethnically Chinese, so theres automatically a comfort level, she said. An

16、d I did grow up in a very Chinese household, so I do have an understanding of Chinese culture. But it can work against you sometimes in a different situation, where youre never fully Chinese, she adds. You grew up in the US. You lived and worked in China for just a number of years, but your mentalit

17、y and thought process and your entire foundation is really American. And that does come out too, sometimes, in business. But its really hard to determine if its a culture thing or a gender thing. 1. Answer the following question. What are the basic rules of etiquette at a business networking event?

18、答案:The prospect of walking into a business networking event or conference can be both exciting and daunting. By utilizing a few key social skills for business, these events can become more manageable. The first step takes place before you even arrive at the convention center or conference hall. The

19、promises of legendary speakers and hoards of contacts often leave attendees overwhelmed. Go in with realistic expectations: you wont be able to meet all the attendees, and nor should you. Rather, you should focus on meeting a handful of people from similar businesses and try to build meaningful rela

20、tionships with these individuals. Your goal should not be to collect a stack of business cards but to make real contacts that will further your career. Chances are you will bump into acquaintances or friends. Many nervous attendees cling to their friends as a sort of security blanket. This is a mist

21、ake! The point of attending a conference or networking event is to get your name and that of your business out there to new clients and partners. While it may be easierand more funto catch up with friends, you should not devote too much time to those you already know. This is your chance to shine to

22、 others, so say hello to your friends but leave the longer conversations for another time. When talking with another attendee, be in the moment: listen to what they are saying and react appropriately. While this may seem like an easy step, it is also the most important because it determines the impr

23、ession that you leave on your new acquaintance. If you are constantly looking over their shoulder to see who else is out there, you will miss the chance to make a meaningful connection with the person right in front of you! Be present and think of what you have in common or how your two businesses o

24、verlap. Be aware of the amount of time that you are dedicating to each person. While it is important to give your undivided attention to the person you are speaking with, dont feel that you have to spend the whole event with a particularly chatty contact. Its appropriate to move on after a reasonabl

25、e amount of time as long as you make a smooth and polite exit. One strategy is to summarize your understanding of their business, exchange business cards, and say that you look forward to being in touch. If the person continues talking, say that you have to see if a client of yours has arrived. What

26、ever the line you use, the most important thing is to be tactful, polite, and business-etiquette savvy. The final portion of the event takes place after the last cube of cheese is eaten and all of the stalls have been folded back up. After you leave the event, follow up with the people you spoke wit

27、h. Oftentimes, it is helpful to make a note on the back of their business cards, jotting down either what you spoke about or what their business goals include. In doing so, you help protect your memory of each individual, which will allow you to write a more personalized e-mailas opposed to a follow

28、 up phone callafter the event. 2. Discuss the following questions with your partner. a. What are the common differences between American and Chinese business etiquette? b. How to bridge the gap to facilitate business cooperation? 答案:A: Etiquette plays an important role in the process of doing busine

29、ss, particularly cross-culture business. B: And nowadays many Americans choose to deal business with Chinese with the economic globalization. A: So, it is truly necessary to understand the basic differences between the business etiquette of the two countries. And understanding the difference between

30、 the American and Chinese cultures is the key. B: One thing that often strikes newcomers to the United States is Americans gregariousness. Its not unusual for strangers to get friendly and strike up conversations about a common interest. Yet in reality, Americans are likely to draw clear distinction

31、s between acquaintances and business associates, and their personal friends. Conversely, while Chinese are often perceived as more reserved and distant than Americans, they seek genuine personal relationships with their business partners that go beyond networking and they actively work to build thes

32、e connections. A: Therefore, understanding Chinese business etiquette, how it differs from American business culture and how Chinese build relationships, communicate, and interact with business associates is critical to closing the deal in China. B: One thing to notice is that In America culture, co

33、lleagues may occasionally go to happy hour together and attend the office holiday party to get to know each other on a more personal level. Yet, beyond these office-sponsored functions, many Americans dont necessarily socialize, or want to socialize, with their colleagues outside work. Many want to

34、keep their professional and personal lives separate. Chinese, on the other hand, expect to know personally those with whom they are doing business and want to foster genuine trust with them. In Chinese culture, trust is indispensable to building the confidence needed to do business with partners. Co

35、nsequently, in China you are really expected to get to know your partners, follow appropriate etiquette and to socialize in a way you wouldnt in America. Investing now in relationship building, or guanxi, can pay big business dividends later. A: Another aspect is the different pace they move in dail

36、y life. Americans put a premium on being efficient, straightforward and getting things done quickly. Consequently, many are frustrated with the slower pace at which business is conducted in Chinese culture. Socializing can seem pointless to many Americans and the consensus-building can make Chinese

37、seem indecisive. To Americans, time is money. Chinese, however, prize attentiveness and patience, which they see as essential for developing a genuine understanding of their business partners. Building relationships takes time in Chinese culture and the Chinese believe it leads to more successful tr

38、ansactions later. B: Yes, besides the pace, their communication styles are not the same. As much as Chinese prize strong personal connections, Americans should keep in mind they equally prize tact and etiquette. The direct and blunt communication that is the norm in American offices makes many Chine

39、se very uncomfortable, particularly if its critical. To Americans, a person who is not straightforward is often perceived as insincere or evasive. As such, American bosses may have no reservations about being harsh with their employees, especially when it means boosting the bottom line. In China, ho

40、wever, this mindset can be counterproductive. For Chinese, such directness can be humiliating. It causes them to lose face, while the other person comes across as rude. Consequently, Chinese appreciate subtle, indirect ways of communicating. A: And dont forget perceptions of hierarchy. Chinese typically have a stronger respect for hierarchy and etiquette than Americans. Consequently, hierarchy is likely to inform Chinese peoples interactions with others, especially foreigners in a professional environment. But w