定语从句知识结构图

1、语法专题五：定语从句定语从句在复合句中作定语，由关系代词和关系副词引导，被修饰的词为先行词。关系代词的用法指代对象人事物人+事物主格who/thatwhich/thatthat宾格who/that/whomwhich/thatthat所有格Whosewhose/of which1 .只用that不用which?(1)介词+which+从句，在此结构中因介词提前不能用that代替which，当介词不提前时方可。此结构可用关系副词代替“介词 +which ”，如：The chair on which she sat is made of wood.The chair which /that she

2、 sat on is made of wood.?(2)先行词本身是that /thoseWhat s that which flashed in the sky just now2关系代词只能用that的情况? (1)先行词为“ all”，“ everything ” , “nothing ”，“ little “ much ” 等不定代词。? eg. There is someth ing that you can borrow.? (2)先行词被 the only, the very, the same, the last 修饰。? eg. This is the very place

3、that I want to find.? The last place that we visited was a factory.?(3)先行词被形容词的最高级修饰。? eg.This is the best book that I have ever read.?(4)先行词为两种或两种以上不同的事物。先行词若为分别表 示人和事物的名词，也只能用that引导定语从句。? eg.She gave me some books and a pen that I n eed.?(5 )先行词被序数词修饰。? eg.This is the sec ond article that I wrote

4、in En glish.? (6)主句是以who或which幵头的特殊问句时。? eg.Who is the pers on that is sta nding at the door?-3.as引导的定语从句（1）asf故关系代词、关系副词引导限制性定语从句，在从句中充当主语、表语、状语，常使用的有以下结构：the sameassuchas, as man y.as, as muchas, as. ask, ? He bought such a book as I have.（a做 宾语）?You should do it the same way as I did.（a做状语）（2）as引

5、导非限制性定语从句，常见习语：?as anybody can see（正如人人都能看到的那样）?as we all know（众所周知）?as is known to all（众所周知）?as we had expected（正如我们预料的那样）?as is reported in the newspaper （正如报纸报道的那样 ）?as is ofte n the case（正如经常发生的那样关系副词的用法关系副词when, where, why分别表示时间、地点、原因, 在从句中作状语，其先行词一般是分别表示时间、地点、 原因的名词。as ill.? r II tell you the

6、time whe n I reach your school.?The reas on why you failed is clear.?This is the room where they held the meeti ng. ? I will never forget the day when I joined the party.ught a?The reason why he didn t come is that he w三、“介词+关系代1.介词的确定应依据定语从句中短语的习惯性搭配?eg.Who is the girl with whom you shook hands?（sh

7、ake hands with习惯性搭配） 2.介词常受先行词的制约（即介词和先行词的搭配）?eg.He built a telescope through which he could study theskies.（through which 即 through the telescope）3.当关系代词作“动词+介词”固定短语的宾语时，此时因定短语中的介词不能拆开移到关系代词前?eg.This is the watch which you are looking for./He is a kind of man whom you can safely depe nd on.四，几个特殊词后的定语从句精品文档，超值下载1.situation 后常用 wherenwhich引导定语从句?Ca n you imag ine a situation where/in which you can use the word?2.way（方式，方法）后常用 in ?Do you know the way（in which 或 that 或 how 引导定语which/that/how） he从句，也可省略worked out the problem?3.the s