医学心理学（Medical psychology）

1、医学心理学（Medical psychology）What is the task of medical psychology? Effect of psychological factors on the occurrence and development of 1, and the change of all kinds of disease in 2, research on psychological factors especially the influence of emotional factors on body organs physiological and bioch

2、emical function of cognitive psychological characteristics of personality of 3, study the role in occurrence and development of disease in 4, study how through human advanced psychological function, control or regulate the physiological function of its own, in order to achieve the prevention of dise

3、ase and cure, 5, the purpose of health careStudy on the methods of medical psychology have observation method: natural observation and control observation method, 2 investigation method: interview method and questionnaire method, psychological measurement method: 3 personality test, intelligence tes

4、t, 4 case 5, experimental method: laboratory experiments and field tests1., the essence of psychology? (1) psychology is the function of brain, any mental activity generated in the brain, namely psychological activity is the advanced function of brain performance (2) psychology is the reflection of

5、the fact, that all the contents of mental activity originate from the external environment (3) psychology is the external things in the brains subjective initiative the reflection (4) mental activity will further affect the physical skillsThe nature, nature of the 2. emotions: (1) the mood caused by

6、 the stimulus (2) emotion is the subjective consciousness of experience (3) emotional state is not easy to self control (4) a link between emotion and motivation, emotion motivation behavior: a with B, and in some cases, the emotion itself can be regarded as the typical motivation the emotional stat

7、e of mind, passion and stress three3. the concept of perception and its general characteristics? It is the reflection of human brain on the overall attributes of the objective things directly acting on the sensory organs: the relativity of perception, the integrity of perception, the perception of p

8、erception, and the constancy of perception. Memory: the human brain reflects on past things. Attention: refers to the individual psychological activity, to certain objects direction and the concentration. Thinking: the human brain generalizes and reflects the objective reality, and it is an advanced

9、 form of cognition. The process of analyzing, synthesizing, comparing, abstracting, and summarizing things in the mind.The characteristics of 4. bulimia nervosa: 1, compulsive overeating, eating out 2 sense 3. Inappropriate compensatory behaviors (vomiting and cleaning) 4, gastrointestinal disorders

10、 symptom 5, when talking about the regret and conflict, 6 repeated attacks5. characteristics of anorexia nervosa: 1, 2, deliberately restricted diet induced vomiting, take excessive exercise, catharsis and other methods to reduce weight 3, most patients worry too much fat: (1) a pathological fear of

11、 obesity; (2) over to slim requirements; (3) the wrong body disorder cognition; (4) malnutrition disorderPersonality characteristics (1) characteristics of the realistic attitude: A, social, collective, the attitude of others; B, for work, learning, life attitude; C, 2) the attitude of their emotion

12、al characteristics of character: A, emotional activity, emotional stability strength; B; persistent C emotion; D dominant mood (3) will feature character: consciousness, decisiveness, persistence, self-control (4) reason characteristic: refers to the people in memory, perception, individual differen

13、ces thinking and imagination in the process of cognition6., the type of patient relationship: 1 active and passive: what doctors do for patients, 2. guidance and cooperation: doctors tell patients what to do and how to do 3. common participation type: doctors help patients self recovery7., the chara

14、cteristics of the doctor-patient relationship: 1, a clear purpose; 2, the status of both doctors and patients is equal; 3, doctors are the main impact of the doctor-patient relationship; 4, the doctor-patient relationship sometimes limited8. what four categories of behavior do harm to health involve

15、? (1) unhealthy lifestyle and habits, such as over eating and cancer causing substances;(2) adverse disease behavior: such as hypochondria, fear, noncompliance; (3) the daily health damage behavior: such as smoking, alcohol and drug abuse (4) pathogenic behaviors such as type A and type C behavior b

16、ehavior9. health belief model: HBM, which is based on the theory of psychology, is used to explain and predict the theory of health behaviorThe 10.HBM hypothesis is that individuals feel they can avoid illness, and that positive actions can help prevent illness and believe that they can succeed in r

17、ecommending actionsThe characteristics of the 11. drugs (1) with irresistible force of individual use; (2) the individual to obtain and use (3) use unscrupulous divisive tactics; the dose gradually increased; (4) easy to produce psychological and physical dependence; (5) personal and social harm12.

18、diagnostic criteria of Internet addiction (1) enhanced tolerance (2) (3) Internet addiction symptoms frequency is always better than planned to be high, time is always better than planned to long (4) in an attempt to shorten the time to surf the internet,Always ended in failure (5) calls for a lot o

19、f time on the Internet and related activities on the Internet (6) of the patients social, occupation and family received a serious impact (7) although can realize the serious problem of the Internet, still continue to spend a lot of time on the Internet13., pay attention to the characteristics: 1, a

20、ttention span 2, attention stability, 3, attention distribution 4, attention transfer14. common psychological changes of patients with cancer: 1, 2, denied the suspected shock of fear in 3, anger depression 4, an adaptation periodThe serious imbalance of social and cultural roots of 15. abnormal psy

21、chology 1, social relation is an important cause of abnormal psychologys contents and forms 2, abnormal psychology is restricted by social culture, 3 different cultural backgrounds will appear unique psychological abnormalityHow to adapt to life, and certainly know their own; grasp their own thinkin

22、g and behavior; self-worth and self-esteem; to establish a close relationship with people; independent living desire and ideal pursuit of practical action;16. Dutch act and its causes: Dutch act behavior intentionally or deliberately hurt their lives: biological factors, psychological factors, socia

23、l factors and external reasons Dutch act types: 1, disorders and physical disorders. Dutch Act 2 caused by the disease and non disease population Dutch act 3 Dutch act four, ordinary believers Dutch act or collective Dutch actThe general characteristics of the 17. non Dutch act of the disease: 1, lo

24、ve to see, from the nightside to the society, especially have a deep hostility to the surrounding crowd, 2 strong, social psychological ability, from the thought, the emotional distance herself and social isolation, lack of a sense of belonging to 3, weak, difficult the poor skills18. kinds of perso

25、nality disorder: 1, paranoid personality disorder; 2, separation of personality disorder; 3, split personality disorder; 4, histrionic personality disorder type; 5, narcissistic personality disorder; 6, only social personality disorder; 7, borderline personality disorder (emotional difference); 8, a

26、void type 9, dependent personality disorder; personality disorder; 10, compulsive personality disorder; 11, passive aggressive personality disorder19. medical psychology about disease and health: 1. Human beings are a complete system, the brain through the nervous system, the whole body of the syste

27、m, organs, tissues, cells, proteins and other parts of the unified. 2, at the same time, there are physiological activities and psychological activities, the heart and body are interrelated and interact. 3, people and the environment are closely linked, people are natural, people are social. 4, psyc

28、hological factors play a certain role in human regulation and adaptation of functional activities.20. characteristics: 1, the feeling of feeling and feeling, feel like 3, 2 threshold sensory adaptation 4, 5, 6 sensory contrast synesthesia, sensory compensation21. supportive psychotherapy method: 1,

29、listen to the talk, 2 support and encouragement and guidance, 3, 4, 5 to cultivate confidence and hope to adjust the stress view control and training 7, 6, 8, the use of resources to adapt to the environment change, encourage the functional 922. the characteristics of perception: 1. The relativity o

30、f perception, 2, the wholeness of perception, 3, the perception of perception 4, the constancy of perception23. forgetting rules: 1, the process of forgetting to slow down after 2, forgetting the nature and length and memory materials 3, forgotten how much with the individuals mental state, 4 forgot

31、ten relationship with the individual learning process and learning style24., the function of imagination: 1, with the role of foresight; 2, with the complementary role of knowledge; 3, with the role of regulating the mood; 4, with the role of substitution; 5, the bodys physiological activities of th

32、e process of regulation25., emotional function: 1, emotion is the psychological tool to adapt to survival; 2, to stimulate psychological activities and behavioral motivation 3; the organizational role of psychological activities 4; emotion is the means of interpersonal communication26.: the will of

33、the quality and consciousness of the distribution of active action, so that it can achieve the goal, decisive: distinguish right from wrong, to achieve reasonable decision quickly, and tenacity: keep your energy, to achieve the purpose, refuse to be cowed or submit: self conscious control of emotion

34、al motivation, constraint action and languageThe relationship between 27. personality and stress, personality is the core of personality: factors and stress effects in the system of personal perception, life events and personality affect cognitive appraisal, coping style, personality and personality

35、 affect social support personality and stress reaction, the formation and the degree of contact28., Maslows hierarchy of needs theory: 1, physiological needs 2, security needs 3, belongingness and love needs, 4 respect needs, 5, the need for self actualizationHumorism 29. the temperament and the hig

36、her nervous activity type temperament humorism proposed by Hippocrates, types of higher nervous activity proposed by Pavlov sanguine: generous, warm, lively, happy, low sensitivity choleric: irritable, emotional impulsiveness phlegmatic: quiet, emotional indifference, not active,Low sensitivity, dep

37、ressed quality: sentimental, delicate heart30. diagnostic criteria for psychological disorders: introspective experience standards, statistical standards, objective criteria, and social adjustment criteria31. stress intervention strategies: control or avoid life events; change cognitive evaluation;

38、improve social support; coping instruction; relaxation training32. the standard of mental health: 1, have full self sense of security 2, can fully understand themselves, and can properly estimate their capacity of 3 and 4, not realistic life ideal from the realistic environment around 5, to maintain

39、 the integrity and harmonious personality 6, good at learning from experience, maintain a good 7 8, the interpersonal relationship can moderate emotional catharsis and mood control in 9, to meet the requirements of the group under the premise, to maximize the personality of 10, without violating the

40、 premise of social norms, can properly meet the basic needs of the people33.Beck believes that cognitive dissonance hypothesis error logic: 1, extreme thinking, with all or none, black and white of the way of thinking and interpretation; 2, subjective well off, there is no evidence supporting or mak

41、e arbitrary negative conclusions 3, selective generalization, is only a a local details make the overall conclusion; 4, extended by a chance, have faith not appropriately applied to other situations; 5, exaggerated and narrow, with a larger or smaller than the actual significance to perceive events

42、or situations; 6, that will tend to personalized, some events linked with their own according to the case in the absence of.34. taking into account the psychological abnormality: 1, common sense to distinguish: appear bizarre speech, thought and behavior; showing emotional experience and performance

43、 over time; its social function is not complete; influence others to social life and Psychology 2 distinction: the principle of unity of subjective world and the objective world; the inner psychological activities the coordination principle; the principle of relative stability of personality35., sev

44、en kinds of health protection behaviors: never smoking, regular physical activities, sleeping seven or eight hours at night, maintaining normal weight, moderate drinking or not drinking, eating breakfast, and rarely eating snacks between two meals36., four kinds of health damage behaviors: bad lifes

45、tyle and habits, unhealthy feeling, behavior, daily damage to health behavior, pathogenic behavior patterns37.HBM consists of six parts: (1) perceived susceptibility; (2) perceived threats; (3) perceived benefits; (4) perceived barriers; (5) action cues; (6) self efficacy; () self efficacyIncluding

46、the 38. influencing factors of health behavior: 1, folk medicine, 2, cultural environment and cultural adaptation, 3, education, occupation, income, social status and the difference between urban and rural areas 4, 5, industrial backward customs and media publicity, 6, medical model39., the patients

47、 psychological needs: the physiological needs of patients during the period, the safety needs of patients during the period, social contacts and needs, the need for respect during the illness, the need for self achievement during the illness40. principles of psychosomatic disease treatment: psycholo

48、gical intervention goals, elimination of psychological and social stimuli, elimination of psychological causes, elimination of biological symptoms and principles of psychosomatic treatment41. reasons: first, insomnia, mental disorders such as depression, anxiety, phobia, can cause insomnia; two, psy

49、chosocial factors such as family and marriage, career and other issues, the significant events of the psychological trauma, the fear of insomnia can cause insomnia, three anti physiological clock caused by: above all night network, time, shift; four, some drugs, food and environmental changes can le

50、ad to insomnia, five other diseases: such as some body disease and brain disorders, can also cause insomnia42. postoperative psychological disorders: first, postoperative consciousness disorder two, postoperative mental illness three, postoperative depression four. Postoperative anxiety43., preoperative psychological reactions: preoperative anxiety: mainly for the operation of worr