宾语从句中考考点教学内容

1、此文档仅供收集于网络，如有侵权请联系网站删除宾语从句中考考点宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语，或位于间接宾语之后。宾语从句在初中英语语法中有着相当重要的地位，几乎每年的中考都有对宾语从句不同角度的考查。其考查的重点一般都集中在以下几个方面：一、考查宾语从句的引导词 宾语从句的连接词分为三类：1. 若由陈述句转化而来的宾语从句，其引导词由 体意义，在口语或非正式文体中常省略 . eg:1.He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.2.I am sure (that) he will succeed.2. 当宾语

2、从句由一般疑问句变来时，其引导词由 选择。Eg:1.I want to know if (whether) he lives there.2.He asked me whether (if) I could help him. whether 和 if 用法巧计： 主从表从同位从， ifthat 引导；不过 that 只起引导作用，无具他说他想呆在家里。 我相信他会成功。或 whether 引导，意为“是否” ，表示if我想知道他是否住那儿。 他问我是否可帮帮他。 不用 whether 用； discuss 加介后， whether 引导宾语从； 不定式， or not 后面跟， whethe

3、r 独能显神通； 宾从如时否定句， if 发挥其功用； 避免歧义要慎重，其他情况可换用。但在下列几种情况下只用 whether ，注意：在引导宾语从句时， if 和 whether 一般可换用， 不用 if 。当 or not 紧随引导词之后时。Eg:1.We didnt know whether or not she was ready. 当从句用作介词宾语时。Eg:1.I am interested in whether he joined the army. 当宾语从句移至句首表强调时。Eg:1.Whether this is true or not, Im not sure.4. 在不

4、定式前用 whetherEg:I don t know whether to stay here.(不过 if 可引导条件状语从句， whether 则不可。)3. 当宾语从句由特殊疑问句变来时，则特殊疑问词便是引导词(如 who /whose /what / which;when/where/why/how 等)，它们均充当一定成分，一般不可省略。Eg:1.Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for?你知道他们在等谁？2.Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?你能告诉我三路车站在哪儿？3.I don

5、t know why the train is late.我不知道火车为什么晚点了？注意：引导词的选择应依据句子成分及具体语境。宾语从句的引导词练习题： 1.-5.ABACB 6-11.CCABAA我们不知道她是否已经做好准备。我对他是否入伍很感兴趣。这是否真实，我不敢肯定。1.The teacher asked me I needed any help. A. whether B. that C. what2. Do you still remember_ he came here？ Yes， I do. He came by bus.A. when B. how C. what3.Do y

6、ou know we will talk about at tomorrows meeting ？A. what B. that C. where4. Could you tell me she is looking for？Her cousin ， Susan.A. what B. whose C. who5.I dont know Tom will go or not.A. what B. whether C. how6.Bob didn t tell the others he found it.A. what B. that if C. how只供学习与交流此文档仅供收集于网络，如有侵

7、权请联系网站删除7. Do you know we ll get there at 3:00 this afternoon? I m afraid we ll be late. A. that B. how C.whether8. Could you tell me they have done with the rubbish? A. what B. where C. how9. Do you know I could pass the exam? Sorry, I have no idea.A. that B. whether C. what10. The foreigner asked

8、me I could speak English.A. if B. what C. that11. This is not my watch. Do you know it is?A. whose B. which C. who二、考查宾语从句的语序 无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，也无论主从句之间是什么引导词，宾语从句一律用陈述 句语序即“引导词 +主语+谓语 +其他”结构。从句中不会出现像 do,did,does 这三个无意义 的助动词。常用的出题形式为单项选择题、 句型转换题（直接引语转换为间接引语此类的题） Eg:1.I think （that） you will like this sc

9、hool soon.我认为你不久就会喜欢这所学校。2. Can you tell me how I can get to zoo?你能告诉我怎样才能到达动物园好吗？3. Please tell me when we ll have the meeting.请告诉我什么时候开会。宾语从句的语序练习题： 1-5.ACCAB 6-11.BAACCC1.I want to know the day after tomorrow.A. what he will do B. what will he do C. what he did2. The teacher asked Lucy . A. where

10、 does she come fromB. what did she like best C. if she could speak Chinese3. Could you tell me ? A. when shall we startB. who are you waiting for C. where the nearest bus stop is4. Excuse me, could you tell me ? Certainly. It s over there along thestreet on the left. A. where the Peoples Park isB. w

11、here is the People s Park C. the Peoples Park is where5. By the way, do you know the National Spelling Bee? No, I never heard of it. Tell me ,please.A. what is it B. what it is C. it is what6. He asked his classmate where . A. does his teacher see the filmB. his teacher saw the film C. did his teach

12、er see the film7.I want to know.A. what his name is B. whats his name C. that his name is8. Jim doesnt understand .A. which is the way to the museumB. why his wife always go shopping C. what is the way to the museum9. My friend didnt tell me . A. which room he livedB. which room did he live inC. whi

13、ch room he lived in10. He asked his father .A. where it happens B. where did it happen C. how it happened11. -Do you know now? 一 In the Peoples Hotel A where is Tom working B where did Tom work Cwhere Tom is working三. 考查宾语从句的时态宾语从句的时态必须与主句的时态保持一致 , 规则如下：1. 如果主句是为一般现在时或祈使句、一般将来时或现在完成时，则宾语从句的谓语动词可 根据意

14、义上的需要选用任何一种适当的时态 （ 即：此时从句的时态就不受主句限制， 宾语从句 该用什么时态就用什么时态 ） ；Eg:1.Please tell us where he is. 请告诉我们他在哪儿。2. Do you know how Kate came here? 你知道凯特怎么来这儿的吗？3. Tell me at what time the ship is leaving.告诉我船什么时候出发？此文档仅供收集于网络，如有侵权请联系网站删除2. 若主句是一般过去时态 , 宾语从句只能用过去的某种时态 , 如一般过去时、过去进行时、 过去将来时或过去完成时。 （ 即：主过从过 ）Eg:1

15、.He asked what time it was. 他问什么时候了。2. He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet. 他告诉我他正在为运动会作准备。3.She asked if you had written to Peter. 她问你是否给皮特写过信。4. He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon. 他说他不久就返回美国3. 如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象、名言、警句等，则不管主句是 何种时态，从句常用一般现在时。Eg:1.Our teacher sai

16、d that January is the first month of the year. 我们老师说 January 是一年中的第一个月。2.Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun. 科学家已证实地球绕着太阳转。4. 以 could/would 等开头的句子，要看成一般现在时 （ 是一种委婉说法 ） ，不可看成一般过去 时。 （即：情态动词 could / would 用于“请求”，表示委婉、客气的语气时，从句时态不 受主句的约束。 ）Eg:1.Could you tell me? How can I get t

17、o the post office? （ 合并成宾语从句 ） f Could you tell me how I can get to the post office?（其中 can 不可改为 could）2. Excuse me, could you tell me when we will visit the new Olympic Center? 宾语从句的时态练习题： 1-5.BCBCB 6-10.CCCCA 11-17 CAAACCC1. Could you please tell me ? It s next to the post office.A.where is the su

18、permarket B.where the supermarket is C.where the supermarket was2. Do you know this time yesterday? A. what she is doingB. what was she doing C. what she was doing3.Oh, this is really a big shop. Do you know when it ?A. built B. was built C. has been built4. What did your PE teacher say about your h

19、igh jump at the sports meeting? He said that I better. A. can do B. will do C. could do5. Could you let me know yesterday ? Because the traffic was heavy.A. why did you come late B. why you came late C. why you come late6. The teacher asked me .A. why do I come late B. why I come late C. why I came

20、late7Could you tell me whom the radio by?一 Sorry ，I have no idea A invents B invented C was invented8.I didn t understand , so I raised my hand to ask.A. what my teacher says B. what does my teacher say C. what my teacher said9. May I see Mr Li ， please ？Well，Im afraid hes out at the moment. I think

21、 he back soon. A. come B. comes C. will come10. We were told that light_ much faster than sound. A. travels B. traveled C. was11. What did he say？He asked me.A. what is the young mans telephone numberB. what the young mans telephone number isC. what the young mans telephone number was12. The teacher

22、 told us yesterday that December 25 Christmas DayA isB wasC has been13. The teacher said that the earth round the sunA goesB goC went14. We d like to tell you that you the examAhave passedB.had passedCpass此文档仅供收集于网络，如有侵权请联系网站删除15. Could you tell me? Yes They to the library A.where are the twins ， ha

23、ve been B.where were the twins ， have beenC. where the twins are ， have gone16.Our father said that he a new computer next week A.will buy B.have bought C.would buy17.I hear that he to Beijing yesterdayA goes Bwill goC.went四考察宾语从句人称的变化当把带引号的句子变成宾语从句时 （即：把直接引语变间接引语） ，人称的相应变化是个考查 重点，它遵循一个原则，“一随主，二随宾，三

24、不变”。具体的讲，即直接引语中的人称在 宾语从句中要发生变化，如果是第一人称则要随着主句的主语变，是第二人称就要随着主句 的宾语变化，如果是第三人称就不需要变化了。此类题常以句型转换的形式考查。Eg： 1 “Do you want to try it? ” Toms mot her asked him.（ 同义句）Toms mother asked him if he wanted to try it.2. My mother told me .” He will come to see me. ” （同义句） My mother told me he would come to see he

25、r五. 考查宾语从句与状语从句的辨析（考查 if/when 引导的从句是宾语从句还是状语从句） 英语中连词if, when具有双重功能，既能引导宾语从句，又能引导状语从句。当if和when等用来引导条件状语从句和时间状语从句 , 主句的谓语动词为一般将来时时 , 从句中的谓 语动词要用一般现在时表示将来。当 if 和 when 用来引导宾语从句时 , 如果主句是现在时 或将来时 , 从句中的谓语动词要用一般将来时表示将来。1. 当 if 引导宾语从句（意为“是否” ）时，根据时态呼应原则，宾语从句可选用将来时；但当 if 引导条件状语从句（意为“如果” ）时，若主句的谓语动词为一般将来时，则

26、if 从句 的谓语动词应用一般现在时表示将来时间。Eg:1.If you ask him, he will help you. （状语从句）如果你向他请求，他会帮助你。2. My wife wants to know if Mary needs any help.（宾语从句）我妻子想知道玛丽是否需要帮忙。2. when 引导宾语从句时，意为“什么时候” ，由其引导的宾语从句应为陈述语序； when 引 导时间状语从句时，意为“当的时候”，从句的谓语动词应该用一般现在时表示将来时间。Eg:1.I dont know when Mr Green will comeback.Whenhe comes

27、 back， you must tell me.上句中的when引导的是宾语从句，谓语动词用一般将来时表示将要发生的动作；下 句中的when引导的是时间状语从句，谓语动词应用一般现在时表示将来时间。考查 if/when 引导的从句是宾语从句还是状语从句练习题： 1-5.BABAA1. I dont know if his uncle .I think he if it doesnt rain.A. will come ， comes B. will come ， will come C. comes ， comes2. I want to know when_have a field trip

28、. Well have it when all the work .A. you will; is finish B. you will; finishes C. you will; is finished3. Do you know when Dr White for dinner this evening?No, but I think he when he is free.A. will come; comes B. will come; will come C. comes; comes4.I don t know if it tomorrow. If it, I will stay

29、at home.A. will rain; rains B. rains; will rain C. will rain; will rain5. We are not sure if it tomorrow. If it, our sports meeting will be put off.A. will rain; rains B. rains; will rain C. will rain; will rain六. 考查宾语从句中的“否定转移”现象 在带有宾语从句的复合句中，当宾语从句表示否定的意义时， 若主句主语为第一人称 I 或 we 且谓语动词是think （认为believe

30、（相信）/suppose （假定，猜想expect （期待）/ guess（猜此文档仅供收集于网络，如有侵权请联系网站删除想）/ imagine（ 想象 ）等表示心理活动的词 时，往往把从句中的否定词前移至主句的谓语部分 , 即否定主句中的动词 。这种现象习惯上称为“否定转移” 。若只满足一个条件变否定看从句。 Eg:I. I don t think chicken can swim2. He said that he would not go shopping3. Shall we invite our teacher to the party？ Thats a good idea. But

31、 I _thinkshecome. A. dont , will B. x, wont C. wont , will D. do , wont七 . 考查 含有宾语从句的主从复合句的反意疑问句1. 当陈述部分是一个带有 that 从句作宾语的复合句 , 附加部分应与主句的主语和谓语保持一 致.Eg:1.She say that you need help ,doesnt she ?2. Tom said that he was late for school,didnt he ?2. 当主句的谓语动词是 think,believe, suppose等, 而主句的主语是 I 或 we 时,附加问

32、句应与从句的主语和谓语保持一致 . 还要注意从句的否定前移 .Eg:1.I think you are right ,arent you ?2. I don t think she can swim ,can she ?3. 当主句的谓语动词是 think,believe, suppose等, 而主句的主语不是 I 或 we, 而是其他人称如 you ,he 等时, 附加问句应与主句的主语和谓语保持一致 .Eg:She thought that they would go swimming ,didnt she ?考查含有宾语从句的主从复合句的反意疑问句练习题： 1-3.BCA 宾语从句的主从

33、复合句的反意疑问句练习题： 1-3.BCA1.I don t think he is right_?Aisn t heBis heCdo I2.He believes she is right?Adoesnt heB does heC isn t she3.I thought that he disliked playing football， ?，Adidn t heBdid heCdidn t I八 . 考查宾语从句的简化宾语从句在一定条件下可以简化为动词不定式（短语）“疑问词+不定式”结构、it+adj+不定式或复合宾语结构。具体如下：1. 当主句谓语动词是 hope/agree/cho

34、ose/wish/decide/ promise 等，其后跟带 that 的宾语 从句，若主从句主语相同时，从句可以简化为动词不定式结构。eg:1).Li Ming hopes he will be back very soon. Li Ming hopes to be back very soon.f We decided to help him.f He decided to visit our school.2) .We decided that we would help him.3) .He decides that he will visit our school.He decid

35、es to visit our school.4) .He decided that he would visit our school.2. 当主句谓语动词是 know/learn/forget/remember/tell/ decide 等时，其后带有疑问词引 导的宾语从句 , 若主从句主语相同，则该从句可简化为“疑问词 +不定式”结构 .eg:1）.She has forgotten how she can open the window.fShe has forgotten how to open the2) .I dont know how I can get there.3) .I

36、 dont know what I should do next.3. 当主句谓语动词为 ask/ tell/ show/ teachask/ tell/ show/ teachf I dont know how to get there. fI dont know what to do next.等时，后接双宾语 , 其后带有疑问词引导的宾此文档仅供收集于网络，如有侵权请联系网站删除语从句；这时如果 从句主语和 主句的间接宾语一致，宾语从句也可以简化为 “疑问词 +不定式” 结构。eg:1).Could you tell me how I can get to the statio n? f

37、Could you tell me how to get to2).Please tell me where I should show my ticket.fPlease tell me where to show my4. 当主句的谓语动词是 order (命令)require (需要)等时，如果主句和从句的主语不一致，宾语从句可简化为“名词(代词)+不定式”结构。eg:1).The headmaster ordered that we should start at once.fThe headmaster ordered us to start at once.5. 当主句谓语动词为感

38、官动词 see, hear, watch, 或动词 find 等词时，其后 that 宾语从句常简化为“感官动词 / find+ 宾语+宾语补足语”构，此时的宾语由从句的主语转化而来,而宾语补足语通常是 1. 形容词或形容词短语、 2. 省 to 的不定式 3. 过去分词或过去分词短语 形式 ,4. 动词的 -ing 形式eg:1).They found that the box was very heavy.fThey found the box very heavy2) .I heard that she sang some songs in the next room.fI heard

39、her sing some songs in the next room.3) .Soon we found that the ground was covered with thick snow.fSoon we found the ground covered with thick snow.。4) .The teacher found that the boy was very interested in maths.fThe teacher found the boy very interested in maths.5) .I saw that some children were

40、playing in the park.fI saw some children playing in the park.6) Cant you see that your father is sitting under the tree ?fCant you see your father sitting under the tree ?7) He felt that his heart was beating fast.f He felt his heart beating fast.6. 当宾语从句的形式主语是 it, 真实主语是动词不定时 ,宾语从句可简化为 /it + 形容词 + 不

41、定式短语”eg:1)I found that it was difficult to learn English well.fI found it difficult to learn English well.7. 某些动词后的宾语从句，可以用介词加动名词(短语)等其他形式简化。Eg: 1).He insisted that he should go with us.fHe insisted on going with us.8. 某些动词后的宾语从句可以简化为名词或名词短语。eg:1).Ill take back what I said.fIll take back my words. 我

42、将收回我的话2) .Could you tell us how we can get to the museum?fCould you tell us the way to the museum?3) .The poor boy doesnt know when and where he was born.fThe poor boy doesnt know the time and the place of his birth.9. 某些动词后的宾语从句可以简化为动名词或动名词短语 .此文档仅供收集于网络，如有侵权请联系网站删除Eg:1) .1 remember that I have tol

43、d her the truth.fI remember telling her the truth.2).I forget I have closed the window.f I forget closing the window.10. 动词seem后的宾语从句，可以用不定式(短语)来简化，但句型需要进行适当 的变化，形式主语 it 通常需用从句主语替换。 ：eg:1).It seems that he is ill.f He seems to be ill.2).It seemed that the boys were going to win.fThe boys seemed to w

44、in.宾语从句的简化练习：不改变句义将下列主从复合句改成简单句1. Toms father saw that he was sitting on some eggsToms father saw on some eggs.2. Mrs white told Tom that he couldn t throw paper on the ground.Mrs White told Tom paper on the ground.3. Please tell me where we show our tickets.Please tell me show our tickets.4. Can yo

45、u tell me how I can get to the post office?Can you tell me the the post office?5. They doesnt know when they are going to repair the watch.They doesn t know repair the watch.6. The teacher told the boys what they should do and how they should do it.The teacher told the boys do and do it.7. Li Ming h

46、opes he will be back very soon.fMing very soon.8.It seems that he is ill.f He ill.9.1 t seemed that the boys were going to win.fThe boys .10.1 remember that I have told her the truth.fI remember her the truth11.1 forget I have closed the window.fI forget .12.1 wil take back what I said.f I will take

47、 back .13. Could you tell us how we can get to the museum?fCould you tell us .14. The poor boy doesn t know when and where he was born. fThe poor boy doesn t know the time and of his birth.15. He insisted that he shouldgo with us. fHe insisted with us.16.1 found that it was difficult to learn Englis

48、h well.fI found it English well.17.They found that the box was very heavy.fThey found .18.1 heard that she sang some songs in the next room.fI heard some songs in the next room.19.Soon we found that the ground was covered with thick snow.fSoon we found with thick snow.20. He felt that his heart was

49、beating fast.He felt fast.21. The headmaster ordered that we should start at once.f此文档仅供收集于网络，如有侵权请联系网站删除The headmaster ordered at once中考宾语从句考点仿真练习1. The teacher asked me I hadn t done my homework.A. how B. what C. why D. if2. - I don t know she is.-Her mother says she is much better these days.A. who B. how C. what D. where3. - Are you sure you have to? Its been v ery late.- I don t know I can do it if not now.A. where B. why C. when D. how4. Would you please tell me ?A. when did he come home B. where he wou