最新中考语法专题复习-介词及介词短语

1、 中考语法复习介词及介词短语【考点直击】1.常用介词及其词组的主要用法及意义2.介词表示时间、方位、方式别的基本用法3.一些易混介词的辨析【语法讲解】 介词的功能the boy over there is johns brother. (定语)help yourself to some fish. (宾语补足语) 介词和种类（1）表时间的介词i havent heard from him since last summer.after five days the boy came back.he will be back in two months.he will arrive after f

2、our oclock.he returned after a month.（2）表示地点的介词1）at, in, onhe arrived in shanghai yesterday.精品文档 they arrived at a small village before dark.there is a big hole in the wall.the teacher put up a picture on the wall.we flew above the clouds.they put some flowers on the teachers desk.3） across, through

3、4) in front of, in the front of1).表示某一具体时间点，某一时刻/ 年龄at six oclock at noon at that timeat the moment at the age of at nightin the morning/afternoon /eveningin his fiftieson monday on new years dayapril 1st ,2007on sunday morning on a rainy night注意:写街道时,若有门牌号用 at ,否则用 on / in 都可.he lives at 270 dongch

4、anganstreet.1.in 表示 a 地在 b 地范围之内.(包含关系)tanwan is _ the southeast of china .精品文档 2.on 表示 a,b 地接壤.(外切关系)hubei is _ the north of hunan .japan is _ the east of china .the song is popular _ the students.四.after / in 在之后he will come back _ two days .五.with / in / by 表示 “用”1.with 表示 “用” 一般指有形的工具 / 手段 / 人体器

5、官.he cut the apple into halves _ a knife .注: with 表伴随, “带有,含有”he wrote a letter _ blue ink .3.by 表示乘坐交通工具, 表示方式,方法i study for a test _ working with a group .he makes a living _ selling newspapers .注意: 同义词组1).by phone = on the phone3).in pen = with a pen = with pens1.across 指横穿,穿过. 表示动作从某一物体表面上经过.2.t

6、hrough 指穿过,透过,表示从某一物体空间内通过.3.over 表示从某人或某物的上空经过或越过,不与表面接触.4.by 表示从某人/某物的旁边经过.can you swim _ the river ?there is a big tree in _ front of our classroom.精品文档 八.其它介词的用法：2)at 表示 “价格或速度”2.in 的其它用法:the train ran at 120 kilometres an hour .1)in 表示 “在方面”词组:do well in = be good at be weak in2).besdies 除了之外,还

7、有 . 包括在范围之内.we all went swimming _ lucy .a).without + sb./ sth. 没有某人或某物b).without + doing sth .he left here without_(say ) “goodbye”to usc). without sth 常与 if 引导的否定的条件句.人或物在树上.there are some apples _ the tree .there is a boy _ the tree.8.since / for 注: since / for 用于现在完成时.1).since :a).since +时间点2)fo

8、r: for +一段时间= since +一段时间+ ago精品文档 9.be made +介词的区别:11.inside / outside2).含有 this, that, these, those, last, next, every, each等时间状语.he went to wuhan last week .beginwith 从开始 believe in 相信call for 要求约请call on 拜访 访问carry on 继续开展check out 查明 结帐come about 发生，产生come out 出来care for 喜欢精品文档 comparewith 与比较c

9、ut off 切断go abroad 出国go on with 继续grow up 生长keep off 让开，不接近lead to 导致look down upon 看不起look into 调查look(a) round 仔细查看set up 建立stand for 代表，象征suffer from 遭受think of 考虑，想起turn down 调低worry about 担心be found of 喜欢be interested in 对有兴趣 be keen on 热衷于be confident in 对有信心 be short of 缺乏be proud of 对感到骄傲be

10、ashamed of 为感到羞耻be worried about 为担心 be aware of 意识到be different from 和不同be famous for 因而出名1)英语中有大量成语由介词构成，单是一些常用介词就可构成大量成语：at:at last 最后精品文档 at random 随意地，胡乱地at the same time (与此)同时at the time 此刻，这时at will 任意地by:by all means 想一切办法by chance 偶然by choice 出于自愿by day(night) 白天(夜间)by mistake 错误地，误把by sur

11、prise 突然，出其不意in:by daylight 在大白天by force 靠武力in addition(to) 此外(除之外)in all 总共in case of 在情况下in danger 处于危险中in demand 有需求in ones opinion 在(某人)看来in public(private) 公开(私下)地in short 总之in the middle of 在中间on:on guard 有警惕，值班on holiday 在休假on sale 在出售on the contrary 相反on time 准时on the way 在路上out of:out of ac

12、tion 失灵out of breath 气喘吁吁精品文档 out of hand 失去控制out of order 坏了one after another 一个接一个地 one by one 一个接一个hand in hand 手牵手地day by day 一天一天地day after tomorrow 后天from beginning to end 从头至尾 from bad to worse 越来越糟from time to time 不时地 from head to foot 浑身from morning to night 从早到晚 from start to finish 从头至尾f

13、rom door to door 挨门挨户地 from place to place 到各地2i forgot to bring the key _ my office.3. youll get one thousand dollars _.a after all b at all c in all d all together【课堂作业】i. 用适当的介词填空。1.im sorry i cant say it _ chinese.2.do you usually go to school _bike?3.look, the farmer is carrying apples _ a truc

14、k.4.is anyone _ home?精品文档 8. _ the beginning of this term, i met my new friend, jim .9.there are a few leaves _the tree.10.the girl _ the red coat is my sister.11.could you give an orange _ me?12.its time to go _bed.13.i can see a bottle _ orange.22.may i borrow a pencil _ you?23.dont sleep _ the op

15、en air.35.eating too much isnt good _ your health.36.im afraid he is _ the cinema _ the moment.37.thanks _ asking me to your party.38.my watch is very different _ yours.39.whats the weather _today?40.the student is asking his teacher _the sports meeting.ii.选择填空。( )41. _ the money, she bought a new c

16、oat _ her father.a. with, for b. with, to( )42. the beautiful bottle was made _ glass.a. from b. in c. of d. by( )43. this is a map_china.c. for, with d. to, witha. inb. atc. ofd. on精品文档 ( )44. a group_ boys and girls are dancing in the park.b. ofa .by b .on c .at d .in( )56. i remember susan left _

17、a very cold morning of january.a .in b .on c .at d .from( )58. dont tell anybody about it .keep it _ you and me.a .among b .between c .in d .with精品文档 【家庭作业】一、用适当的介词填空：2、-lucy likes sports very much.a. for; with b. to; to c. with to d. at; with8、its dangerous _ with the wild animal.a. for us to play b. of us playingc. for us playingd. of us to play精品文档 9、 people from different parts of the world will go to london _the olympic games this10、would you please sho