高考英语It的用法(专项总结及训练)

1、资料有 大小学习网收集 it的用法（专项总结及训练）一、人称代词1，it的最基本用法是作代词，主要指刚提到的事物，以避免重复: they watched the train until it disappeared in the distance.2.，也可以指动物或婴儿(未知性别的婴儿或孩子): is this your dog？no, it isnt.they got a baby and it was a ten-pounder3.，也可指抽象事物或指抽象环境和情景:i hate it when people talk with a full mouth.二

2、、.非人称代词 1.it有时并不指具体的东西而泛指天气、时间、日期、距离、价值、度量、温度、环境等： .指天气：it is a lovely day, isnt it? .指时间: it was nearly midnight when she came back.指日期:it is april first today.指距离:it is some 3000 kilometers from beijing to guangzhou.指价值:it is three dollars.指温度:today it is 30 degrees centigrade. 三、其他用法1.在句子的主语不太明确时

3、充当主语，表示谁在做某事： who is it there? its i (me/you/he.). i thought it was mary, but it was not she. her facelighted when she saw who it was. 2.泛泛的指某件事： (有时泛指一般情况) it doesnt matter. it is a shame, isnt it? how is it going?(情况怎样) it says in the newspaper that.3.it用在一些词组中，it 没有特别的意思 the last trains gone. com

4、e on, well foot it.(来，咱们步行吧。)四、作形式主语，替代主语从句，动词不定式，或动名词短语：1.作形式主语替代主语从句 it is clear ( obvious， true， possible， certain.) that 从句 常译为清楚的（显然的，真的，可能的,肯定的） it is very clear that hes round and tall like a tree. = that hes round and tall like a tree is very clear. it is important ( necessary， right， strang

5、e， natural.) that 从句 常译为是重要的(必要的,对的,奇怪的,自然的).that 后的从句中要用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should 可以省去，建议记住该句型中的形容词。 it is important that we (should) learn english well. it is necessary that he (should) remember these words. it is said (reported/ learned/believed/thought/known/told/hoped.) that 从句 常译为据说（据报道，据悉）。

6、it is said that he has come to beijing. it is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit. it is suggested ( advised/ ordered / demanded/ insisted/ commanded. ) that 从句.that后的从句要用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should 可以省；常译为据建议；有命令） it is suggested that the meeting ( should ) be put off. it w

7、as ordered that we ( should ) arrive there in two hours. it is time ( about time ，high time ) that从句(虚拟语气:动词用过去时did) it is time that children went to bed. it is time you bought a new car. it is (high ) time you made up your mind.it is the first ( second . ) time that从句(从句用现在完成时 have done ) it was th

8、e first ( second . ) time that从句(从句用过去完成时had done ) 常译为是第一（二）次。 it is the first time i have been here. = this is the first time i have been hereit is a pity ( a shame /an honour/a good thing/a fact,/a surprise/. ) that从句. that后的从句一般用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should可省去表示出乎意料，常译为竟然。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。 it is a

9、pity that such a thing ( should ) happen in your class. 这种事竟然发生在你们班 上，真是遗憾！ it is a pity that he is ill. 他生病了，真遗憾！ it happens (seems， looks， appears ) that从句.常译为 “ 碰巧,似乎是,看起来” it happened ( so happened ) that he met his teacher in the street. 碰巧. it seems that he will be back in a few days. 看来 2.作形式

10、主语替代不定式. it is kind ( of sb. ) to do sth. 不定式的逻辑主语是由 of引起，主句中的形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语特征的褒义或贬义形容词。 常见的词有： bad ， brave ， careless， clever ， cruel ， foolish ， good （好心的）， honest ， horrible ， kind ， lazy ， modest ， naughty ， nice（有教养的）， polite， rude ， silly ， stupid ， wise ， wrong（错误的）等。 这个句型可以改写为：sb. is kind to

11、do sth. 。 如:it is kind of you to say so. = you are kind to say so. it is necessary ( for sb. ) to do sth. .不定式的逻辑主语是由for引起，主句中的形容词通常是表示重要性，紧迫性，频繁程度，难易，安全等情况的中性形容词。 常见的形容词有： important， necessary， natural easy ， safe ， common ， normal ， hard ， difficult ， dangerous ， unusual， rare ， impossible ， pleas

12、ant 如:it is important for her to come to the party. = it is important that she (should ) come to the party. it takes sb. . to do sth. 常译为做要花费某人。 如:it took thousands of people many years to build the great wall. 3.作形式主语替代动名词短语it is no good / no use / useless doing sth. 常译为 “有好处或没有用” it is no good lea

13、rning english without speaking english. its useless trying to argue with shylock.五、作形式宾语，代替不定式，动名词短语或宾语从句。we think it important to learn a foreign language. 该句型中的it 作形式宾语，该结构中常用的动词有：think, believe, make ,find consider, feel； 如:we think it our duty to clean our classroom every day. he felt it importa

14、nt learning english well. they found it difficult that they would finish their work in two days.the internet makes it easier for companies to keep in touch with customers.六、.it的重要句型 1.强调句型: it is/was + 被强调部分 + that 从句 (被强调的主语如果是人，that可以由who换用) it was about 600 years ago that the first clock with a f

15、ace and an hour hand was made. it was they that (who ) cleaned the classroom yesterday.it was in the street that i met her father. it was yesterday that i met her in the street.it is you that /who are wrong.特例:it is not until + 被强调部分 + that . 该句型也是强调句型。主要用于强凋时间状语，译成汉语直到才，可以说是 not . until . 的强调形式。 it

16、 was not until she took off her dark glasses that i realized she was a famous film star.= not until she took off her dark glasses did i realize she was a famous film star.= i didnt realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses.choose the best answer 1.ittookusoveranhour_alon

17、gthestreet.a.walk b.towalkc.walking d.walked2.ithinkitagreathonour_tovisityourcountry.a.toinviteb.inviting c.havinginvitedd.tobeinvited3.manypeoplenowmake_aruletobuycardsfortheirfriendsbeforechristmas.a.themselvesb.itc.thatd.this4._isverycleartoeveryonethathesroundandtalllikeatree.a.thisb.whatc.that

18、d.it5.intheunitedstates,bustraveldoesntcostmuchastraintravel,_?a.donttheyb.doesit c.dotheyd.doesntit6.someoneisatthedoor,whois_?a.thisb.thatc.itd.he7.itisrainingcatsanddogs._.a.soitisb.soisit c.neitheritisd.neitherisit8.myhomeisinthattallbuildingoverthere._?a.canitseeb.canseeit c.canbeseenitd.canitb

19、eseen9._raininghardfor3hourswithoutstopping.a.itisb.itwasc.ithasbeend.ithadbeen10.hastheboygothisbicyclenow?yes,thepolicegave_.a.himtohimb.ittoitc.ittohimd.himtoit11.itsnouse_overspiltmilk.a.cryb.cryingc.thatyoucryd.foryoutocry12.itisimportant_theiroffer.a.rejectb.rejectsc.torejectd.rejecting13.has_

20、beendecidedwhenwearetoholdthesports-meeting?a.thatb.thisc.itd.what14.didlileicallmewhileiwasout?yes,itwas_thatcalledyou.a.himb.hec.whod.whom15.nothingiswrongwiththeradio_?a.isntitb.isthatc.isitd.isntthat16.idontknow_makesherafraidofhavingherbusinessdiscussed.a.whatitisaboutmarythat b.thatisitabutmar

21、ywhat c.whatisitaboutmarythat d.thatisaboutmarywhat17. .itwaswith greatjoy_hereceivedthenewsthathislonglostsonwouldreturnhomea.asb.thatc.sod.for18.idontthink_difficultforachinesestudenttomasteraforeignlanguagewithinfiveyearsa.thatb.itc.tood.very19.itsthesecondtimeyou_latethisweek.a.arriveb.arrivedc.

22、havearrivedd.hadarrived20.itwillnotbe_wemeetagain.a.longbeforeb.beforelong c.soonafterd.shortlyafter21.itsdemandedthatwe_thereonfoot.a.nottogo b.dontgo c.notgo d.wontgo22.“it”isoftenusedto_ababy.a.meantob.sticktoc.pointtod.referto23.itwasnotuntil1936_basketballbecamearegularpartoftheolympicgames.a.t

23、hatb.whenc.whichd.then24._youmettheenglishman?a.whereitwasthatb.whoitwasthat c.wherewasitthatd.wherewasthat25._thatshehasgonetotheunitedstates?a.wasittrueb.isittrue c.itistrued.itwastrue26._certainthathisinventionwillleadtothedevelopmentofproduction.a.thatsb.thisisc.itsd.whats27._in1914_thefirstworl

24、dwarbrokeout?a.wasthat,thatb.wasthat,whenc.wasit.thatd.wasit,when28.itisimportantthatshe_withmrwilliamsimmediately.a.speakb.spokec.willspeakd.tospeak29._thattheresanothergoodharvestthisyear.a.itsaysb.itissaidd.itwassaidd.hewassaid30.it isthefirsttime_theplay.a.ivewatchedb.illwatchc.iwatchd.iwouldwat

25、ch参考答案b 1.b2.d3.b4.d5.b 6.c7.a8.d9.c10.c 11.b12.c13.c14.b15 c 16.a17.b18.b19.c20.a 21.c22.d23.a24.c25.b 26.c27.c28.a29.b30.ait用法完全归纳一、it 作人称代词的用法1. 指事物作为人称代词，it 可以除人以外的一切事物或动物。如：i dropped my watch and it broke. 我把手表掉在地上摔坏了。its hard work, but i enjoy it. 工作很辛苦，可是我乐意干。“where is the dog?” “its in the b

26、edroom. ” “狗在哪?”“在卧室里”。2. 指人it 指人主要用于指不性别不明的婴儿或用于确认某人的身份。如：is it a boy or a girl? 是男孩还是女孩?there is a knock on the door. it must be the postman. 有人在敲门，一定是邮递员。【说明】在答语中，常用来指本人，如说 its me。3. 代替某些代词代词 it 还可用于代替指示代词this, that 以及复合不定代词 something, anything, nothing等。如：“whats this?” “its a new machine. ” “这是什

27、么?”“是一种新机器”。nothing is wrong, is it? 没出什么问题，是吗?二、it 作非人称代词的用法1. 基本用法it 作非人称代词的用法，主要用于指时间、距离、价值、天气、气候及温度等自然现象。如：its too late to go there now. 现在去那儿已经太迟了。it rained all day yesterday. 昨天下了一天的雨。it can get very hot here. 这里有时会很热。2. 用于某些句型its time for sth. 该做某事了。its time to do sth. 该做某事的时候了。its time for s

28、b to do sth. 某人该干某事了。its (about / high) time + that-从句. 某人该做某事了。(从句谓语用过去式，有时也用“should+动词原形”)its first (second) time + that-从句. 某人第几次干某事。(从句谓语用现在完成时)its + 时间段 + since-从句. 自从有一段时间了。its + 时间段 + before-从句. 过多长的时间才三、it用作形式主语1. 基本用法当不定式、动名词、从句等复杂成分用作句子主语时，为保持句子平衡，通常把真正的主语放在句末，而在句首使用形式主语it。如：its very impor

29、tant to remember this. 记住这一点很重要。its hard work climbing mountains. 爬山是费劲的事。its unknown when he will come. 他什么时候来还不知道。2. 用作形式主语的的重要句型(1) it + be + adj. for (of) sb to do sth 某人做某事it is hard for him to make up his mind. 他很难下定决心。it was foolish of her to say such a thing. 她说那样的话，真是太蠢了。【说明】介词 of 与 for 的区别

30、是：of 用于指某人的性格、属性、特征等，介词for表示对象，意为“对来说” (from )。(2) it takes sb + 时间段 + to do sth. 某人做某事花了时间it takes years to master a new language. 要花多年的时间才能掌握一门新的语言。【说明】此句型可以有以下多变种变体：it took me an hour to write the letter. =the letter took me an hour (to write). =i took an hour to write the letter

31、. 我写这封信花了一个小时。3) it is up to sb to do sth. 该由某人做某事its up to you to to make the choice. 得由你来作选择。(4) it look (seem, appear, happen, occur) that as if 似乎it seemed as though he didnt recognize me. 他似乎没认出我来。it happened that i was out when he called. 他打电话时我碰巧不在家。(5) if it were not for / if it hadnt been f

32、or 若不是因为if it were not for their help, we couldnt have got over the difficulties. 要不是他们帮助，这些困难我们不克服不了的。四、it用作形式宾语1. 基本用法当不定式、动名词、从句等复杂成分用作宾语且其后跟有宾语补足语时，通常会在宾语补足语前使用形式宾语，而将真正的宾语移至句末。其基本结构为“动词+it+宾语补足语+不定式(动名词或从句)”。如：i find it difficult to do the job well. 我发现做好这件事不容易。i think it best that you should s

33、tay here. 我认为你最好住这儿。we think it no use complaining. 我们认为抱怨是没有用的。2. 用作形式宾语的几个特殊结构(1) 动词+ it + that-从句。如：i like it that you came. 你来了，我很高兴。i take it (that) he will come on time. 我认为他会准时来的。you can put it that it was arranged before. 你可以说这是以前安排的。rumor has it that the defence minister will soon resign. 据

34、传闻，国防部长不久就要辞职。【说明】能用于此结构的动词不多，常见的有 have, take, put, like 等。(2) 动词 + it + when (if)-从句。如：i dislike it when you whistle. 我不爱听你吹口哨。(from )we really appreciate it when she offered to help. 她来帮忙了，我们十分感激。id prefer it if i didnt have to do so much work. 要是我不必做那么多工作，好就太好了。【说明】能用于此结构的动词不多，常见

35、的有 enjoy, hate, love, like, dislike, appreciate, prefer 等。(3) 动词 + prep + it + that-从句。如：see to it that youre not late again. 注意千万不要再迟到。look to it that this doesnt happen again. 注意不要再发生这种事。you may rely on it that hell come to meet you. 你放心，他会来接你的。i cant answer for it that he will come. 我不能保证他会来。(fro

36、m )【说明】能用于此结构的动词不多，常见的有see to, look to, insist on, stick to, depend on, answer for 等。(4) 动词 + it + 介词短语+ that-从句。如：i owe it to you that i am still alive. 多亏有你我才仍然活着。i took it for granted that he would help us. 我认为他会帮助我们的。【说明】能用于此结构的动词不多，常见的有take it for granted, bring it to sbs atten

37、tion, owe it to sb 等。高考语法 it用法小结来源：天星 更新日期：2007-11-11 点击： 9107it 用法小结虽不是高考的热点，但这两年全国各省市试题经常出现。我们不能疏忽。 下面是用法20条。 并通过高考试题进行巩固： 1.it is+被强调部分+that该句型是强调句型，将被强调的放在前面，其他部分置于之后，强调的主语如果是人，可以用来替换，如果把这种句型结构划掉后，应该是一个完整无缺的句子，这也是判断强调句型与其他从句的方法。it was they that (who) cleaned the classroom yesterday. it was in th

38、e street that i met her father.it was with great joy _he received the news that his lost daughter had been found. (2004 福建) a. because b. which c. since d. that(d) 2. it is not until +被强调的部分+ that 该句型译成汉语“直到才”，可以说是的强调形式。it was not until she took off her dark glasses that i realized she was a film st

39、ar. =not until she took off her dark glasses did i realize she was a film star. =i didnt realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses.it was _back home after the experiment. (2004 湖北) a. not until midnight did he go b. until midnight that he didnt go c. not until midnight t

40、hat he went d. until midnight when he didnt go (c) 3. it is clear (obvious, true, possible, certain) that.该句型中it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句，常译为“清楚（显然、真的、肯定）”是主语从句最常见的结构。it is very clear that hes round and tall like a tree.=that hes round and tall like a tree is very clear.4. it is important (necessary,

41、right, strange, natural) that该句型和上一句同属一个句型。由于主句中的形容词不同，that后的从句中要用虚拟语气（should+动词原形）should 可以省去。建议记住该句型中的形容词。it is important that we (should) learn english well.it is necessary that he (should) remember these words.5. it is said (reported, learned) that该句型中的it 仍是形式主语，真正的主语是that 引导的主语从句。该结构常译为“据说（据报道，

42、据悉）it is said that he has come to beijing.it is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit.6. it is suggested (ordered) that该句型和上一句属一个句型。主句中的过去分词是表示请求、建议、命令等词时，that后的从句要用虚拟语气 （should+动词原形）。可以省略，常译为“据建议；有命令”it is suggested that the meeting (should) be put off.it was ordered that we

43、 (should) arrive there in two hours.7. it is a pity (a shame) that 在该句型中，that后的从句一般用虚拟语气（should+动词原形），should可以省去，表示出乎意料，常译为“竟然”。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。 it is a pity that such a thing (should) happen in your class.这种事竟然发生在你们班上，真是遗憾。it is a pity that he is ill.他生病了，真遗憾！8. it is time (about time, high time) t

44、hat该句型中that后的从句应该用虚拟语气，值得注意的是：常用过去时态表示虚拟，有时也用should+动词原形，should 不能省。常译为“是（正是）的时候”it is time that children should go to bed. =it is time that children went to bed.9. it is the first (second, )time that该句型应和上一个句型区别开来。该句型中不用虚拟语气，而用完成时态。至于用哪种完成时态，由主句的谓语动词的时态来决定。如果是一般现在时，从句用现在完成时态；如果是一般过去时，从句则用过去完成时态。该结构

45、中that可以省去；it有时用this替换，常译为“是第一（二,）次”。10. it is since该句型主要用作处理瞬间动词的完成时，要和表示一段时间的时间状语连用。主句中是时间作表语，其时态是现在时和完成时，引导的从句通常是一般过去时态，而且是瞬间动词。如果主句是一般过去时，从句则用过去完成时。it is (has been) 5 years since his father died.it is almost five years _we saw each other last time. (2005 北京) a. before b. since c. after d. when(b)

46、11. it is when该句型中的when引导的是一个时间状语从句，主句中的it指时间，表语由具体的时间充当。常译为“当的时候，是”it was 5 oclock when he came here.12. it bebefore该句型主句中的it指时间，主句中的时态常是一般将来时或过去时两种时态，主句中的表语多是long ,not long ,3 days, 2 weeks等表示时间段的词和短语。常译为“之后才”，“没过就”it was 3 days before he went to beijing. it will not be long before he finishes his

47、 job.13. it happens (seems, looks, appears) that该句型中的it 是形式主语，that 引导的是主语从句，主句中的happen, seem等词是不及物动词。it happened (so happened) that he met his teacher in the street. (碰巧)it seems that he will be back in a few days. (看来)the foreign minister said, “_our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.

48、” (2004北京) a. this is b. there is c. that is d. it is(d) 14. it takes sbto do sth.该句型中的不定式是真正的主语，是形式主语，句型中的直接宾语是时间。常译为“做要花费某人”it took thousands of people many years to build the great wall.15it is no good (use) doing sth.该句型中的真正主语是动名词短语，主句中的表语可以是 no good (not any good), no use (not any use ).it is n

49、o good learning english without speaking english.16. it doesnt matter whether该句型中的引导的从句是真正的主语，该句型译为“不论（是否）没关系it doesnt matter whether they are old.17it is kind (of sb) to do sth.该句型中的不定式短语是真正主语，如果不定式的逻辑主语是由of引出，主句中的形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语的形容词。常见的有：bad, brave, careless, clever, cruel, foolish good (好心的),honest

50、, horrible, kind, lazy, modest, naughty, nice (有教养的),polite, rude, silly, stupid ,wise ,wrong等。这个句型可以改写为sb.is kind to do sth. it is kind of you to stay so =you are kind to say so.18. it is necessary (for sb) to do sth 该句型与上一句统属一个句型。如果不定式的逻辑主语是由for 引出的，主句的形容词通常是表示重要性，紧迫性，频繁程度，难易，安全等情况的形容词。常见的形容词有：imp

51、ortant,necessary,natural,easy,safe,common,normal,hard,difficult,dangerous,unusual,grape, impossible, pleasant.等。it is important for her to come to the party. =it is important that she (should) come to the party.19. it looks (seems) as if 该句型中it 无意义。as if 引导一个状语从句，常译为：“看起来好像”如果与事实不相符合，则用虚拟语气。it looks

52、 as if he is ill. （真的病了） it looks as if he was ill. （事实上没有生病）it seemed as if he was dying.20. we think it important to learn a foreign language.该句型中的it作形式宾语。为了记忆方便我们可称该句型为“7123结构”7指主句中的常用的动词：think, believe, make, find, consider, feel, take.1指的是形式宾语it .2指的是宾补的两种形式：形容词和名词3指的是真正宾语的三种形式：不定式短语，动名词短语或that引导的宾语从句。we think it our duty to clean our classroom every day.xiaoli felt it important learning english well.they found it difficult that they would f