岼各哂嚣劔籾(忝栽窃)

1、岼各哂囂劎籾（忝栽窃）及匯何蛍堋響尖盾（75蛍）及匯鐙HerculesOnce upon a time there was a great Greek hero, Hercules.He was taller and stron ger tha n anyone you have ever see n.On his shoulder he carried a club and in his hand he held a bow. He was known as the hero of a hun dred adve ntures.Hercules served a king. The king

2、 was afraid of him. So aga in and aga in he sent him on difficult tasks. One morning the king sent for him and told him to fetch three golden apples for him from the garde n of the Singing Maide ns （梧溺）.But no one knew where the garde n was.So Hercules went away. He walked the whole day and therest

3、day and the n ext. He walked for mon ths before he saw mountains far in the distanee one fine morning. One of the mountains was in the shape of a man, with Ion g, l ong legs and arms and huge shoulders and a bugs head. He was boldi ng up the sky. Hercules knew it was Atlas, the Mountain God. So he a

4、sked him for help.Atlas an swered, My head and arms and shoulders all ache.iCould you hold up the sky while I fetch the golde n apples for you?Hercules climbed the mountain and shouldered the sky. Soon the sky grew very heavy. When fin ally Atlas came back with three golde n apples, he said, Well ,

5、you are going to carry the mountain for ever. rm going to see the king with the apples. Hercules knew that he could nt fight him because of the sky on his back. So he shouted:Just one minu tes help. My shoulders are hurt ing. Hold the sky for a minute while I make a cushion （究徨）for my shoulders.Atla

6、s believed him. He threw dow n the apples and help up the sky.Hercules picked up the apples and ran back to see the king.1. What do you know about Hercules accord ing to the first paragraph?$ A. He was a Greek hero.$ B. He was a king.$ C. He was the Mountain God.$ D. He was a man of adventures.2. He

7、rcules was give n many difficult tasks because$ A. he was the strongest man.$ B. the king wan ted to get rid of him.$ C. the ki ng wan ted to test his stre ngth.$ D. those tasks had to be done any way3. Which of the follow ing can best describe Atlas accord ing to the text?$ A. He looked like a moun

8、tain.$ B. He was a man with bug shoulders and arms.$ C. He was a man with long legs and a huge head.$ D. He was the giant who bled up the sky.4. Atlas got the goldenapples for Hercules because$ A. he wan ted to help Hercules$ B. he was afraid of Hercules.$ C. he did not want to hold the sky any more

9、.$ D. he wan ted to be the king himself5. Hercules fin ally man aged to get the apples.$ A. by fooling Atlas$ B. by defeating Atlas$ C. because he ran faster than Atlas$ D. because Atlas threw down the apples及屈鐙TokyoTokyo is one of those places that you can love and hate at the same time.In Tokyo th

10、ere are always too many people in the places where I want to be. Of course there are too many cars. The Japanese drive very fast when they can. But in Tokyo they ofte n spe nd a long time in traffic jams. Tokyo is not differe nt whe n one wants to walk.At certain times of the day there are a lot of

11、people on foot in Londons Oxford Street. But the streets near Ginza in Tokyo always have a lot of people on foot, and sometimes it is really difficult to walk. People are very polite; there are just too many of them.The worst time to be in the street is at 11:30 at ni ght. That is when the ni ght-cl

12、ubs are clos ing and everybody wants to go home. There are 35,000 ni ght-clubs in Tokyo, and you do not ofte n see one that is empty.Most people travel to and from work by train. Tokyo people buy six millio n train tickets every day. At most stati ons, trai ns arrive every two or three minu tes, but

13、 at certa in hours there do not seem to be eno ugh trains. Although they are usually crowded, Japa nese trains are very good. They always leave and arrive on time. On a London train you would see everybody readi ng a n ewspaper. I n Tokyo trains everybody in a seat seems to be asleep, whether his jo

14、ur ney is long or short.In Tokyo, I stood outside the stationfor five minutes.Three fire-e ngines raced past on the way to one of the manyfires that Tokyo has every day. Tokyo has so many surprises that none of them can really surprise me now. in stead, I am surprised at myself: I must go there n ex

15、t year on bus in ess. I know I hate the overcrowded city. But I feel like a man who is retur ning to his Ion g-lost love.6. Tokyo is differe nt from London in that.$ A. it has a smaller population$ B. it is an international city$ C. it is more difficult to go somewhere on foot in Tokyo$ D. its peopl

16、e are friendlier and more polite.7. What time does the writer thi nk is the worst time to gointo the street?$ A. When the night-clubs are closing.$ B. At 8 oclock in the morning.$ C. When the train is overcrowded.$ D. At 11:30 a.m.8. What does the writer say about Japa nese trains?$ A. They are very

17、 nice and comfortable.$ B. There are not eno ugh trai ns.$ C. They often run behind schedule.$ D. They leave and arrive at the right time.9. From the writers observation,we can see that firesbreak out in Tokyo.$ A. occasi on ally.$ B. quite frequently$ C. not very often$ D. twice a day10. The writer

18、 hates Tokyo mainlybecause the city$ A. is dirty and the people are impolite$ B. has been seriously polluted$ C. is crowded and noisy$ D. is not moder n eno ugh及眉鐙 The Child WitnessGoing to court can be frighte ning, especially if you are achild. You may have to sta nd up in the wit ness （ 屬繁）box, a

19、nd swear （窟閉）to tell the truth and answer questions is front of a crowd of adults. It would be eve n more frighte ning if you were the victim of a crime and you had to sit in the same courtroom（隈優）as the pers on accused of attack ing you, for in sta nee.So the law in Brita in has made it easier for

20、childre n to act as wit nesses. Childre n are allowed to tell what they know, from ano ther room in the same courthouse. This way they do not have to face all those people in the courtroom.It works on a closed-circuit （液揃議）televisi on link, whichmeans that the TV only operates in side the court. The

21、 child witness sits in a room with a social worker in front of a TV camera. Every one in the courtroom can see the child on a TV scree n, but the child can only see the judge and the lawyers who will ask him or her questions. The system has been so successful that is will be exte nded to more courts

22、 this year.Ano ther way to make it easy for a child to act a wit ness is to set up a scree n is the court room aro und the wit ness box so that the child cannot see the defe ndant （ 瓜御）.In formati on give n by childre n can be very importa nt to a court trial （蕪登）,but before 1988 the law did not rea

23、lly recog ni zes that childre n told the truth. It stated that anything a child said in court had to be supported by other evide nee in the case.11. A child witness, if he were the victim of the crime, would be frighte ned most by.$ A. all the questions he had to answer$ B. the crowd of adults he ha

24、d to face$ C. the judge and the lawyers$ D. the person accused of attacking him12. The most important point of the new system thatmade things easier for a child wit ness is that.$ A. he does not see the defendant$ B. he speaks in front of a TV camera$ C. he is in another room is the same courthouse$

25、 D. every one in the courtroom can see the child13. What does the author think of the new system accord ing to the third paragraph?$ A. Not very good.$ B. Very successful.$ C. Just an experiment.$ D. Hardly acceptable.14. Has the law always recognizedthe importanee ofchildre ns in formatio n in cour

26、t?$ A. No.$ B. Yes.$ C. Not until 1988.$ D. Before 1988, yes.15. The word case in the last paragraph means.$ A. a particular situation$ B. a particular incident$ C. a trial$ D. a box及屈何蛍 頼撹鞘徨（25蛍）功象玉猟坪否頼撹鞘徨？耽倖腎鯉峪嬬野匯倖汽簡議汽簡及匯倖忖銚厮将公竃?萩繍凪噫忖銚温畠。Televisi on is the USAThirty-four perce nt of the worlds tel

27、evisi on sets are in theUSA. But it is not fair that some foreigners have concluded that America has a TV culture. Still it is true that America n TV has great power and can make or break well-k nown people in front of the camera. There are a thousa nd stati ons in the 50 states, and in most places

28、there is a choice of five or six cha nn els. The major n etworks （Nati onal Broadcasti ng Company, Columbia Broadcasting System and the American Broadcasti ng Compa ny） in troduce a lot of new shows of every kind. Those dramas, soap operas, talk shows, n ews shows, and sport shows which are successf

29、ul, are relayed （廬殴） throughout America and are ofte n sold abroad. Roots, by the black writer Ales Haley, for example, was sold all over theworld.Nearly all TV in the USA is commercial, and programs are in terrupted every quarter of an hour or so for advertiseme nts. These breaks make people upset,

30、 especially during some excit ing acti on in a good film. However, commercials do make it possible to show programs on TV that are expensive to produce.There is one channel where there are no commercial breaks. Programs on this channel are run by the Public Broadcast ing Service (PBS) and can be see

31、 n all over the USA. Although the PBS gets a grant from the government,thegover nment does n ot in terfere in any way in the orga ni zati on of its programs. There are programs on everyday affairs, music, the arts, as well as serious discussions on al kinds of topics. Some programs are supported by

32、companies or institutions, but these orga ni zati onsare not allowed to in flue neethecontent of program.16. The con clusi on made by some foreig ners that Americahas a televisi on culture is not f .17. A great nu mber of new shows are in troduced by t he lead ing n in the USA.18. There is just one

33、c without breaks for advertiseme nts10in the USA.19. While people are watching TV programs, breaks for advertiseme nts can make them w .20. Although some companies supply money for some programs, they are not a to have in flue nee upon the contentof the programs in any way.及眉何蛍堋響尖盾（80蛍）及匯鐙 How to Fi

34、nd the Best Book ReviewsNormally, you will want the sources for a paper to be thebest ones possible. Since there is a great deal of material available on most subjects, you dont want to waste your time read ing an in accurate or superficial book. It is sometimes wise, therefore, to first evaluate a

35、book for accuracy and thoroughness. If you are unfamiliar with the subject of executive power, for example, you may won der whether or not the book Preside nt and Con gress; Power and Police, by L. Fisher （1972）, will be a good source of information.Theessayist way to find it out is to read some rev

36、iews of the book.Book reviews appear in almost every newspaper and magazine.To quickly find the reviews you want, use areference book such as Book Review Digest. Begi nning in 1905, its editors annually compile （園辞）book reviews from about seventh-five periodicals （豚侵）and newspapers and need to know

37、two things to use this tool: the year the book was published and the correct spelli ng of the authors n ame.A referenee book with slightly broader coverage （ 顕固中）is Book Review Index （1966-）. In it, however, summaries of the reviews are not included. A newcomer, Current Book Review Citations （ 哈屬）,i

38、s even better for books published from 1976 on, since it in dexes the book reviews that are listed in many major periodicals, in dexes. One cauti on （ 少御）whe n search ing for reviews in this : if you dont find one un der the year a book was published, look at the followi ng year or years. Reviews li

39、ke college stude nts, sometimes fall behi nd in their writi ng schedules.21. It is necessary to read reviews because you want to$ A. know everything about a book$ B. find a reliable source of information$ C. know if the book is too easy or hard$ D. fine the authors educational background.22. where c

40、an you very quickly find the book reviews you want?$ A. In newspapers.$ B. In magazines.$ C. In Book Review Digest.$ D. In newspaper supplements.23. IF you want to find reviews on a book published in1920, which of the followi ng will you go to?$ A. Book Review Digest.$ B. Book Review Index.$ C. Curr

41、ent Book Review Citations.$ D. Both A and B.24. If you n eed the most thorough in formati on of reviewson a rece nt book, which of the followi ng do you go to?$ A. Book Review Digest.$ B. Book Review Index.$ C. Both A and B.$ D. Current Book Review Citations.25. The last sentence of this passage imp

42、lies that collegestude nts in the West.$ A. often hand in their written work late.$ B. do not like making plans.$ C. always finish their homework on time.$ D. usually follow schedules.及屈鐙 Coal MiningEn gla nd was a good place for coal. Near the seacoast coalwas often washed out of the ground onto th

43、e beaches. Wome n and childre n gathered it to heat homes cheaply. But the no ble class people once refused to allow cook ing over coal fires. They believed coal smoke was pois ono us.The Dutch （ 塞声繁）too were mi ning coal in 1113. But asthey dug their mines deeper and deeper, the ope n flames of oil

44、 lamps ofte n caused the gases in the mines to explode. It was not un til 1815 that a safety lamp was inven ted. Sir Humphrey Davy inven teda lamp in side a cover ing. Thecoveri ng cooled the gases eno ugh to preve nt them from explodi ng. And the flame in side the lamp bur ned blue whe n gas was pr

45、ese nt. This is still a valuable tool combi ning light ing with safety.Then came a new important development.James Wattssteam engine gave human beings more power than anyone had ever before imagi ned. By 1760 coal was being used in the steam engine and the dema nd for coal in creased. But huma n lab

46、or was still the only power for mining. More workers were n eeded. Sick men, old men, and childre n were all sent to work in the mines. Coal! More coal! Work them all to death, but produce the coal!Today, mecha ni cal devices have replaced much of the hard muscle work in the min ers job. Huge mach i

47、nes cut into rock where coal is to be found. The mach inesbreak the coal andload it into cars or onto conveyor beles （勧僕揮）.Huge machines lift the coal , at 12,000 pounds a minute, onto conv eyor beles which carry the coal several miles. To mi ners a hun dred years ago, all this would have seemed lik

48、e a kind of min ers heave n!26. It was easy for wome n and childre n to gather coal inEn gla nd because.$ A. they lived near the coal mine$ B. coal was washed onto the ground$ C. rich people refused to use coal$ D. England was rich in coal27. How can miners know whether there is the dan ger of gas e

49、xplosi on or not?$ A. From the smell of gases around them.$ B. From the pressure of gases in side the mine.$ C. From the color of the flame in side the lamp.$ D. From the height of the flame in side the lamp.28. Accord ing to the passage, the inven ti on of the steamengine led to.$ A. an in creas in

50、g dema nd for coal$ B. less human labor for mining$ C. much more work for people to do$ D. the use of mechanical devices in mining.29. Which is the best in terpretati on of work them to death, but produce the coal in the 3rd paragraph?$ A. Coal had to be produced even if many miners would die of wor

51、k ing overtime.$ B. Miners were not afraid of death in order to produce eno ugh coal.$ C. Miners were made to work till they died.$ D. Every miner worked to death to produce the coal.30. The last paragraph of this passage says that.$ A. huma n labor is no Ion ger n eeded in coal mining$ B. new instr

52、uments have greatly improved coal producti on$ C. modern machines have made miners lose their jobs$ D. coal mines today have become miners paradise及膨何蛍古凄寄吭（20蛍）公和中匯鐙猟嫗議耽匯粁古凄寄吭。耽匯粁議麼籾喘匯倖賜叱倖 汽簡燕幣？腎竃議簡厮公竃阻及匯倖忖銚？萩委凪噫忖銚温畠31. R of WomenWomens rights are guarantees of political, social, and econo mic equal

53、ity for wome n in a society that traditi on ally gives more power and freedom to men. Among these rights are con trol of property, equality of opport unity in educati on and employment, right of voting, and freedom of marriage. Today, complete political, economic, and social equality with men rema i

54、ns to be achieved.32. Traditio nal Sta of WomenMale control was obvious from the time of the earliest writte n historical records, probable as a result of mens role in hunting and warfare. The belief that women were naturally weaker and inferior to men was also found in god-centered religio ns. Ther

55、efore, in most traditi onal societies, wome n gen erally were at a disadva ntage. A woma n had no legal control over her person, her own land and money, or her childre n.33. S of Wome ns Rights Moveme ntThe Age of En lighte nment （尼檀扮豚）and the In dustrial Revoluti on, which caused econo mic and soci

56、al progress, provided a favorable climate for the rise of womens rights moveme nt in the late 18th and the 19th cen tury .In 1848 morethan 100 pers ons held the first wome ns rights conven ti on inNew York, and the feminists （溺幡麼吶宀）demanded equal rights, in clud ing the vote.34. DevIn the late 1960s

57、 wome n made up about 40 perce nt of the work force in En gla nd, Fra nee, Germa ny, and the Un tied States. This figure rose to more tha n 50 perce nt by the mid-1980s. A commissi onun der the Preside nt was established in 1960 toconsider equal opportunitiesfor women. Acts of Congressen titled them

58、 to equality in educati on, employme nt, and legal rights. In 1964 the Civil Rights Act, i nitially inten ded only for black, was exte nded to wome n.35. GoThe objectives of the wome ns moveme nt in cluded equal pay for equal work, federal support for day-care centres, recognition of lesbian （溺揖來禅宀）rights, making abortion （ 狗魅）legal, and the focus of serious atte nti on on the problems of forced sex relati on