人教版高中英语选修6重点词汇、短语、句型、语法大全

1、人教版高中英语选修6重点词汇、短语、句型、语法大全Unit1 Art【重点词汇、短语】aimn.目标；目的vi. & vt.瞄准； ( 向某方向 )努力typicaladj.典型的；有代表性的adoptvt.采用；采纳；收养possessvt.拥有；具有；支配a great deal大量attemptn.努力；尝试；企图vt.尝试；企图on the other hand( 可是 ) 另一方面predictvt. 预言；预告；预测specificadj. 确切的；特定的appealvi.有感染力；呼吁；求助vt. 将 上诉n. 呼吁；恳求appeal to( 对某人 ) 有吸引力； ( 使某人

2、) 感兴趣【重点句型】1.Amongthepainterswhobrokeawayfromthetraditionalstyleofpainting were the Impressionists, who lived and worked in Paris.在那些突破传统画法的画家中有生活和工作在法国巴黎的印象派画家。2. 序数词the first/the second/the last(sb.)to do是一种常见结构，表示“最早、第二、最后做某事的人”，其中的不定式作后置定语；如果主语和不定式之间有被动关系，不定式应使用被动结构to be done。 例如：My monitor is a

3、lways the first to come to school and the last to leave.我的班长总是第一个到校、最后一个离开。To tell the truth, he was the last person to be met with by the manager.说实话，他是最后一个被经理接见的人。3.Itis amazing/surprising/astonishing/shockingthat. 是一种常见句型，表示“ 令人吃惊、震惊、惊讶等”，其中it 是形式主语，that引导主语从句作句子的真正主语。这种句型可以用toonesamazement/surpr

4、ise/astonishment/shock这些短语作状语来改写。It is surprising that children who are seven years old dont know how tobrush ones teeth.令人吃惊的是，七岁的孩子还不知道怎么刷牙。To our shock, the terrorist explosion caused over one hundred deaths.令我们震惊的是，这次恐怖爆炸造成了一百多人死亡。【语法总结】虚拟语气 （点击 “虚拟语气”即可查看全部内容）Unit2 Poems【重点词汇、短语】concreteadj.具体的

5、flexibleadj.灵活的；可弯曲的；柔顺的take it easy轻松；不紧张；从容run out of用完be made up of由 构成in particular尤其；特别eventuallyadv.最后；终于transformvi. & vt.转化；转换；改造变换appropriateadj.适当的；正当的exchangen. 交换；交流；互换vt. & vi.调换；交换sponsorn.主办者；倡议者vt.发起；举办；倡议try out测试；试验let out发出；放走【重点句型】1. This is why.这就是 . 的原因。 ( 强调结果 )This is because

6、.这是因为 .( 强调原因 )The reason why.is/was that.(.的原因是 .) 一般用 that引导表语从句。2. There are various reasons why people write poetry.人们写诗有着各种各样的理由。3.Thelanguageisconcretebutimaginative,andtheydelightsmallchildren because they rhyme, have strong rhythm and a lot of repetition.（童谣的）语言具体但富有想象力，这能使小孩子们快乐，因为它们押韵，节奏感强

7、 ,并较多重复。4.Byplaying withthewordsinnurseryrhymes,childrenlearnaboutlanguage.通过童谣中的文字游戏，孩子们学习了语言。5. Anothersimpleformofpoemthatstudentscaneasilywriteisthecinquain, a poem made up of five lines.另外一种学生容易写的简体诗是由五行组成的,叫做五行诗。6. With so many different forms of poetry to choose from， students mayeventually w

8、ant to write poems of their own.有了这么多可供选择的诗歌类型,学生们最终也许想自己作诗了。【语法总结】虚拟语气 （点击 “虚拟语气”即可查看全部内容）Unit3 A healthy life【重点词汇、短语】abusen. & vt.滥用；虐待stressn.压力；重音vt.加压力于；使紧张banvt.禁止；取缔n.禁令；谴责dueadj.欠款的；预定的；到期的due to由于 automatic adj.无意识的；自动的mentaladj.精神的；智力的effectn.结果；效力strengthenvt.加强；巩固；使坚强vi.变强decide on对 作出决

9、定feel like (doing)想要(做 )desperateadj.绝望的，拼命的disappointedadj.失望的；沮丧的ashamedadj.感到惭愧或羞耻的in spite of不顾；不管take risks (a risk)冒险get into陷入；染上(坏习惯 )at risk处境危险；遭受危险awkwardadj.局促不安的；笨拙的【重点句型】1. Every time you feel like smoking a cigarette, remind yourself that you are a non-smoker.每当你想要吸烟的时候，你就提醒你自己：你（已经）是

10、不吸烟的人了。every time在这里相当于从属连词，连接时间状语从句；remind后面又跟了that引导的宾语从句。2. Donotbedisappointedif youhavetotryseveraltimesbeforeyoufinally stop smoking.即使你非得经过多次戒烟才能最后把它戒掉，你也不要失望。【语法总结】“it ”的用法1. it 可指代前文提到的事物；替代前文中的内容；指代一位性别不明的小孩或未知的人；指代未指明但谈话双方都知道的那件事；指代时间、天气、气候、距离等自然现象。2. it 用作形式主语，不定式、动名词或主语从句做真正主语。It worrie

11、s me that he keeps changing his mind.3. it 作形式宾语，不定式、动名词或宾语从句做真正宾语。He didnt make it clear when and where the meeting would be held.4.表示“喜欢、恨”等心理方面的动词，后面接it ，然后再跟宾语从句，it 代指从句所表达的内容。此类动词有hate ， dislike， enjoy， appreciate等。Id appreciate it if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.5.强调句型：It

12、 is/was+被强调部分+ that(who).强调句型用来强调谓语动词/ 定语以外的任何句子成分。当被强调部分是人时也可以用who 。（ 1）强调句用于一般疑问句：Is/Was 被强调部分that 其他部分。（ 2 ）强调句用于特殊疑问句：疑问词(被强调部分) is/was it that 其他部分？（ 3）在强调原因状语从句时，只能强调由because所引导的从句例： It was because he was ill that he didnt come to school yesterday.（ 4）在强调not.until结构时必须把not与 until一起放到被强调的位置上例 I

13、t was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was my brother.（ 5）如何判断是否是强调句可把It ， is /was 和 that去掉，剩余部分在不增减任何词的情况下还是一个完整的句子，那么这种句子是强调句。It was in the street that I met her father. In the street I met her father.Itwasbecauseshewasillthattheydidn t askhertodothejob.Because she was i

14、ll, they didn t ask her to do the job.Unit4 Global warming【重点词汇、短语】come about发生；造成subscribe to同意；订购quantityn.量；数量quantities of大量的tendvi.趋向；易于；照顾vt. 照顾；护理go up上升；增长；升起result in导致opposevt.反对；反抗；与(某人 ) 较量opposedadj.反对的；对立的be opposed to反对 statevt.陈述；说明rangen.种类；范围even if即使keep on继续glancevi. 看一下；扫视n.一瞥st

15、eadyadj.平稳的；持续的；稳固的steadilyadv.平稳地；持续地tendencyn.倾向；趋势widespreadadj.分布广的；普遍的on the whold大体上；基本上averageadj.平均的on behalf of代表 一方；作为 的代言人put up with忍受；容忍so long as只要an so on等等circumstancen.环境；情况【重点句型】1. All scientists subscribe to the view that the increase in the earths temperature is due to the burnin

16、g of fossil fuels like coal, natural gas andoil to produce energy.所有的科学家同意这种观点：人们为了生产能量而燃烧化石燃料如煤、天然气和石油，从而引起了地球温度的升高。2. It means that more heat energy tends to be trapped in the atmosphere causing the global temperature to go up.这意味着更多的热量被困在大气层中，从而引起全球温度上升。3.ItwasascientistcalledCharlesKeeling,whoma

17、deaccuratemeasurements of the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere from1957 to 1997.是一位名叫查尔斯基林的科学家曾经把1957-1997年期间大气层中二氧化碳的含量作了精确的统计。4. They also agree that it is the burning of more and more fossil fuels that has resulted in this increase in carbon dioxide.他们还同意下述观点，正是燃烧越来越多的化石燃料导致了二氧化碳的增加。5.

18、Ontheotherhand,therearethose,likeGeorgeHambley,whoareopposed to this view, believe that we should not worry about high levelsof carbon dioxide in the air.另一方面，还有一些人，像科学家乔治汉布利，反对上面的观点，他们认为我们不必担心空气中会有高含量的二氧化碳。【语法总结】“it ”的用法（详见第三单元语法总结）Unit5 The power of the nature【重点词汇、短语】alongsideadv. 在旁边；沿着边prep.在 旁

19、边；沿着 的边appointvt.任命；委派waven.波浪；波涛vi.波动；起伏；挥手absoluteadj.绝对的；完全的absolutelyadv.绝对地；完全地suitn.一套外衣；套装vt.适合；使适宜make one s way前往potentialn.潜在性；可能性；潜能adj.可能的；潜在的actualadj.实在的；实际的shoot (shot, shot)vt.射中；射伤anxiousadj.忧虑的；不安的anxietyn.担心；焦虑；渴望panic (panicked, panicked)vi. & vt.惊慌n.惊慌；恐慌glance through匆匆看一遍vary

20、fromto由 到 不等guaranteevt.保证；担保【重点句型】1. I was fast asleep when suddenly my bed began shaking and I heard astrange sound, like a railway train passing my window.我睡得正酣，正在这时我的床开始晃动，我听到一种奇怪的声音，就像一列火车正从我窗外驶过。2. Theothertwoclimbeddownintothecratertocollectsomelavaforlaterstudy,butthisbeingmyfirstexperience,

21、I stayedatthetopandwatched them.另外两人攀下火山口去收集供日后研究用的岩浆，我是第一次经历这样的事，所以留在山顶上观察他们。句中的this being my first experience为独立主格结构。3. Its said that.表示“据说. ”，可以替换为“Sb is said to.”，其中的不定式可以有多种形式(一般时、完成时、被动语态)。It is said that another typhoon will come soon.Another typhoon is saidto come soon.据说又要来台风了Itissaidthathi

22、sfather-in-lawhasbeeninfectedwithAIDS. Hisfather-in-law is said to have been infected with AIDS.据说他岳父感染了艾滋病。【语法总结】动词ing形式（包括动名词和现在分词两种形式）动名词动词的ing形式如果是名词，这种形式叫做动名词。动名词具有名词的性质，因此在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语等。一 . 动名词的四种形式及其意义基本形式：doing（表示主动）被动式：being done（表示被动）完成式：having done（表示主动和完成）完成被动式：having been done（表示被动和

23、完成）例如：Travelling in space by ordinary people will be common in the future.在未来，普通人在太空旅行将会是普遍的事情。Freddyandhisbandcouldgonowherewithoutbeingfollowedbytheirfans.Freddy和他的乐队到哪里都被他们的粉丝跟着。I have no idea of his having done such a thing against you.我不知道他做过这样一件违背你的事情。Many customers complain of having been giv

24、en short weight at that shop.很多顾客抱怨在那家商店被缺斤少两过。二 . 动名词的语法功能动名词在句中可以做主语、宾语、表语和定语等。Learning English is very difficult .（作主语）学英语非常困难。I enjoy dancing.（作动词宾语）我喜欢跳舞。I have got used to living in the country.（作介词宾语）我已经习惯了住农村。His job is driving a bus.（作表语）他的工作是开车。The washing mashine woks well.（作定语）这台洗衣机非常好用。

25、三 . 注意事项1.只接动名词（不能接不定式）作宾语的28 个常用动词practice、consider 、enjoy 、finish 、give up、imagine 、keep 、put off 、risk 、suggest、admit 、advise 、allow 、appreciate、avoid 、delay、deny 、discuss 、dislike、 escape 、 excuse 、 fancy 、 forbid 、 mention 、 mind、 miss 、 permit 、prohibit2.既可接不定式也可接动名词，但含义完全不同的8 个动词remember to d

26、o sth.记住要做某事（未做）remember doing sth.记得做过某事（已做）forget to do sth.忘记去做某事（未做）forget doing sth.忘记做过某事（已做）regret to do sth.遗憾要做某事（未做）regret doing sth.后悔 / 抱歉做过某事（已做）try to do sth.努力做某事try doing sth.尝试做某事mean to do sth.计划做某事mean doing sth.意味着做某事can t help to do sth.不能帮助做某事can t help doing sth.情不自禁做某事go on to