人教版(2019)必修1《Unit4NaturalDisastersSectionB》2019年同步练习卷

1、人教版（ 2019）必修 1 Unit 4 Natural Disasters Section B2019 年同步练习卷一、阅读理解（本大题共4 小题，共8.0 分）AThe Boy Made It! One Sunday ，Nicholas ，a teenager，went skiing at Sugarloaf Mountain in Maine In the early afternoon ， when he was planning to go home ， a strong snowstorm swept into the areaUnable to see far，he turne

2、d off the path by accidentBefore he knew it，Nicholas was lost，all alone!He didnt have food ，water， a phone，or other suppliesHe was getting colder by the minute Nicholas had no idea where he was He tried not to panic Hethought about all the survival shows he had watched on TV It was time to put the t

3、ips he had learned to useHe decided to stop skiingThere was a better chance of someone finding him if he stayed where he wasThe first thing he did was to find a shelter from the freezing wind and snow Using his skis， Nicholas built a snow cave He gathered a huge mass of snow and dug out a hole in th

4、e middle Then he piled branches on top of himself ， like a blanket ， to stay as warm as he could He huddled （蜷缩） in his cave and sleptThe next day， Nicholas went out to look for help ， but he couldnt find anyone He followed his tracks and returned to the snow cave，because without shelter，he could di

5、e that nightOn Tuesday，Nicholas went out again to find help and he was found by a volunteer searcherAfter two days stuck in the snow ， Nicholas was savedNicholas might not have survived this snowstorm had it not been for TV He had often watched Grylls survival show Man vs Wild Thats where he learned

6、 the tips that saved his lifeIn eachepisode（一期节目） of Man vs Wild ，Grylls is abandoned（遗弃） in a wild area and has to find his way out When Grylls heard about Nicholas amazing deeds，he was impressed that Nicholas had made it since he knew better than anyone how hard Nicholas had to work to stay alive

7、1. What happened to Nicholas one Sunday afternoon ？ _A. He got lost B. He broke his skis C. He hurt his eyes D. He caught a cold 2. How did Nicholas keep himself warm ？ _A. He found a shelter B. He lighted some branches C. He kept on skiing D. He built a snow cave 3. On Tuesday， Nicholas _ A. return

8、ed to his shelter safelyB. was saved by a searcherC. got stuck in the snowD. stayed where he was4.Nicholas left Grylls a very deep impression because he _A. did the right things in the dangerous situationB. watched Grylls TV programme regularlyC. created some tips for survivalD. was very hard-workin

9、g第1页，共 8页二、阅读七选五（本大题共5 小题，共50.0 分）A volcano is a geological landform usually caused by theeruption through a vent（火山口） in a planets surface of magma （岩浆），molten rock welling up from the planets interior (1) A popular way of judging volcanoes goes by their frequency （频率） of eruption (2) Those that ha

10、ve erupted in historical timesbut are now quiet called dormant （休眠的） and those that have not erupted in historical times called extinct (3) The lifespan of a volcano can vary from months to several million years ， making such a distinction （辨别） sometimes meaningless when compared to the lifespans of

11、 humans or even civilisations For example， many of the earths volcanoes have erupted dozens of times in the past few thousand years but are not currently showing signs of eruption Given the long lifespan of such volcanoes ， they are very active (4) Scientists usually consider a volcano active if it

12、is currently erupting or showing signs of unrest ， such as unusual earthquake activity or significant new gas emissions (5) It is important to note that the span of recorded history differs from region to region In the Mediterranean ， recorded history reaches back more than 3，000 years but in the Pa

13、cific Northwest of the United States， it reaches back less than 300 years，and in Hawaii ， little more than 200 years The Smithsonian Global Volcanism programmes definition of active is having erupted within the last 10， 000 yearsA By our lifespans ，however， they are not B Those that erupt regularly

14、called active C One way of classifying volcanoes is by the type of material eruptedD Obviously ， such eruptions tend to be destructive mainly in one direction E Many scientists also consider a volcano active if it has erupted in historic timeF There is no real agreement among volcanologists on how t

15、o define an active volcanoGVolcanoes of various types are found on other planets and their moons as well as on theearth5.A. AB. BC. CD.EF. FG. G6.A. AB. BC. CD.EF. FG. G7.A. AB. BC. CD.EF. FG. G8.A. AB. BC. CD.EF. FG. G9.A. AB. BC. CD.EF. FG. G三、选词填空-句子（本大题共 14小题，共140.0 分）DDDDDE.E.E.E.E.10. When the

16、 runners got to the finishing line ，all of them were quite out of_ （ breathe）11. Their inventions have contributed to the development of_ （electricity ）engineering 12. Ignoring the danger ， he rushed into fire to rescue those_ （trap） in the house13.It is well known that ancient Greece was a fountain

17、 of_ （ wise ） and philosophy 14.When I finally got to the meeting room ， the discussion had already come to_end 15. Nearly two_ （three） of the students in our class like playing football 16. The audience applauded when the Chairman got up on his_ （ foot ） to speak17. The number of students in this s

18、chool has increased_20 percent this year 第2页，共 8页blew away， look up， fall down ， come to an end， suffer from， nothing but， cut across， in shock， in ruins， dig out18.They had already reached an agreement before the meeting _ Among obese children ，about 30 percent also _ high levels of blood sugar and

19、 fatFor miles around me， there was _ a desert， without a single plant or tree in sight After the heavy flood two months ago ，the whole village was left _They tried to _ a cave in the side of the mountain for shelter that nightSoon a strong wind passed through and _ the clouds in the sky Please _ the

20、 word in the dictionary if you dont know how to read itThe earthquake did damage to the area where many houses _ In order to gain some time ， the travelers made up their minds to _ this field He was still _ from what had happened earlier in the afternoon 19. 让自来水水龙头的水一直流淌是错误的（have doing）_20. 看到那个歌星，

21、她太兴奋了，一句话也说不出来（too to ）_21.乌云密布，看上去要下雨了（It looks as if ）_22.每到一个地方，他就给自己发一张明信片（everywhere 引导的状语从句）_23.我喜欢早晨锻炼，因为空气呼吸起来很新鲜（sth is+adj+to do ）_第3页，共 8页答案和解析1.【答案】【小题1】A【小题2】D【小题3】B【小题4 A】【解析】1A 细节理解题 根据第一段中的Before he knew it ，Nicholas was lost ，all alone!在他意识到这一点之前，尼古拉斯一个人迷失了方向可知，尼古拉斯要返回时遇到了暴风雪，看不清路，所

22、以迷路了故选A 2 D 细节理解题根据第三段中的Using his skis ， Nicholas built a snow cave 尼古拉斯用滑雪板建造了一个雪洞 和 Then he piled branches on top of himself ， like a blanket ，to stay as warm as he could 然后他把树枝像毯子一样堆在自己身上，尽可能地保暖 可知，为了保暖他挖了一个雪洞故选D3 B 细节理解题根据倒数第二段On Tuesday ，Nicholas went out again to find help and he was found by

23、a volunteer searcher 星期二，尼古拉斯又出去寻求帮助，他被一名志愿者发现可知，星期二他再次外出寻求帮助时，被一个搜救志愿者发现了，所以选B 项故选B4 A 推理判断题根据最后一段可知，尼古拉斯经常观看一档荒野求生节目并从中学到了很多求生的知识，结合最后一句可知，Crylls 认为尼古拉斯得以生存是因为他知道如何自救，所以选A 项故选A本文是一篇记叙文讲的是一个青少年在暴风雪中迷路，他不畏艰难，利用在电视中学到的野外生存知识逃脱困境的故事1直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目2间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但

24、在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换3综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义5.【答案】【小题 1】 G【小题 2】 B【小题 3】 F【小题 4】 A【小题 5】 E【解析】 1 G信息提取题根据第二段中提到的火山的三种类型可知，所填的句子是引出下文的过渡句， G 项：在其他行星及其卫星以及地球上都发现了各种类型的火山，符合语境故选 G2 B上下文逻辑关系题根据下文的Thoseand those可知，此处介绍的是火山的三种类型，所填的句子和后面的

25、句子是并列关系，所以选B 项3F 主旨大意题所填的句子是本段的主题句本段主要介绍的是活火山按照火山的寿命来看，它是活火山；按照人类的寿命来看，它不是，因此对于活火山科学家的意见不一致所以 F 选项：对于如何定义一个 活的 火山，火山学家之间没有真正的一致意见符合主旨故选 F4 A上下文逻辑关系题与上文的Given the long lifespan of such volcanoes ，they are very active 鉴于这些火山的寿命很长，它们非常活跃形成对比，所以 A 选项：然而，就我们的寿命而言，它们不是符合逻辑关系，故选A 第4页，共 8页5 E推理判断题根据前文句子 Sci

26、entists usually consider a volcano active 科学家通常认为火山活动 可知， E 项：许多科学家还认为，如果一座火山在历史时期喷发，它就是活火山是对上文的进一步说明故选E本文介绍了火山的三种类型：活火山、休眠火山和死火山 七选五 这样的题型，主要目的在于 考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握 解题时最主要的两个步骤就是1理清文章的逻辑和结构， 2在所给的原文中找出关键词或者说是线索词文章的整体思路能帮助你在答案中筛选出符合逻辑的选项，关键词则能帮助你确定更多的细节，排除相近的选项这些技巧多练练就能孰能生巧10.【答案】 breath

27、【解析】 答案： breath考查名词根据空前的介词of 可知此处应用名词形式，因为所给的词breathe 的名词是breath， out of breath 意为 上气不接下气 ，故填 breath当赛跑者到达终点线时，他们都上气不接下气本题考查单词填空 首先根据句子结构和词与词之间的搭配关系判断应用所给词的何种词性进行填空，然后写出单词的适当形式11.【答案】 electrical【解析】 答案： electrical ；考查单词填空修饰名词engineering 所以要用形容词故填electrical 他们的发明促进了电气工程的发展对于用所给词的适当形式填空，答题时要做到：A 明确所给词

28、的词性；B 弄清所给句子的意思；C确定空白处所需的词性D 正确写出所填的词12.【答案】 trapped【解析】 答案： trapped；考查单词填空此处是一个后置定语，先行词those 和 trap 之间是被动关系，所以要用过去分词故填trapped他不顾危险，冲进火场营救被困在屋里的人对于用所给词的适当形式填空，答题时要做到：A 明确所给词的词性；B 弄清所给句子的意思；C确定空白处所需的词性D正确写出所填的词13.【答案】 wisdom【解析】 答案： wisdom ；考查单词填空 和 philosophy 并列，所以要用名词 wisdom and philosophy 智慧和哲学故填

29、wisdom 众所周知，古希腊是智慧和哲学的源泉对于用所给词的适当形式填空，答题时要做到：A 明确所给词的词性；B 弄清所给句子的意思；C确定空白处所需的词性D 正确写出所填的词14.【答案】 an【解析】 答案： an考查完成句子come to an end 结束当我最后到达会议室时，讨论已经结束了完成句子，要弄清楚各种句子即简单句，并列句和复合句的结构及连接词和句意，然后按要求完成句子15.【答案】 thirds【解析】 答案： thirds考查数词分数的表达是由基数词和序数词合成的，分子用基数词，分母用序数词， 当分子大于1 时，分母需要用复数 此处 three 的序数词是third ，

30、第5页，共 8页分子是 two ，所以分母用复数，故答案为thirds 我们班近三分之二的学生喜欢踢足球本题考查数词弄清楚基数词和序数词的不同用法，掌握分数的表达，结合语境给出正确答案16.【答案】 feet【解析】 答案： feet考查名词形式 get up on ones feet 站起来 foot 脚，可数名词，其复数形式为 feet故答案为 feet主席站起来发言时，观众鼓掌本题考查名词的数 分清可数名词与不可数名词， 掌握名词变复数的一般规律及特殊变化，结合语境给出正确答案17.【答案】 by【解析】 答案： by考查完成句子increase by 增长了；以 的幅度增加今年这所学校

31、的学生数目增加了20%完成句子，要弄清楚各种句子即简单句，并列句和复合句的结构及连接词和句意，然后按要求完成句子18.【答案】 【小题 1】 came to an end【小题 2】suffer from【小题 3】nothing but【小题 4】in ruins【小题 5】dig out【小题 6】blew away【小题 7】look up【小题 8】fell down【小题 9】cut across【小题 10】 in shock【解析】 （ 1）答案： came to an end考查固定短语根据句意 会议结束前已经达成协议 ，可知表示 结束 ，根据主句 They had alrea

32、dy reached an agreement 用过去完成时态，可知从句的谓语动词用过去式came to an end（ 2）答案： suffer from 考查固定短语根据句意肥胖儿童中，约30% 的人有高血糖和高脂肪在 ，可知表示 遭受 之苦 ，表示事实，用一般现在时态，和主语about 30percent 一致，谓语动词用动词原形suffer from （ 3）答案： nothing but 考查固定短语根据句意 在我周围几英里的地方，除了一片沙漠，什么也看不到一棵植物或一棵树，可知表示 除了 没有；只有 ，用固定短语 nothing but （ 4）答案： in ruins 考查固定短

33、语根据句意两个月前的大洪水过后，全村成了一片废墟 ，可知表示 成了一片废墟 用固定短语in ruins （ 5）答案： dig out 考查固定短语根据句意那天晚上，他们试图从山边挖出来一个山洞里躲避 ，可知表示 挖出来 ，根据 try to do sth ，可知用动词原形 dig out （ 6）答案： blew away 考查固定短语根据句意不久，一股强风吹过天空，吹走了天空中的云 ，可知表示 吹走 ，和 Soon a strong wind passed through 时态一致，谓语动词用过去式blew away （ 7）答案： look up 考查固定短语根据句意如果你不知道怎么读，

34、请在字典里查这个词 ，可知表示 查找 ，祈使句以动词原形开头，所以用look up （ 8）答案： fell down 考查固定短语根据句意地震对这个地区造成了破坏，有许多第6页，共 8页房屋倒塌的 ，可知表示 倒塌 ，和主句The earthquake did damage to the area 时态一致，从句的谓语动词用过去式fell down （ 9）答案： cut across考查固定短语根据句意 为了争取一些时间，旅行者们下定决心要横穿这个领域 ，可知表示 横穿 ，根据 make up ones mind to do sth，所以用动词原形 cut across（ 10）答案： i

35、n shock 考查固定短语根据句意 他对下午早些时候发生的事仍感到震惊 ，可知表示 震惊 ，做 He was still 的表语，用固定短语 in shock （ 1）会议结束前已经达成协议（ 2）肥胖儿童中，约 30%的人有高血糖和高脂肪在（ 3）在我周围几英里的地方，除了一片沙漠，什么也看不到一棵植物或一棵树（ 4）两个月前的大洪水过后，全村成了一片废墟（ 5）那天晚上，他们试图从山边挖出来一个山洞里躲避（ 6）不久，一股强风吹过天空，吹走了天空中的云（ 7）如果你不知道怎么读，请在字典里查这个词（ 8）地震对这个地区造成了破坏，有许多房屋倒塌的（ 9）为了争取一些时间，旅行者们下定决心

36、要横穿这个领域（ 10）他对下午早些时候发生的事仍感到震惊考查选词填空这个题型需要学生熟知固定短语的用法，包括他的多个含义；同时对于题面设定的语境也要完全了解，这样才能选出正确的短语，运用它们的正确形式，例如动词短语的谓语和非谓语，时态和语态19.【答案】 It is wrong to have the water from the tap running all the time【解析】 答案： It is wrong to have the water from the tap running all the time；考查单词词组 It is + 形容词 +to do sth；做某事是

37、的；此处it 是形式宾语，to do 是真正的主语 havedoing 让某物一直处于某种状态；故填It is wrong to have the water from the tap running all the time让自来水水龙头的水一直流淌是错误的汉译英是基础题， 需要学生根据句意、 时态和固定搭配等， 来选择合适的单词或者短语，按照适当的语序来翻译20.【答案】 Seeing the singing star， she was too excited to speak【解析】 答案： Seeing the singing star，she was too excited to speak；考查单词词组 too to 太 而不能