Since-和-for-的用法及区别

1、-精选文档 -Since 和 for的用法及区别：一 ， since的 四 种 用 法1 ，since +过去一个时间点（如具体的年、月、日期、钟点、ago. 1990 , last month , half pastsixI have been here since 1990. 1990起，我一直在这儿。2 ， since+一段时间+agoIh a v eb e e nh e r es i n c ef i v em o n t h sa g o 。自从五个月前，我已经在这儿了。3 ， since+ 从 句GreatChanges have taken place since you lef

2、t.自从你走后，已经发生了很大的变化。4 ， It is + 一段时间+since从句I ti st w oy e a r ss i n c eIb e c a m ea nE n g l i s ht e a c h e r.我成为英语老师有两年了。二， Since和 for区别1 ， Since + 时间点，具体时间“自I have been in Beijing since 2010.从、以来，从、以后”用来说明动作起始时间2 ， For+时间段，用来说明动作延续时间长度，因此句中的谓语动词，也应该是延可编辑-精选文档 -续性动词。I have been in Beijing for o

3、ne year。We have learnt English for about three years.I havebeenhere for 3 days. (对)I havearrivedhere for 3 days.（误）三 ， 延 续 性 动 词 和终止 性 动 词 的概念英语中，动词按其动作发生的方式、动作发生过程的长短，可分为延续性动词和终止性动词。延续性动词表示能够延续的动作，这种动作可以延续下去或产生持久影响。如：learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep,li

4、ve, stay等。终止性动词也称非延续性动词、瞬间动词或短暂性动词，表示不能延续的动作，这种动作发生后立即结束。如open, close, finish, begin, come, go, arrive, reach, get to, leave, move, borrow,buy等。四 、 延 续 性 动 词 的 用 法 特 征1. 延续性动词可以用于现在完成时，其完成时态可与表示 段时间 的状语连用。表示 段时间可编辑-精选文档 - 的短语有： for two years, during the past three years, since last year, how long等I

5、have learned English since I came here.自从我来到这儿就学英语了。2. 延续性动词不能与表示短暂时间的 点时间 状语连用。如： It raind at eight yesterday morning .（误）rain 为延 续性 动 词，而 at eight 表示 点时间 ，前后显然矛盾。如果用延续性动词性动词来表示一瞬间的动作，可借助come begin get等终止性动词来表示。上句可改为： It beganto rain at eight yesterday morning.(正 )又如：-When did you get to know Jack?

6、-Two years ago.-Then youve knowneach other for more than two years.-Thats right.五 、 终 止 性 动 词 的 用 法 特 征1. 终止性动词可用来表示某一动作完成，因此可用于现在完成时。如：The train has arrived.火车到了。Have you joined the computer group?你加入电脑小组了吗？2. 终 止 性 动 词表 示 的 动 作 极 其 短暂 ，不 能 持 续。因此，不 可 与 表 示 一 段 时间 的 状 语用(只限肯定式 )。可编辑-精选文档 -如：（ 1) 他死

7、了三年了。误：He has died for three years.正：He has been dead for three years.正：He died three years ago.正：It is three years since he died.正：Three years has passed since he died.(2)他来这儿五天了。误：He has come here for five days.正：He has been here for five days.正：He came here five days ago.正：It is five days since h

8、e came here.可编辑-精选文档 -正：Five days has passed since he came here.句中终止性动词转换为相应的延续性动词，如上面两例中的第一种正确表达方式。下面列举几例：leave be away, borrow keep, buy have, begin/start beon, die be dead, move to live in, finish be over, join be in/be amemberof, open sth. keep sth. open, fall ill be ill, get up be up, catch a c

9、olda cold。练习：用since 和 for 填空可编辑-精选文档 -1)_ two years 2) _ two years ago 3) _ last month4)_ 1999 5) _ yesterday 6) _ 4 o clock7) _ 4 hours 8) _ an hour ago 9) _ we were children10) _ lunch time 11) _ she left here1. He has lived in Nanjing _ the year before last.2. I ve known him _ we were children.3.

10、 Our teacher has studied Japanese _ three years.4. She has been away from the city _ about ten years.5. It s about ten years _ she left the city.2. 短暂性转换延续性 arrive at/in sw. get to/reach sw. come/go/move to sw. be in sw./at school/at home/on the farm/be here/be there 1) He got to Beijing five minute

11、s ago.He _ _ _ Beijing for _ _.2) I moved to the USA last year.I _ _ _ the USA since _ _. 3) I went home yesterday.I _ _ _ home for _ _. 4) They came here last week.They _ _ here since _ _. come/go back, return be back come/go out be out1) He came out two years ago.可编辑-精选文档 -He _ _ _ for _ _.2) We r

12、eturn to Fuzhou yesterday.We _ _ _ to Fuzhou since _. become be1) I became a teacher in 2000.I _ _ a teacher for _ _.2) The river became dirty last year.The river _ _ dirty for _ _. close be closed open be open1) The shop closed two hours ago.The shop _ _ _ for _ _.2) The door opened at six in the m

13、orning.The door _ _ _ for six hours. get up be up die be deadleave sw. be away from sw.fall asleep/get tot sleep be asleepfinish/end be over marry be married1) I got up two hours ago.I _ _ _ since _ _.2) He left Fuzhou just now.He _ _ _ _ Fuzhou for five minutes.3) My grandpa died in 2002.可编辑-精选文档 -

14、My grandpa _ _ _for _ _.4) The meeting finished at six.The meeting _ _ _ for six hours.5) I got to sleep two hours ago.I _ _ _ since _ _.6) They married in 1990.They _ _ _since _. start/begin to do sth. do sth. begin be on1) I began to teach at this school in 1995. I _ _ at this school since _.2) Th

15、e film began two minutes ago.The film _ _ _ for _ _. borrow keep lose not have buy have put on wearcatch/get a cold have a cold get to know know1)They borrowed it last week.They _ _ it since _ _.2)I bought a pen two hours ago.I _ _ a pen for _ _.3)I got to know him last year.I _ _ him since _ _.4)I

16、put on my glasses three years ago.I _ _ my glasses for _ _.可编辑-精选文档 - have/has gone to have been in1) He has gone to Beijing.He _ _ _ Beijing for two days. join the league/the Party/the army be a league/a Party member/a soldier be a member of the league/the Party be in the league/the Party/the army1

17、) He joined the league in 2002.He _ _ a _ _ for two years.He _ _ a _ _ the _ for two years.He _ _ _ the league for two years.2) My brother joined the army two years ago.My brother _ _ a _ for _ _.My brother _ _ in _ _ for two years.3.汉译英1）这本字典我已买了三年了。2）他离开中国三年了。3）我认识他们五年了。4）他们已去了美国五年了。5）自从他搬到福州，他就住这儿了。6）他们已经结婚10 年。7）我妹妹成为一个大学生已经三年。可编辑-精选文档 -8）这会已开了多长时间了？9）这门已经关了两天了。10 ）我入团2 年了。I _ _ _ two years ago.I _ _ a _ _ for two years.I _ _ a _ of _ _ for two yea