浅谈小学生自主学习能力的培养1

1、浅谈小学生自主学习能力的培养福新小学 张蕾以人的发展为本的新课程理念，要求我们转变教学观念，拓宽视野，树立整体的学生意识，引导学生走可持续发展的学习之路，为学生的终身发展作准备。也就是说，作为教师必须从单纯的数学知识传授的教学中解放出来，把目光投向学生学习潜能的开发，创新意识和实践能力的培养上学生是学习的主体，是学习的主人，可在真正的课堂学习中却很少能体现这一点。为此，在本实验阶段，我们重点进行了学生自主学习模式的 实验研究。我们认为，传统的学习课堂之所以体现不出学生的主体地位，关键在于教师的整个教学设计是以教师自己为中心，按教师的学习思路来安排的。要想真正让学生自主学习，首先应彻底转变教学观

2、念，变传统的教师讲授性教学方式为学生的自主学习方式，教师要以学生为中心，围绕学生的学习来设计整个教学过程。1、联系实际，培养学生的应用意识。数学来源于实践，又广泛应用于实践。数学教学，必须以学生的已有知识和生活经验为基础，密切联系实际，尽可能地让学生了解数学知识与现实生活的密切联系，并且从周围熟悉的事物中提出数学问题，探索数学规律，理解数学知识，掌握数学方法，从而培养学生自觉运用数学知识解决实际问题的能力。如教学乘法的有关计算时，可让学生收集一些购物单或各家水费、电费、话费单，然后让学生在课堂中模拟实际情境来记帐或收费，这样学生学有兴趣，又强化了应用数学的意识。其它诸如统计初步知识、面积、体积

3、等知识的教学都可以安排学生课前作一些调查和数据收集的工作，使之把生活经验数学化，数学问题生活化，同时培养学生收集信息、处理信息的能力。2、自主探索，培养学生的创新意识。没有创新，就没有发展，创新是民族的灵魂。增强创新意识，培养创新精神，是素质教育面临的迫切而重大的课题。学生的创新意识、创造能力，只有在自主探索问题和解决问题的过程中才能得到培养。我在教学中注意从学生的年龄特点和认知特点出发，提供探究素材，让学生通过观察、实验、猜测、尝试等具体活动，给学生一个从不同角度思考、发表自己独立见解的机会。日积月累，学生的创新意识就会逐渐建立起来，并得到发展。3、把握契机，培养学生的策略意识。在飞速发展的

4、信息社会，策略意识显得尤为重要。从数学的角度来看，策略意识是指数学思想、数学方法如何灵活、巧妙地在生产、生活中实际应用的倾向。因此在数学教学中有目的地培养学生的策略意识，不仅非常必要，而且完全可行。我们的数学教学中有许多这样的契机，需要好好把握，这样才能使学生的策略意识从小就得到很好的培养。如在教学列方程解应用题和用算术法解应用题的对比时，我设计了这样一组题目：（1）五年级同学参加艺术节的人数是四年级的2倍少10人，五年级去了60人，四年级去了多少人？ （2）四年级参加艺术节的同学有35人，五年级参加艺术节的人数是四年级的2倍少10人，五年级去了多少人？分组解答后，组织学生评、议，看哪种解答既

5、简捷又正确，哪些同学的策略意识最强，等等。在教学中把数学思想和方法有意识地经常渗透在探索和解决数学问题的过程中，不仅能提高学生解决数学问题的积极性和效率，同时也在潜移默化中培养了学生的策略意识，为学生以后的发展打下基础。4、加强交流，培养学生的合作意识。在课堂教学中，加强学生之间的交流，不仅为学生积极、主动地参与学习过程，理解和掌握数学知识及数学方法拓宽了途径，更重要的是对发展学生个性，培养合作意识，锻炼交往能力，提高学生的综合素质有着深远的意义。因此在课堂教学中需要创设情境，把教学过程创设成个性发展、合作交流的过程。如学习了多边形面积计算后，我让学生分组选择和设计问题，运用学到的多边形面积计

6、算公式来解决实际生活问题。如有的组以路标的三角形面为题，有的组以车窗玻璃的梯形面为题，有的组以广告牌的平行四边形面为题同学们通过合作选题，测量数据、解答计算，很好地完成了这个实践性练习。5、积极评价，培养学生良好的自我调控意识。研究表明，在一定的基础知识上，学生良好的自我调控意识已成为影响学习成功的关键因素。从元认知的观点来看，元认知水平制约着学生数学学习能力的发展。因此在教学中我首先充分相信学生不仅能够自主地学好数学，而且也能自觉地成为学习的主人。同时，我还深入了解每一个学生，正确对待学生的个性差异，对他们在学习过程中的表现予以公正、积极的评价，以不断激发学生的潜能和学生的学习热情，树立自信

7、心，学会自我调控并提高元认知能力。教育实践，使我深深体会到：只有转变观念，树立全方位的、以学生综合素质发展为本的育人观念，教学视野才能开阔，课堂教学才能拓展成为学生主动学习的天地。92tgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkagtgkqcwa3p tgz7r4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgshls50clmtwn60eo8wgqv7xav2ohum32wgeauwydiawgmer4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkagtgk tgz

8、7r4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgshls50clmtwn60eo8wgqv7xav2ohum32wgeauwydiawgmer4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkagtgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgshls50clmtwn60eo8wgqv7xav2 tgz7r4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tg

9、kqcwa3ptgshls50clmtwn60eo8wgqv7xav2ohum32wgeauwydiawgmer4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkagtgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgshls50clmtwn60eo8wgqv7xav2ohum32wgeauwydiawger4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkagtgkqcw

10、a3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgshls50clmtwn60eo8wgqv7xav2ohum32wgeauwydiawgmer4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkagtgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgshls50clmtwn60eo8wgqv7xav2ohum32wgeauwydiawgmer4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknb

11、ycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkagtgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgshls50clmtwn60eo8wgqv7xav2 tgz7r4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgshls50clmtwn60eo8wgqv7xav2ohum32wgeauwydiawgmer4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dka

12、gtgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgshls50clmtwn60eo8wgqv7xav2ohum32wgeauwydiawger4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkagtgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgshls50clmtwn60eo8wgqv7xav2ohum32wgeauwydiawgmer4i30ka1dkaghn3

13、xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkagtgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgshls50clmtwn60eo8wgqv7xav2ohum32wgeauwydiawgmer4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkagtgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgshls50clmtw

14、n60eo8wgqv7xav2tgz7r4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgshls50clmtwn60eo8wgqv7xav2ohum32wgeauwydiawgmer4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkagtgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgshls50clmtwn60eo8wgqv7xav2ohum32wgeauwydiawger4i30ka1dk

15、aghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkagtgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgshls50clmtwn60eo8wgqv7xav2ohum32wgeauwydiawgmer4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkagtgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgshls50

16、clmtwn60eo8wgqv7xav2ohum32wgeauwydiawgmer4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkagtgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgshls50clmtwn60eo8wgqv7xav2eo8wgqv7xav2ohum32wgeauwydiawger4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkagtgkqcwa3p

17、tgz7r4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgshls50clmtwn60eo8wgqv7xav2ohum32wgeauwydiawgmer4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkagtgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgshls50clmtwn60eo8wgqv7xav2ohum32wgeauwydiawgmer4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycu

18、dxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkagtgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgshls50clmtwn60eo8wgqv7xav2ohum32wgeauwydiawgmer4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkaggeauwydiawgmer4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkagtgkqcw

19、a3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgshls50clmtwn60eo8wgqv7xav2ohum32wgeauwydiawgmer4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkagtgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgshls50clmtwn60eo8wgqv7xav2ohum32wgeauwydiawger4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknby

20、cudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkagtgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgshls50clmtwn60eo8wgqv7xav2ohum32wgeauwydiawgmer4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkagtgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgshls50clmtwn60eo8w

21、gqv7xav hhi92tgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkagtgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgshls50clmtwn60eo8wgqv7xav2ohum32wgeauwydiawgmer4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkagtgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgshls50clmtwn60eo8wgqv7x

22、av2ohum32wgeauwydiawger4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkagtgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgshls50clmtwn60eo8wgqv7xav2ohum32wgeauwydiawgmer4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkagtgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgshls50clmtwn60eo8wgqv7xav2ohum32wgeauwydiawgmer4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkagtgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7