外研版选修八Module5TheConquestoftheUniverse知识点学案设

1、Module 5 The Conquest of the Universe【学习目标】掌握本单元的常用词汇表达。【学习重难点】熟练记住常用词汇与词组。【学习方法】速读、细读、归纳、练习【学习内容】一、重点词汇1. burstvt. & vi.（使）爆裂；（使）裂开；（使）炸开；突然出现n 突然破裂；爆发to burst with a lot of force and loud no ise伴随着强大的力量和巨大的声响而突然爆发【归纳总结】【例句探源】 Scarcely had she heard the n ews about the death of Michael Jacks on whe

2、 n she burst out cryi ng.她一听到迈克尔杰克逊死亡的消息，就失声痛哭起来。 She put her head dow n on the desk and burst into tears.她一头趴在书桌上，失声痛哭起来。 We all thought his heart would burst with happ in ess.我们都认为他心中的快乐快要爆发出来了。 The police burst in and looked around.警察闯入房间，向四周看了看。【即境活用】（绍兴模拟）She was so amused with the magiciatrick

3、s that shea smile.A. burst outB. burst into解析：选B。她对魔术师的表演如此开心以至于突然大笑起来。burst into后接名词，相当于burst out+ doing,表示突然起来。Hearing the news, she burst intoand burst the room.Acrying；outBtears；inCcrying；intoDtears；out of解析：选 D。 burst into tears “突然大哭起来”，相当于 burst out crying; burst out of the room “冲出屋子”。2. dep

4、e ndv .依靠；取决于The future of space research depends on how much money we have. 太空研究的未来取决于我们有多少钱。【归纳总结】【例句探源】 I can depe nd on my employees to take care of thi ngs. 我能相信我的员工会把事情做好。 Their future depe nds on how well they do in these exams. 他们的未来取决于他们在这些考试中取得的分数。 Where is the best place to eat around he?

5、“It depends （on） what kind of food you like.”“这儿周围哪儿的饭最好吃？”“这取决你想吃什么。 ” 一While you e out, buy me a hot dog, will you?Depend upon it.你出去时给我买个热狗，好吗？ 放心好了。 （没问题。 ）【即境活用】（合肥模拟）一Its difficult for college graduates to find good jobs in China.It depends onthey are equipped for today s world.A. thatB. which

6、C. whetherD. whatbe equipped fo“r 为解析：选C。后句句意为“这取决于他们是否能适应今天的世界（ 重庆一模 ） How long are youstaying? I dont know.A Thats OKBNever mindC It dependsDIt doesnt matter解析：选C。本题考查交际用语。“我不知道。这要视情况而定。”1 dont know是选择的 关键。3. accustomed adj. 习惯的Ever since Neil Armstrong first set foot on the Moon back on 21st July

7、, 1969, people have become accustomed to the idea of space travel.自从尼尔阿姆斯特朗在1969年7月21日首次踏上月球以来，人们对太空旅行这一概念 已经非常熟悉。【归纳总结】【例句探源】 They had to accustom themselves to the hot weather in the south. 他们不得不使自己习惯南方炎热的天气。 They will soon become accustomed to speak ing En glish in class. 他们将很快适应在课堂上讲英语。 Somehow,

8、 I could nt get accustomed to the school life here. 不知怎么回事，我就是不能适应这里的校园生活。 （牛津 P14）She was a person accustomed to having eight hours sleep a night. 她是那种习惯每晚睡八个小时的人。【即境活用】They are quiet, arent they?Yes. They are accustomed at meals.Ato talkBto not talkCto talkingDto not talking解析：选D。句意是：“他们很安静，是不是？”

9、“是的，他们已习惯了吃饭的时候不说话 了。” be accustomed tc是习惯短语，to是介词，后面要求跟名词.代词或动名词作宾语。根据句（天津模拟 ）Since he often travels on business, he can himself to sleeping in any placehe can find.A devoteBaccustomCforceD reduce解析：选B。考查动词辨析。句意为：由于他经常因公出差，他能适应在任何能找到的地方睡觉。accustom on eself to （do ing） sth使 某人适应。4. con suitv .商量，磋商；

10、会诊，咨询，考虑，求教；查阅.similar to Obi Wan and Yoda who Luke, as their scholar, consults for their teaching and advice. 类似于奥比旺和犹达，卢克作为这两人的学生向他们请求指导和意见。【归纳总结】【例句探源】 I con suited my brother about buying a car.我同哥哥商量买车的事。 Youd better con suit a doctor soon.你最好快点去看医生。 I con suited the teieph one book for his add

11、ress.我查阅电话簿找他的住址。 His pare nts con suited with the teacher about what to do to heip him with his studies. 他父母和老师商量怎么来帮助他提高他的成绩。【即境活用】（临沂模拟 ）Before making any decision， your famiiy to find out which activities aremost important to you.A. consuitB. contactC. contentD. concern解析：选A。句意“作出任何决定之前，先与家人商量一下

12、，看哪些活动对你们来说最为重要。” con suit sb.请教.咨询某人” ;con tact “联系，接触” ;con te nt “使满足” ;con cern “关 心”。（江西十校一模 ）Whena new word, youd better a dictionary.A. come across， refer toBcoming across, consultCcoming across，look upDcome across, look through解析：选B。本题考查短语动词。第一处是 when you come across的非谓语形式；refer to 和 consult

13、 后面跟要查阅的工具书，而 look up 要跟查阅的具体内容，可以说 look up the new word。look through “浏览”和语境要求不吻合。5. accusevt. 控告，谴责，指责He accuses Darth Vader of killing his father, so he trains to become a Jedi knight and swears to avenge his loss.他指责达斯维德杀死了自己的父亲，因此他把自己训练成一名杰迪武士并发誓要为自己 的损失报仇。【归纳总结】【例句探源】 She accused him of steali

14、 ng her watch.她控告他偷了她的手表。 He was accused of murder.他被控告犯有谋杀罪。【易混辨析】accuse， charge， blame(accuse指“当面指控或指责，不一定诉诸法庭”。可构成accuse sb. of sth的搭配，意思 是“指控某人某事” 。(2) charge指“因犯较大错误或重大罪行而进行正式法律控诉。”可构成charge sb. with sth. 的搭配，意思是“控告某人某事” 。(3) blame “责备”，构成短语 blame sb. for (doing) sth或 sb. is to blame His n eigh

15、bor accused him of play ing the musical in strume nt too loudly. The police are going to charge him with murder. The driver was to blame for the accide nt.【即境活用】The shop assistant was dismissed as she wasof cheating customers.AaccusedBchargedCscoldedD blamed解析：选A。accuse sb. of doing sth.“指控某人做了某事”，其

16、他动词不能和介词of搭配。（成都模拟 ）In the interview, he had finally several customers of the advantagesof hisproduct.AconvincedBremindedCaccusedDinformed解析：选A。本题考查动词辨析。convince sb. of sth. “使某人确信” ；remi nd sb. of sth. “提 醒某人某事” ；accuse sb. of（doing） sth. “指控某人（做了）某事” ；inform sb. of sth.告知某人某 事”。句意为“在采访中，他终于让几个客户明确

17、了他的产品优点。 ”6. acknowledge vt. 承认，告知 （收到 ），感谢It is now acknowledged by the movie industry as the most successful film series ever.现在它被电影界公认为历史上最成功的电影系列片。【归纳总结】【例句探源】 He was gen erally ack no wledged to be the fin est poet in the coun try.他是公认的全国最优秀的诗人。 The director wishes to ack no wledge the help of

18、the police in the maki ng of this film.导演希望对警察在本片拍摄过程中所给予的协助表示感谢。 She walked right past me without eve n ack no wledgi ng me.她就那样迎面走过，连个招呼也不和我打。 It is gen erally ack no wledged that China is a great resp on sible coun try.世界普遍认为中国是一个负责任的大国。 My frie nd Mike ack no wledged the receipt of my letter.我朋友

19、迈克告诉我已经收到信了。【即境活用】（湖北八校第二次联考 ）His sacrifices for the country were never officially ， whichmade all of us feel discouraged.AacknowledgedBappealedCrecommendedDevaluated解析：选A。本题考查动词辨析。句意为“他为国家做出的牺牲没有得到证实认可，这使得我们都感到很失落。” acknowledge“承认”；即peal“呼吁；吸弓I” ; recommend“推荐” ；evaluate “评价”。完成句子that science and t

20、echnology is the base of mans progress. 人们普遍认为科技是人类进步的基础。答案： It is generally acknowledged二、重点词组1. set out 开始做，着手进行，出发Did Orson Welles deliberately set out to terrify the nation?难道奥森韦尔斯是蓄意吓唬国人吗？【归纳总结】【例句探源】 Mary set out to wash dishes/set about washi ng dishes after the dinner. 玛丽在餐后开始洗刷餐具。 Try to se

21、t aside at least an hour each day for lear ning new vocabulary. 争取每天至少抽出 1 个小时学习新词汇。 The overseas Chin ese are very glad to set foot on their homela nd. 华侨们非常高兴地踏上祖国的土地。【即境活用】Having decided to buy a flat, the Smithscontacting all the accommodation agencies in thecity.Aset outBset inCset aboutDset up

22、解析:选C。句意为：已决定买套房子，史密斯一家开始联系城内的所有房产中介机构。setabout doing sth = set out to do sth 着手，开始。（湖北武汉调研 ）Winter hasand people in the northern area are facing food and fuelshortage.Aset upBset outCset inDset off解析：选C。本题考查短语动词。set in “到来” 。set up “建起” ；set out “开始；出发”；setoff “动身”。句意为：“冬天到了，北方的人们正面临食品和燃油短缺。2. make

23、 it 成功；及时到达，赶上；能参加All three astronauts made it safely back to Earth, using a spaceship computer that was much less powerful than the ones used by the average school students today.三个宇航员安全地返回了地球， 他们当年使用的宇宙飞船计算机远不及现在一个普通学生 使用的功能强大。【归纳总结】【例句探源】 Work hard, and youll make it.努力干，你会成功的。 Where is Li Lei?李磊

24、呢？He can t make it today, He has to stay at home.他今天来不成了，他得呆在家里。 If we hurry, we can make it.如果我们快点的话，就能够赶得上。 Lets make it half past nine.让我们把时间定在 9 点半吧。【即境活用】I had arranged for me to visit my parents that weekend, but I couldnt，_ for I was busypreparing a reception.Amake itBdo itCmanage itDwork it解

25、析：选A。 make it此处表示“没有能够回家看望父母”。3in spite of 尽管，不管In spite of all our advanced technology, the world is still only at the very beginning of its voyage into space.尽管我们有先进的技术，但世界仍然只是处在探索太空的初始阶段。【归纳总结】【例句探源】 In spite of all his efforts, he failed in the exam. 尽管他很努力，仍是还是没有通过考试。 In spite of the heavy snow

26、, he drove downtown. 尽管下着大雪，他还是开车去了城里。 He went out in spite of the rain.尽管下着雨，我们还是出去了。【易混辨析】in spite of, thoughin spite of和despite都是介词，后接宾语，although和though是连词，后接从句。 They had a wonderful holiday, in spite of the bad weather. They had a wonderful holiday, though/although the weather was had.【即境活用】（江苏启

27、东中学 ）the fact that I have little singing talent, I want badly to be a memberof the famous choir sponsored by our school.AIn spite ofBIn terms ofCOn account ofDIn case of解析：选 A o in spite o“ 虽然，尽管，不顾”；in terms o“ 就而言” ；on account of 为的缘故，为的理由” ；in case of “万一”。这里指尽管有这事实，我还是非常想。He persisted in carryin

28、g on the experimentall kinds of setbacks.AunlessBwithoutCin spite ofDregardless解析：选C。句意：尽管遇到很多挫折，他仍坚持做实验。in spite of表示“尽管”，符合 句意。三、句型梳理1. 【教材原句】 Incredible as it may seem, both the observations of science and the evidence of our eyes lead to the inescapable assumption.尽管看起来不可思议，但科学观测以及我们的肉眼看到的证据都必然会

29、让我们作一个设incredible.(1) 1 ncredible as it may seem= Although it may seem in credible，这是由 as 引导的让步状语 从句，用倒装结构。(2) as 引导让步状语从句时应用部分倒装，将从句中的表语.状语或动词原形置于句首；若表语是可数名词单数，前置时要省略不定冠词。(3) though引导的让步状语从句也可以像 as引导的从句一样用倒装语序，但是although引导的从句通常用正常语序。 Poor as he is, he is honest.=Poor though he is / Though he is poo

30、r, he is hon est.=Although he is poor, he is honest.他尽管穷，但很诚实。 Try as he might, he could not find a job. 不管他怎样努力，他还是找不到工作。 Child as he is, he knows a lot.虽然他是个孩子，但懂得很多。 Much as I like it, I wont buy it, for its too expe nsive. 虽然我很喜欢它，但我不会买的，因为它太贵了。【即境活用】(重庆一模 )FoolI am, I will not believe you anymo

31、re. You have been promising ahundred times!But Mum, this is the last time.AasBalthoughCifDso解析：选A。本题考查倒装句式结构。fool as I am= though I am a fool。在这个句式结构中， 单数名词前不使用冠词。， you cant lift the heavy box up.AEven you are strongBStrong as you areCHow strong you areDAs you are strong解析：选B。考查让步状语从句。根据句意“你虽然健壮，但举不

32、起那个沉重的箱子可知，该空应用让步状语从句，排除A.C;又因as引导让步状语从句时，需用倒装，故选B。2. 【教材原句】 By the time the Challenger took off in 1986, the world seemed to have lost its fear and wonder at the amazing achievement of people going up into space.(P58)到 1986年， “挑战者”号飞行的时候，人们似乎对于人类进入太空一事已失去了最初的恐 惧和好奇心了。【句法分析】sb.seemed to have done st

33、h某人似乎做了某事，不定式完成式时表示动作发生在过去或已经完成。此结构可以改为 It seemed that sb. had done sth. see还有以下用法。(1) seem+ (to be) + 表语(adj.或 n.或 prep.)(2) seemto do(3) It seemsthatclause(4) It seems like.(5) It seems as if.(6) There seems to be.(7) It seems so. She seemed to have known about the n ews.=It seemed that she had kn

34、own about the n ews.她似乎已经知道了这个消息。 It seemed as though she did nt have a frie nd in the world. 看起来她好像在这个世界上没有一个朋友。 (朗文 P1846)Jills voice seems to be coming from very far away. 吉尔的声音好像是从很远的地方传来的。【即境活用】that all the people here support our new idea.AIt seemsBHe seemsCIt seemedDHe seemed解析：选A。考查It seems

35、that句式。that从句为真正的主语，it为形式主语。 完成句子I seemhim somewhere before.我好像以前曾在什么地方见过他。答案： to have met达标检测】、核心词汇1 A w is a person who sees what happens with his or her eyes on the spot.2 The word“explode”means“to b with a lot of force and loud noise”3We should learn from her, for she is always doing good d by h

36、elping anyone introuble.45May we offer our deepest s on the death of your wife.（故意地 ） ，just to annoy me.You did it6One shouldnt believe in（命运）7Most of the8（抽象的 ） nouns are uncountable.Lin Yilian once sang a song named”I（发誓 ）9He has a degree in worldsohe is familiar with allthe importantevents. （history）10 Human