2020年新编【精品】高考英语词汇练习及详解(6)(1)名师精品资料

1、2010高考英语词汇练习及详解（6）251.itisnotprofitabletoprovidebusservicesindistrictswherethepopulationiswidely_.a.scatteredb.dismissedc.separatedd.spread答案a.scattered.注释scattered是scatter的过去分词，也可作形容词用，（=lyingindifferentdirections;notsituatedtogether,wideapart）分散的，散布在各处的。separate分开的，spread传播；摊开，dismiss解雇。252.therea

2、reusuallyatleasttwo_oflookingateveryquestion.a.waysb.directionsc.viewsd.opinions答案a.ways.注释twowaysoflookingateveryquestions意指“观察每个问题的两个方面”。253.heleftinsuchahurrythati_hadtimetothankhim.a.almostb.evenc.nearlyd.scarcely答案d.scarcely.注释scarcely(=hardly,notquite,almostnot)几乎没有。scarcely是否定副词，类似的有：hardly,b

3、arely,rarely,seldom,little等。研究生入学考试中经常测试这类否定副词的用法。254.asmoreandmorecarsareproducedandused,sothe_fromtheirexhaust-pipescontainsanevenlargervolumeofpoisonousgas.a.exposureb.distributionc.expansiond.emission答案d.emission.注释emission散发物，发射。exposure(to)暴露于：theybelievethattheirhealthproblemsaretheresultofye

4、arsofexposuretofinecottondust.(他们认为，他们的健康问题是多年来暴露于棉花粉尘所致。)expansion膨胀，扩大；heatcausestheexpansionofgas.本题译文：正如汽车的生产和使用越来越多一样，汽车的排气管的散发物内所含的有毒气体量也在增加。255.thebookseemstohavebeen_fromvariousbooksandarticles.a.piecedtogetherb.takenoffc.brokenawayd.pulledout答案a.piecedtogether.注释piecetogether拼合，拼凑；takeoff起飞

5、；breakawayfrom脱离；pullout拔出；驶出；（车）减速。256.wehadamarvelousholiday:onlythelasttwodayswereslightly_bytheweather.a.damagedb.hurtc.ruinedd.spoiled答案d.spoiled.注释spoiled使.扫兴:ashowerofrainspoiledourdaysouting.257.icouldtellhewassurprisedfromthe_onhisface.a.appearanceb.viewc.sightd.expression答案d.expression.注释e

6、xpression此处意指“表情”。appearance表示人的“仪表，外表”。258.idliketotake_ofthisopportunitytothankyouallforyourcooperation.a.profitb.benefitc.advantaged.interests答案c.advantage.注释takeadvantageof(=makeuseofsth.foronesownbenefit)利用：takeadvantageofmyignorance(利用我的无知)。259.ifyoueverhavethe_togoabroadtowork,youshouldtakeit

7、.a.possibilityb.offerc.luckd.chance答案d.chance.注释chance(偶然的)机会。have与the(或a)possibility不能搭配；常用thereisapossibilityforsb.todosth.表示客观存在的“可能性”。260.scientiststhinktheyhave_intheirattempttofindthecausesofsomemajordieases.a.brokenthroughb.workedoutc.fallenoutd.gotround答案a.brokenthrough.注释breakthrough(=besuc

8、cessfulafterovercomingadifficulty)突破；取得重大成果：scientistshopetobreakthroughsoonintheirfightagainstheartdisease.(科学家希望在与心脏病斗争中很快取得重大成果。)本题译文：科学家认为他们在探索某些重要疾病的病因中已取得重大突破。261.histestresultsarenotvery_.hedoeswelloneweekandbadlythenext.a.invariableb.consequentc.continuousd.consistent答案d.consistent.)注释consis

9、tent1)始终如一，前后一致：heisnotconsistentinhisstatements.(他的话并不前后一致。2)与.一致：thestoryisnotconsistentwiththefacts.whatyousayisnotconsistentwithwhatyoudo.262.thenewsafetyregulationswereagreedonafter_withthework-force.a.conferenceb.participationc.interventiond.consultation答案d.consultation.注释consultation商议：holdac

10、onsultationwithsb.aboutsth.（与某人商谈某事）。conference讨论会；participation参加，参与；intervention干预，干涉。263.theroomwassoquietthatshecouldhearthe_ofherheart.a.hittingb.beatingc.tappingd.knocking答案b.beating.注释beating此处是动名词，指“（心）跳”：herheartwasbeatingfuriously.264.duringworldwariimaltamanagedto_mostofitalianandgermanbo

11、mbersbythrowingupaneffectiveanti-aircraftscreen.a.putoutb.shutoutc.comeacrossd.getacross答案b.shutout.注释shutout(=preventfromcomingin;block)排除，排斥：theyshutoutourdustbyhavingdoublewindows.(他们用双层窗户防尘。)putout扑灭；getacross越过；使人了解；comeacross偶然遇到。本题译文：第二次世界大战中，马耳他建立了有效的防空屏障以防止意大利和德国的轰炸机侵入。265.ithinkweshouldlet

12、mariagocampingwithherboyfriend._,shesabiggirlnow.a.aboveallb.afterallc.firstofalld.forall答案b.afterall.注释afterall毕竟。“forall+名词”意为“尽管”:forallhiswealth,hewasunhappy.(尽管他富有，但他并不幸福。)266.jimsclose_tohisbrothermadepeoplemistakethemforoneanother.a.confusionb.similarityc.resemblanced.imitation答案c.resemblance

13、.注释resemblancen.像（to）。resemble(vt.)像;sheresembleshermother.(=shetakesafterhermother.)imitation模仿；仿效；confusion混乱，混淆；similarity相似性。267.ithasbeendecidedthatthiscompanyhasthe_righttoprintmr.smithsnovels.a.eventualb.versatilec.extensived.exclusive答案d.exclusive.注释exclusive(=reservedtotheperson(s)concerned

14、)独有的；thisbathroomisforthepresidentsexclusiveuse.eventual最终的；versatile通用的，万用的；extensive广泛的。268.hehasrecently_chesstoprovidehimselfwithsomerelaxation.a.takenonb.takenupc.heldond.heldup答案b.takenup.注释takeup开始从事。takeon参阅，162,171注释。holdon,holdup参阅，162,171注释。269.whataterribleexperience!_,youaresafe,thatsth

15、emainthing.a.somehowb.anyhowc.somewhatd.anywhere答案b.anyhow.注释anyhow(at=anyrate;inanycase)无论如何，不管怎样。270.johnalwaystriesto_peoplewhoareusefultohimprofessionally.a.developb.provokec.correspondd.cultivate答案d.cultivate.注释cultivatesb.结识（有地位的人），培养与.的友谊：healwaystriestocultivaterichandfamouspeople.(他总是极力结识有钱

16、的知名人士。)本题译文：约翰总是力图结识在职业方面对他有用的人。271.althoughhehasntanyformalqualifications,betas_todowellforhimself.a.managedb.succeededc.arrangedd.convinced答案a.managed.注释managetodosth.(=succeedindoingsth.)设法做成某事：1)hemanagedtoescapetosouthamerica.(他设法逃到了南美。)2)wemanagedtogetwhatwewanted,anyhow.(我们反正设法得到了需要的东西。)3)doy

17、ousupposeyoucanmanagetogetmeapassport?(你能设法给我弄到一份护照吗？)本题译文：虽然他没有正式的资力，但他收入很多。dowellforoneself吃香，收入多，改善自己的社会地位。272.thefamilyisacooperativeenterpriseforwhichitisdifficultto_rules,becauseeachfamilyneedstoworkoutitsownwaystodealwithitsownproblems.a.setupb.putdownc.keepupd.laydown答案d.laydown.注释laydown制定。

18、参阅，97注释。273.afterashortholiday,he_himselfoncemoretohisstudies.a.appliedb.convertedc.engagedd.exerted答案a.applied.to注释applyoneself“致力于”。applyonesmindto(专心于)。applytosb.foraid(向某人求援)。applyatheorytopractice(把理论应用于实践)。274.shefelt_ofhavingaskedsuchasillyquestionwhentheaudiencecouldnthelplaughing.a.guiltyb.

19、crazyc.miserabled.ashamed答案d.ashamed.注释beashamedof因.感到羞耻，惭愧：1)heisashamedofwhathewasdone.2)shefeltashamedofhavingdonesolittle.(=shefeltashamedthatshehaddonesolittle.)3)johnwasashamedtoaskforhelp.(他不好意思向人求助。)4)jimwasashamedtohavetroubledmewithsomanyquestions.beguiltyof犯有.罪，过失：1)hewasfoundguilty.2)iam

20、notguiltyofthiscrime.275.thedrivercanadjusttheheatinginwinterandtheairconditioninginsummertosuithisown_.a.leisureb.preferencec.convenienced.selection答案b.preference.注释preference偏爱，更加喜欢：mypreferenceisforbeefratherthanforlamb.(我更喜欢牛肉面不是羊肉。)276.thereisnotmuchtimeleft;soilltellyouaboutit_.a.indetailb.inb

21、riefc.inshortd.inall答案b.inbrief.注释inbrief(=inafewwords)简短地（作状语）,例如：hetoldmeinbriefwhathadhappened.（他简短地向我讲了已发生地事情。）此处inbrief等于briefly。此处，inbrief(=inaword,inshort)简言之（作插入语）1)itisalongletter,butinbrief,hesaysno.(这是一封长信，但简言之，他说“不”。)2)johnissmart,polite,andwell-behaved.inbrief,heisadmirable.此句中inbrief意为

22、inaword或inshort.inshort作插入语，其意思是inaword(总之)。indetail详细地。inall总计，总共：thereare20inall.277.shegotmarriedalthoughherparentshadnotgivenhertheir_.a.allowanceb.consentc.permitd.appreciation答案b.consent.注释consentn.同意，赞成；consent(to)vi.同意，如：consenttoaplan(同意一项计划)。allowance津贴。permit执照，许可证。278.therainwasheavyand_

23、thelandwasflooded.a.consequentlyb.constantlyc.continuouslyd.consistently答案a.consequently.注释consequently(asaresult)因而，所以。279.magnificentviewsoverthecountrysidehaveoften_peopletowritepoems.a.convincedb.inspiredc.inducedd.attracted答案b.inspired.注释inspired鼓舞，激励，产生：1)hisspeechinspiredustotryagain.2)heinsp

24、iredconfidenceinme.(他使我产生信心。)3)thegoodnewsinspireduswithhope.(这个好消息使我们产生希望。)280.fromthecheersandshoutsof_,igatheredthathewaswinningtherace.a.stimulusb.urgencyc.encouragementd.promotion答案c.encouragement.注释encouragement鼓励，支持：shoutsofencouragement(鼓励的欢呼声)。本题译文：从欢呼声和鼓励声中，我猜想他正在赢得这场竞赛。281.sheonceagainwen

25、tthroughhercompositioncarefullyto_allspellingmistakesfromit.a.withdrawb.abandonc.diminishd.eliminate答案d.eliminate.注释eliminate(=getridof,doawaywith)消除，排除，淘汰：1)canthegovernmenteliminatepoverty?（政府能否消除贫困？）2)eliminateslangwordsformanessay(从文章中去掉俚语词)。282.whenthelittlechildcaughtsightoftheyoungwoman_inwhi

26、tehestartedbrawlingimmediately.a.dressedb.wearingc.wornd.puttingon答案a.dressed.注释bedressedin穿这.衣服。wear意为“穿着”是及物动词，语法结构上与本题不符。puton穿上，强调的动作。283.someareas,_theirsevereweatherconditions,arehardlypopulated.a.duetob.butforc.inspiteofd.withrelationto答案a.dueto.注释dueto由于。有些语言专家认为dueto引导的短语，在句中只能作表语，如：1)hisab

27、sencewasduetothestorm.2)thedelaywasduetoheavytraffic.3)thisaccidentwasduetohiscarelessness.但现代英语里dueto引导的短语可以作状语用，如：hefailedduetocarelessness.duetoheavytraffic,hewaslateforanhourorso.284.manyuniversitycoursesarenotreally_totheneedsofstudentsortheirfutureemployers.a.associatedb.relativec.gearedd.suff

28、icient答案c.geared.)注释begearedto与.相连接的，与.搭配得上的。berelativeto与.有关的：thisisnotrelativetotheaccident.(这和这次事故无关。本题意指courses(课程)是否与needs(需要)挂得上钩，而不是一般得有点关系，故应选geared.285.ifwecan_ourpresentdifficulties,theneverythingshouldbeallright.a.getoffb.comeacrossc.comeoverd.getover答案d.getover.注释getover(difficulties)克服（

29、困难）。286.becarefulhowyou_thatjug,itwillbreakveryeasily.a.pourb.operatec.handled.employ答案c.handle.注释handle意为“用手拿.”:washyourhandsbeforeyouhandlemybooks.287.wesuddenlysawthebusabouttoleaveandhadtorun_tocatchit.a.hardlyb.awkwardlyc.hardd.strongly答案chard.注释runhard意为“使劲跑”，句中hard是副词。hardly“几乎不“，是否定副词，与本题不符。

30、288.hehatedthewarsomuchthathedecidedtoleavethearmy_.a.forlongb.onceinawhilec.forgoodd.onceuponatime答案c.forgood.注释forgood(=permanently)永久地:hesayshesleavingthecountryforgood.forlong长久地。按本题题意，用forlong不妥。onceuponatime从前。onceinawhile偶尔。289.thisyearthefarmerswerejustabletogatherinthe_beforethefineweatherc

31、ametoanend.a.collectionb.harvestc.flowerd.plant答案b.harvest.注释gatherin“收获(庄稼)”:thefarmersaregatheringinthecorn.290.asuccessfulscientistneeds_ifhewantstomakehypothesis(假设)ofhowprocessesworkandhoweventstakeplace.a.permissionb.penetrationc.imaginationd.convention答案c.imagination.注释imagination想象力；penetrat

32、ion穿透；permission允许;convention惯例，常规。291.tellyourbrothertocome_,becauseitsgoingtoraininaminuteortwo.a.indoorsb.outdoorsc.outwardd.inwards答案a.indoors注释按句子的逻辑意思应选indoorsadv.向屋里；在屋里，inwardsadv，向内，向中心，outward向外。outdoors是indoors的反义词。本文译文:叫你兄弟进屋来，因为天马上要下雨了.292.icantadviseyouwhattodo.youmustuseyourown_.a.opi

33、nionb.guessworkc.justiced.judgment答案djudgement注释judgement判断。guesswork猜测，justice正义，公正，ideal理想。293.becauseofthepoorharvest,wheatpriceshave_inthelastsixmonths.a.addedb.jumpedc.amountedd.developed答案b.jumped.注释jump(=risesuddenlyinprice)指“(价格)暴涨”。294.thereisa20minuteparking_here,sowemustgetbacktothecarveryquickly.a.freedomb.limitc.allowanced.prohibition答案b.limit.注释parkinglimit意为在停车场“停车的时间限制”。a20minutesparkinglimit(停车时间限制为20分钟).295.thecountryneedsa_government.wehavehadthreeprimeministersinay