初中宾语从句

1、Object Clauses,宾语从句,一教学任务 宾语从句 二教学重点 1.宾语从句的概念 2.宾语从句的引导词 3.宾语从句中的语序 4.宾语从句的时态变化,教学难点 1. when与if 引导的宾语从句和状语从句 2.宾语从句与简单句的互换,We know him,We know he likes English.,主s,主s,谓v,谓v,宾o,宾o,宾语从句就是由一个句子来构成主句的宾语,简单句,复合句,一 什么 是宾语从句？,试比较,E.g.: 1) I hear (that) he will be back in an hour. 2) He said (that) he want

2、ed to stay at home.,1. that,二 .宾语从句的引导词,(2012呼和浩特）What did you teacher say this morning? She told us_ why was Tom late for school again whether we had too much homework how he did come to school this morning that we would have a test soon,2. 由特殊疑问词 who, whom, whose, which, what, where, how, why, whe

3、n引导的宾语从句,这些词既有词义又在宾语从句中充当成分。,e.g.1)Do you know whose book it is ? 2)Could you tell me why the train is late? 3)He asked who could answer the question.,(2011陕西）I was told to meet Mr. Green at the airport. But I dont know _ he will arrive. A. where B. why C. how D. when,(2011成都）Can you tell me _ ? Hes

4、 a bank clerk. Who your father is What your father does Where your father works,(2012浙江温州）Can you tell me _ to travel to Dalian? -About two hours by plane. How much it cost B. what I should take C. How long it takes D. which is the best season,(2012乌鲁木齐）I really dont know_? What should I do B. why h

5、e is so nervous C. How did he run away D. where has he gone,3.由从属连词 whether, if 引导的宾语从句,if/whether 引导宾语从句 表示“是否”之义，说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚，在句中不充当句子成份. 常用在ask, wonder, can/could you tell me后,(2012山东澭坊）Weve given her some advice, but I dont know _ shell accept it. A. What B. where C. whether D. which,特殊情况：只能用

6、whether不能用if的情况,1.在介词后面： Im thinking of whether we should go fishing. We didnt think about whether it would rain the next day. 2.在动词不定式前： They asked me whether to sit at the front.,3.当与or not连用，或提出两种选择时: I dont know whether hes free or not. Mary asked whether I was doing my homework or not. Tell me

7、whether youd like to go shopping or tidy the room. 4.宾语从句提前时： Whether this is true or not, I cant say.,5.在动词discuss后的宾语从句中: E.g.: We discussed whether we would have a sports meeting next week. 6.引导表语从句或位于句首的主语从句用whether E.g.: Whether he is right or wrong is a question. The question was whether he we

8、nt there last night.,Helen says that she will learn French next year. Do you know where he comes from? He asked me if I could get to the bus station on time.,三. 宾语从句的语序,无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都是运用陈述句的语序，即是“主语在前，谓语在后”的顺序。,(2012山西）As for Mr. Brown, do you know_? Sure, Canada. But he has been teaching Frenc

9、h for two years in Shanghai. where he is working where he comes from where is his motherland,(2011南京）Most children are interested in amazing things, and they wonder_. A. when can they see UFOs B. how can elephants walk on tiptoe C. why do fish sleep with their eyes open D. why there is no plant life

10、 without lightening,(2012北京）-Can you tell me _the prize, Tom? -Last year. When you got B. when did you get C. When will you get D. when you will get,(2012天津）-Can you tell me_? -With Lucys help. A. when you did it so well B. when did you do it so well C. how you did it so well D. how did you do it so

11、 well,(2012重庆）-Could you tell me_? -By searching the Internet. How you got the information Why you got the information How did you get the information Why did you get the information,(2012南京）-Peter, is there anything else you want to know about China? -Yes. I am still wondering_. How is Chinese pape

12、r cut made How was the Great Wall built in ancient times Why the Chinese people like to play the dragon dance Why do the Chinese people eat rice dumplings at Dragon Boat Festive,宾语从句中时态的变化,主句的时态是一般现在时，从句该用什么时态就用什么时态。 Eg: I dont think you are right. Please tell me what they bought in the mall yesterd

13、ay.,(2012兰州）-Do you know _ Dunhuang with his family? -Next week. when does Mr. Brown visit when will Mr. Brown visit when Mr. Brown visits when Mr. Brown will visit,(2012山东临沂) I wonder _ on April 23, World Book Day. Did you find some interesting books to read? A. What did you do B. what you did C. W

14、hat do you do D. what you do,(2011重庆）The woman asked the policeman where_. The post office is B. the post office was C. Is the post office D. was the post office,2. 主句是一般过去式， 从句只能用相应的过去时态。,(2011宁夏）Bob asked me_. what was she doing what is she doing what she was doing what she is doing,主从句动作同时发生，从句用过

15、去进行时,-What did you teacher say this morning? -She told us _ . why was Tom late for school again that we will have a test soon that we would have a test soon how much the dress costs,主句是一般过去时，主句的动作发生在从句之前， 从句是过去将来时。,He said the train _ by the time they arrived at station. A. left B. had left C. have

16、left D. is leaving,主句是一般过去式，从句的动作发生在主句之前， 从句是过去完成时。,3. 如果从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态用一般现在时。,Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year. Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun. The teacher told us that nothing is difficult if we put our hearts into it.,五.宾语从句与简单句的转换,1.当主从句的主

17、语一致时,且主句的谓语是hope, wish, decide, agree, choose等时, 从句可简化为不定式。 1) I dont know what I shall do next. I dont know what to do next. 2) John didnt decide which shirt he would buy. John didnt decide which shirt to buy.,2. 当主从句的主语一致时，且主语的谓语是know, remember, forget, learn等时，从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”。 1) Can you tell me

18、how I can get to the police station? Can you tell me how to get to the police station? 2) Please show me how I should start the recorder. Please show me how to start the recorder.,3. 动词seem后的宾语从句可用不定式来简化，但句型要有适当的变化。 It seems that football is very interesting. Football seems to be very interesting.,4

19、. 宾语从句可简化成名词或名词短语。 I dont believe what Tom said. I dont believe Toms words.,练一练1.I dont know what I shall do next .(变为简单句） I dont know next .2.John didnt decide which book he would buy .(变为简单句） John didnt decide .3.Can you tell me how to get to the bus stop ?(变为复合句） Can you tell me the bus stop ?4.Please tell Lucy how to use the MP5 .(变为复合句） Can you tell Lucy the MP5.,Could you tell me ? A. where the twins wereB. where the twins are C where are the twins A: Do you know ?B: Yes , he came here by