水产词汇-汇总

1、biological invasionbaldkl nven 生物入侵 Global Aquaculture Education全球水产养殖教育 aquaculture水产养殖Cage culturekedklt网箱养鱼 Lobsterlbst 龙虾Life History生活史 Blue Crab blu krb 三疣梭子蟹；蓝蟹；青蟹channel catfish斑点叉尾鮰 biodiversitybaodvrsti生物多样shrimp rmp 虾；小虾 shellfish贝类 algaeldi 藻类aquatic plantkwtk plnt 水生植物 freshwater淡水 pond

2、池塘pearl珍珠 mortalitymrtlti 死亡率reproduction繁殖molluscmlsk 软体动物 crustacean krsten 两栖动物clamklm 蛤oysterst 牡蛎 abalonebloni 鲍鱼 scallopsklp 扇贝amphibianmfbin两栖动物crayfish kref 小龙虾 reptile rptl, -tal 爬行动物breeding繁殖；饲养 seafood海鲜 catfish鲶鱼 trout trat 鳟鱼，鲑鱼dissolved oxygen溶解氧Spawnspn产卵 Mate配对 Sponge spnd 海绵 moltmo

3、lt脱皮 predatorprdt 捕食者Distribution分布 Mature成熟的 embryombro胚胎 Animal proteinprotin动物蛋白 Fishmeal鱼粉 Capture fisherie捕捞渔业Fisheries resources渔业资源 starfish海星 packets of spermspm 数包精子 planktonic,plktnik 浮游生物Hatchlinghtl 人工孵化 King Crab, Red King Crab皇帝蟹 Fishery渔业Enhancementinhnsmnt增加 Symposiumsmpozm讨论会 Worksh

4、op车间 forumfrm论坛small scale/large scale experiment小范围/大型实验 broodstock cultivation 亲鱼培育Air stone气泡石 Flow through溢流道 Larval/larvelrvl幼虫Artemia卤虫 Larval diet幼虫饮食 Hatcheryhtri孵化器larve/fry/fingerling/ Juveniledvnal幼虫（体） diatomdatm硅藻nutrition enrichmentnjutrn营养强化survial生存dry weight干重 durationduren of exper

5、iment实验持续时间Vibrio vbr,o bacteria弧菌fatty acid /proteinprotin/amino acid,mi:nu sid 脂肪酸/蛋白质/氨基酸Pond culture池塘养殖Aquaculture modes水产养殖模式“Eight Words” Water,Seeds, Feeds, Density，Polyculture混养, Rotationroten 轮流, Diseasedziz疾病 Management，paddy pdcuture稻田养殖 Silver carp 鲢鱼Bighead carp 鳙鱼 Grass carp草鱼 Black c

6、arp青鱼Common carp鲤鱼Crucian carp鲫鱼 Blunt snout bream武昌鱼（团头鲂）Mud mdcarp鲮鱼Mandarinmndrn fish鳜鱼Japanese eel日本鳗鲡River crab河蟹；大闸蟹 Chinese mittenmtn crab中华绒蝥蟹Japanese prawnprn日本对虾 Tilapiatlpi 罗非鱼Rainbow trouttrat虹鳟Largemouth bassl:dmaubes大嘴鲈鱼 Giant tiger prawn 草虾giant river prawn 罗氏沼虾 Penaeus monodon Giant

7、tiger prawn 斑节对虾Kelp海带 White leg shrimp白对虾 Litopenaeus vannamei凡纳滨对虾Litopenaeus vannamei Boone 对虾 Big yellow croakerkrok大黄鱼Perchpt 鲈鱼 turbottbt大比目鱼 Intensive ntnsv culture集约化养殖Extensive kstnsv culture粗养 formulatefrmjlet feed配合饲料water quality kwlti management水质管理 optimalptml temperature最适温度Sexual mat

8、uritysl mtrti性成熟 Food Habits食性Spawning timesp:ni 产卵期powdered feed粉状饲料 pelleted pltdfeed颗粒饲料 Stocking density放养密度Raft筏 Loachlot 泥鳅Tunatun金枪鱼Seed collector集卵器Shelll贝壳Water temperaturetmprt水温 Yellow tailtel黄尾袋鼠 Experimental station试验站Suitable feed合适的饲料 Man-made shelterlt人工海礁In diameterdamt/width/depth直

9、径/宽度/深度 Salmonsmn大马哈鱼Conserve/conservation保存/保护 Young fish幼鱼Artificial fertilize,rtfl ftlaz人工受精Life cycle生命周期 species物种 Basic research基础研究Hatch/hatching孵化Migratory martrifish 洄游鱼类Coastal kostl waters沿海水域Large scale大规模的Penaeus monodon斑节对虾 Giant tiger prawn草虾 grass prawn草虾 Mangrovemrov 红树林omnivorous m

10、nvrs杂食的 herbivory h:bivri草食性 carnivorouskrnvrs肉食性的Fertilization,ftlzen受精naupliusnplis无节幼体 Protozoeaprotz蚤状幼体 mysismaisis糠虾；糠虾幼体；糠虾期metamorphose,mtmrfoz 变态 salinityslnti盐度 milkfish虱目鱼 Eel鳗鱼Estuarystri河口 Anguillaanguillawil欧洲鳗鲡anguilla japonicadpnk日本鳗鲡 Glass eel 玻璃鳗 Yellow eel黄鳗 silver eel银鳗Recirculat

11、ing Aquaculture System再循环水产养殖系统recirculating/recirculation system再循环/再循环系统 progenyprdni 后代 Secondaryskndri次要的 Grow-out养殖出来Fingerlingfg,l小鱼 Selective slktvharvest选择性收获Secondary species/Main species主要/次要物种的物种 Organic fertilizerrgnk ftlaz有机肥料 Marketable size市场规格Culture period培养期 Fertility生育能力 Water bod

12、y水体 Stocking size放养规格 Murray codmri;虫纹石斑鱼 golden perchpt黄金鲈 silver perch银鲈 offspring fspr子代 survival rateret存活率 scale规模handling处理 capture捕获 oxygenation,ksdnen氧化作用 parasiteprsat寄生虫 formalinfrmln 福尔马林 antibiotics,ntbatks抗生素 methylene mlnblue美蓝 malachite greenmlkat孔雀石绿 fungalfl 真菌 heal治愈 yolk sacsk卵黄囊

13、Mm(millimeter)毫米Cm(centimeter)厘米 m(micrometer)测微计 Aquatic Diseases水生疾病 Stress压力 Chemical Stressorstrs化学压力源Biological stressor生物压力源 Microorganism微生物 Population,ppjulen density种群密度 Physical stressor物理压力 Procedural stressor程序上的压力 Pathogen pdn病原体；病菌 immunitymjnti 免疫力 Mucusmjuks粘液 Inflammationnflmen炎症Ant

14、ibodyntbdi抗体 sodiumsodm 钠 potassiumptsm钾chlorideklrad氯dehydration,dihadren 脱水Sanitation,snten 环境卫生 Nitrogenous natrdns含氮的organic debrisdbri 有机残骸 Disinfectdsnfkt消毒Infectious传染性Parasitic,prstk/parasite寄生/寄生虫 Protozoa,protzo 原生动物 Proteinsprotin蛋白质Lipidslipidz脂类 Carbohydrate,krbohadret碳水化合物 Vitamins维生素

15、Mineralsmnrl矿物质Attractantstrktnt引诱剂 plant protein植物蛋白 animal protein动物蛋白 crude protein粗蛋白Essentialsnl aminomino acidssd必需氨基酸 Methioninemanin蛋氨酸 lysinelasn 赖氨酸Essential fatty acids必需脂肪酸 chloroformklrfrm/methanolmnl 氯仿/甲醇high unsaturatednstretd fatty acids (HUFA)高不饱和脂肪酸 Energy代谢能 Digestibledadstbl Ene

16、rgy可消化能 Feed Conversionknvn Ratioreo(FCR)饲料转化率Polyculture of bighead carp in ponds and pensIn China, bighead carps are usually cultured as secondary species together with other carp species. The grow-out stocking density is 750-1500/ha of 13-15 cm fingerlings. If selective harvesting is to be practi

17、ced, a certain proportion of larger sized fish (up to 250 g) is also stocked. There is no special feeding/fertilization required for bighead when herbivorous and omnivorous fish are cultured as the main species. However, organic fertilizer is usually applied to raise natural food if bighead and silv

18、er carp are cultured as major species. The fish can reach marketable size (750-1500 g) within 8-10 months in China. The culture period may be much shorter in tropical and subtropical areas. The yield of bighead carp is usually 500-1000 kg/ha, which accounts for 10-15% of the total production. In Vie

19、tnam, bighead grow-out is conducted through polyculture with other species, such as grass carp, silver carp, rohu, mrigala, common carp and tilapia. Bighead carp is stocked as a minor species in the ponds, usually accounting for 3-5% of the total. However, bighead carp usually account for 5-7% of th

20、e total production. No special feeding for bighead carp is practised. The market size of bighead carp is 2.5-3 kg.Extensive culture in small lakes and reservoirs In this system, bighead carp are usually stocked as the major species, with a stocking density of 150-750/ha, depending on the size and fe

21、rtility of the water body. This level represents about 40-50% of the total number of fish stocked. The stocking size is usually 13-15 cm. A small percentage of large fingerlings (up to 250 g) is also stocked for selective harvesting to fully utilize the water and the available natural food. Neither

22、feed nor fertilizer is used in this form of rearing. The production of bighead can reach 150-400 kg/ha, which accounts for 40-60% of total production. 池塘和网拦鳙鱼的混养 在中国，鳙鱼与其他鲤科鱼类通常作为次要种类。养成的放养密度为1315厘米的鱼种750-1500/ha 。如果选择性收获要按照大规格鱼（到250克）按一定比例再放养。草食性和杂食性鱼类作为主要的养殖种类没有特别投饲/施肥。然而如果鳙鱼和鲢鱼作为主养种类，施有机肥通常适用于提高天

23、然饵料。在中国这种鱼可以8-10个月达到上市规格（750-1500克）。饲养期可能会比热带和亚热带地区短得多。鳙鱼产量通常为500-1000公斤/公顷，占总产量的10-15 。 在越南，鳙鱼养成通过与其他品种混养，如草鱼，鲢鱼，南亚野鲮，印鲮，鲤鱼和罗非鱼。鳙鱼在池塘作为次要种类，通常占总量的3-5 。然而，鳙鱼通常占5-7 的总生产。不对鳙鱼做特别的投饲。市场规格为2.5-3公斤。 小型湖泊和水库粗养 在这个系统中，鳙鱼通常放养为主要品种，根据水体的大小和生育能力放养密度150-750/ha。这个级别代表约40-50 的鱼放养总数。放养规格一般为13-15厘米。一部分（超过250克）大型苗种

24、也选择性放养和捕捞，以充分利用水体和天然饵料。无论是使用饲料和肥料养殖的那种类型。鳙鱼产量都能达到150-400公斤/公顷，占总产量的40-60 。WORLD REVIEW OF FISHERIES AND AQUACULTUREFisheries resources: trends in production,utilization and tradeOVERVIEWGlobal production from capture fisheries and aquaculture supplied about 101 million tonnes of food fish in 2002, p

25、roviding an apparent per capita supply of 16.2 kg (live weight equivalent), with aquaculture accounting for the growth in per capita supply since 2000. Outside China, the worlds population has been increasing more quickly than the total food fish supply; as a result the average per capita fish suppl

26、y outside China declined from 14.6 kg in 1987 to 13.2 kg in 1992 and has since remained stable. Overall, fish provided more than 2.6 billion people with at least 20 percent of their average per capita animal protein intake. The share of fish proteins in total world animal protein supplies grew from

27、14.9 percent in 1992 to a peak of 16.0 percent in 1996 and remained close to that level (15.9 percent) in 2001.Preliminary estimates for 2003 based on reporting by some major fishing countries indicate that total world fishery production decreased slightly (1 percent) compared with 2002. However, th

28、e total amount of fish available for human consumption increased to 103 million tonnes and, on average, the per capita supply was maintained. The decrease in capture fisheries resulting from the contraction of reduction fisheries in some major fishmeal-producing countries was partly compensated for

29、by increases in other food fisheries and aquaculture.China remains by far the largest producer, with reported fisheries production of 44.3 million tonnes in 2002 (16.6 and 27.7 million tonnes from capture fisheries and aquaculture, respectively), providing an estimated domestic food supply of 27.7 kg per capita as well as production for export and non-food purposes. However, there are continued indications that capture fisheries and aquaculture production stati