林业词汇中英文_第1页
林业词汇中英文_第2页
林业词汇中英文_第3页
林业词汇中英文_第4页
林业词汇中英文_第5页
已阅读5页,还剩12页未读 继续免费阅读

下载本文档

版权说明:本文档由用户提供并上传,收益归属内容提供方,若内容存在侵权,请进行举报或认领

文档简介

1、.林业词汇2009-5同龄林forest consisting of even-aged stand (trans.)掠夺式经营exploitation management ; high grading间歇经营、间歇经营林; 间歇作业intermittent production ;forest under intermittent management林分经营;林分管理stand management; management on a stand basis立木蓄积、立木度stocking (=d)更新作业法;作业法silvicultural system稽核;照查control永续林;恒

2、续林continuous cover forest永续林经营;永续林施业;恒续林施业continuous cover forest management system单木作业;单采作业;单木施业forest management by individual trees掠夺式伐采exploitation划伐、 伞伐混合作业; 群状伞伐作业shelterwood group system ;group shelterwood system划伐作业;群状择伐作业group selection system ; group selection management经营林;施业林;生产林managed

3、forest营林监督forest inspection森林经营计划;森林经营 (学 ) forest management () ;forest management planning(neol.)森林法forest act; forest ordinance; forest law营林监督forest inspection森林条例;森林法令forest ordinance林业政策;森林政策forest policy林业;林学forestry林业经济;林业经济学forest economics高山林;山岳林;山地林mountain forest大面积伞伐作业;大面积伞状天然下种法;广状伞伐更新

4、法uniform shelterwood system小面积集团森林经营group management乔林;用材林high forest乔林作业high forest system木材需求;木材需要demand for wood木材供销;木材获得timber supply木材生产timber production ; wood production原木分级;材种;原木检尺timber assortment木材消费wood consumption ; timber consumption木材供给wood procurement林产业;木材工业;木材加工业timber industry ; wo

5、od processing industry禁止皆伐clear fell ban ; prohibition of clear cutting皆伐作业 (法 )clearcutting system ;crearfelling system;.地景经营;地景施业;景观施业landscape management地景保护;景观保护landscape protection阔叶树林broadleaved forest ; hardwood forest多目标 (利用 )林业multiple-use management ; multi-use management混交林;混合林;混生林mixed w

6、oodland ; mixed forest中林;矮林;萌芽林coppice with standards中林作业;矮林保残作业法coppicewith standards system; composite forest system; storiedcoppice system( uk )针叶树林coniferous forest近天然经营林分;近自然经营之林分near to nature forest; naturally managed forest天然林;自然林;自生林natural forest; indigenous forest矮林;萌芽林coppice forest ; sp

7、rout forest ;low forest矮林择伐作业;择伐矮林作业coppice selection system矮林作业;简单 (单纯 )矮林作业simple coppice system正规林业;正规森林经营;合法的林业regulated forest management人工林经营plantation management择伐作业selection system; single tree selection system择伐林selection forest; plenter-wood环状划伐;带状划伐;带进孔状伞伐strip-and-group felling ()带状划伐;带进

8、群状伞伐作业strip-and-group felling system带状伐采作业strip cutting system ; strip felling system速生林作业free growth management伞伐作业法shelterwood method ; shelterwood system异龄混交法;混合林;混交林highly structured forests保残木作业;二段乔林作业;保残乔林作业high forest with reserves (system) ; highforest with standards ( system)原始林;原生林virgin f

9、orest蓄积保育management of the growing stock森林forest育林 (学 ) ;造林;造林学silviculture森林利用 (学 )forest utilization ; forest utilisation森林生态系forest ecosystem牧野经营;牧野管理;草原管理pasture management; range management再造林义务replant duty ; legal obligation to replant作业级;事业区working circle森林调查专家 (员 );森林调查专业人员forest inventory s

10、pecialist森林经营计划之归纳及演绎计划法;森林经营 (经理 )之归纳及演绎法 indicative and deductiveforest management methods森林生长控制control of forest growth (trans.)绩效检验performance test永续林业;永续森林经营sustainable forest management永续性;保续;永续sustainablility永续作业;永续经营sustained-yield management永续准则;永续基准sustainability criteria;.永续经营调整;永续经营规整(调整

11、 )sustained yield regulation禁伐;禁伐令;禁止开发preservation order ;exploitation ban再生产reproduction超伐;过伐overcutting ; overfelling伐采龄felling age树龄,林龄age龄阶;龄级区分age gradation龄级结构;龄级分布;龄级构成age calss distribution林木界限;树限;乔木界限timber line ; tree line林业经营单元 (单位 )management unit林缘;林分边界stand edge; edge of a stand林分安全性

12、(稳定性 )stand stability经营安全性;低风险之森林经营;森林经营之风险回避(低危险 ) low-risk forest management财政轮伐期;理财的轮伐期financial rotation面积加权平均林龄;森林之加权平均林龄weighed average age of a forest(trans.)伐采方向;伐木倒向felling direction伐采周期;回归期;循环期felling cycle ; cutting cycle次序;优先级;顺序order天然林演替相; 天然林演替阶段; 天然林之发育过程(阶段 )development phases of (n

13、atural)forests森林经营计划期;计划期间;作业计划期planning period ; forestmanagementperiod; working plan period择伐作业体系;择伐作业forest selection system生产期;生产时间;生产性作业时间production time ; productive time林缘保护;林分边缘保护edge protection空间次序;收获地域 (地点 )顺序spatial order林缘 (缘条 );境界edge; border伐采顺序 (序列 )cutting sequence; felling sequence伐

14、采顺序规划;伐采序列cutting order ; felling order伐采管理harvest management伐采序列felling series经营计划起始日;经营计划之开始日starting date of a management plan (trans.)生态稳定性ecological stability工艺轮伐期technical rotation林衣;林套forest mantle收获周期;回归年 (期 )harvesting cycle ; cutting cycle轮伐期rotation ; rotation length最大材积收获轮伐期;材积收获最多之轮伐期ro

15、tation of maximum volume production最大收益轮伐期;金钱总收益最高之轮伐期rotation of maximum cash flow;maximumcash flow rotation最大土地净收益轮伐期;土地纯收益最高之轮伐期rotation of maximum soil rent最大森林净收益轮伐期; 森林纯收益最高之轮伐期rotation of maximum income ;rotationof the highest net income伐期龄;轮伐期rotation age;.更新级regeneration class更新期regeneratio

16、n interval ; regeneration period预测forecast; prognosis; prediction森林覆盖率;森林占有率;森林率percent forest cover森林结构;森林构造forest structure; forest composition森林界限;树木界限forest boundary ; forest limit抗风力;暴风抗力;耐风力;风阻力windthrow resistance ; wind resistance; wind firmness森林经营单元;森林经营单位forest management unit经济伐期economic

17、 maturity收获时序;收获次序temporal order时间序列time series时间序列分析;时序分析time series analysis收获表yield table理想立木度;法正蓄积;理想蓄积normal stocking理想蓄积growing stock ; ideal standing volume地方收获表local yield table材积收获volumetric yield法正龄级分布normal (ideal) age classdistribution法正蓄积normal growing stock法正林;理想林;正规林normal forest法正林模式

18、;理想林模式normal forest model ;ideal forest model现实林actual forest (trans.)材种别收获表;利用材积收获表assortment yield table材种别收获表assortment table法正计算上之裸地;理论上之无立木地;理论上之未立木地theoretical clearfell area林况forest condition目标蓄积target growing stock目标林target forest( trans.)生长表increment table间伐 (疏伐 )收获;中间收获intermediate yield所有

19、权型;财产归属types of ownership土地利用型;土地利用分类land-use classification地块;林分;土地区分parcel; land parcel森林使用权forest right ;right of forest use ;( forest privilege )森林企业;林业企业;森林事业体forest enterprise森林所有权;森林地产forest estate森林所有权分割;森林所有之分割forest fragmentation ; fragmentation of forest holdings非生产林;保护林non-productive for

20、est (trans.)保安林protected forest (=d)游憩地;森林游憩林;森林游乐林recreational forest小面积林丛;灌丛;萌生 (芽 )林;矮林copse教学林;展示林;实验林;试验林demonstration forest; instruction forest; training forest;university forest未经营林;未施业林unmanaged forest;.森林公园forest park ;park forest保安林protection forest森林保护法案;保安林之划定forest protection act森林功能;森

21、林机能;森林利用forest use; forest land use; forset function森林功能分类;森林机能分类forest land use class森林带;树林带forest belt; woodland belt森林步道forest nature trail ; forest walk限制林;限制使用林limited use forest (trans. )保存林;预备林forest reserve; reserved forest防风林带;保护林带shelterbelt; windbreak经济林;生产林commercial forest ; production

22、forest森林公益功能;森林公益机能;森林社会效益(利益 ) social benefits of forests林班compartment; forest compartment林班界compartment boundary林分stand小班界;林分界sub-compartment boundary ; stand boundary防火带;防火线fire break ; fire line森林地域forest area鉴界;境界补正;境界纠正boundary correction ; rectification of boundaries林地forest land非生产地;非林地;除地no

23、n-productive forest land林区管理处forest district苗圃nursery;tree nursery; forest nursery林区;森林区forest range; range保护带;保护林 (树 )带;缓冲带 protection belt ; protection strip ; buffer strip调查单位;抽查单位survey unit ; inventory unit小班sub-compartment准小班;造林地号;小班stand绝对的森林土壤;限适森林的土壤soil only suitable for forest (trans.)森林劣

24、化、土壤劣化forest degradation土壤的;土壤因素的edaphic收获水平;生产水平yield level方位; a 坡向;斜面方向aspect; direction of slope森林植物社会学(forest ) plant sociology霜孔;易受霜害地frost hollow倾斜角;坡度 (降 );梯度gradient自然度naturalness潜在自然森林社会 /植群;潜在自然植生potential natural forest community地貌;起伏度relief立地调查;生育地调查;地况调查;土地测绘site survey; site mapping; s

25、ite apparaisal;siteapparaisement立地描述,生育地描述;土地描述;地况记载site description ;destription of site地位指数;土地指数;地位指标site index立地因子,生育地因子site factor;.立地型;生育地型;地位型site type森林生物生态空间调查;森林小区测绘forest biotope mapping森林土壤forest soil森林区;森林地带forest region森林社会;森林生态体系forest community ; forest association林型;森林型forest type森林荒

26、芜;森林破坏forest destruction生长区;生长区域growth region生长区域;生长范围;森林带growth zone良木cull ; reject; cull wood尖削度;尖梢;梢杀high taper林龄查定;林龄调查age determination枝条材;枝材branchwood枝条性branchiness无节knot-free尖削系数;尖削度;尖削指数taper coefficient树木;乔木tree树种pecies; tree species树高tree height树木形数tree form factor树木材积total tree volume树型级t

27、ree class测树mensuration林木材积式;干材积式tree volume equation ; volume equation ; tariff number胸高breast height (b.h.)可利用材;成材;可利及费材(材积 )merchantable timber volume可利用材积形数;材积形数timber form factor肥大生长;直径生长diamemter growth尖削;直径递减taper直径级;直径阶diameter calss直径生长 (量 );肥大生长diameter increment ; diameter growth定期平均生长量per

28、iodic average increment材积表(uniform) tariff晋级生长ingrowth精英树;菁英树;特优树elite tree;champion tree剥皮peeling ; bark removal ; debarking ; barking去皮材积;收获实材积cubic meter under bark (m3u. b.)收获损失harvest loss; harvest waste连皮材积( fm);含皮材积;实积立方公尺cubic meter over bark ( m3o.b.)形状高;树形高 form height ;volume/basal area r

29、atio ; tree form height形状高生长;树形高生长form height increment形率;形商;直径率form quotient形数;形状系数form factor (f)胸高断面积basal area (b. a.);.胸高断面积表; 断面积表;圆面积表table of basal areas;basal-area table;table of sectional areas树干解析stem analysis树高生长height growth年轮解析analysis of annual rings ; tree ring analysis年轮;生长轮growth r

30、ing ; annual ring轮尺callipers; caliper直径测定diamter measurement最小测量径级;测径界限;直径界限minimum dbh (by inventory)树冠crown树冠(林冠)结构;树冠构造crown structrue树冠直径;冠径crown width树冠级crown class材积轮尺volumetric callipers阔叶树broadleaved tree; hardwood tree期间生长量;当年生长量current increment连年生长量current annual increment原木检尺;伐木检尺 (测定 )m

31、easurement of felled timber常设标志;测标measurement mark测定位置measurement location中央直径mid-diameter中央周围;中央圆周mid-girth母树mother tree针叶树conifer ; softwood tree定期生长量periodic increment精英树;优型树;选留树plus tree;selected tree暴长木;暴露木wolf tree层积立方公尺cubic meter stacked自记轮尺;电子轮尺recording cal(l)iper(s)皮材率;树皮率bark deduction ;

32、 bark allowance ; bark factor树皮厚度计;树皮计;树皮测定器bark gauge原木log树干;干材;主干stem; trunk ; bole树干形质stem quality树干级;树型级stem quality class树干形数stem form factor形状比height-dbh ratio区分求积volune measurement by sections原木分等;材种分等log grading ; grading of logs ; grading of stems树干;主干stem树干长stem length; timber length萌芽;萌条;

33、萌糱coppice shoot; stool shoot; sucker; sprout简化材积表tariff保留木;保存木;保残木reserving of standards胸高圆周长;胸高周围长girth breast height (gbh);.连皮圆周长;连皮周围长girth over bark去皮圆周长;无皮周围长girth under bark周围生长量;圆周生长量girth increment可利用最小直径;最小利用直径diameter limit活力;生长力vitality每木调查complete enumeration材积timber volume材积收获volume yie

34、ld ; volume production材积表volume table ; log rule材积生长 (量 )volume increment生长参数;测定要素growth parameters ;increment parameters生长率;成长率;生长速率growth percent ; increment percent价值成长value increment本 文 来 自 : 林学苑网()详 细 出 处请参考:/show.asp?id=151树梢;梢top生长活力;生长潜力vigour生长形;生长型

35、;生育型growth form末端直径;末口直径;末径top (end) diameter ; small end diameter主林木;主伐木;收获树final crop tree ; future tree ; crop tree容许误差allowance增长量;生长 (量 );增量increment生长锥increment borer增长系数;生长率;生长系数increment coefficient受压木;中庸木intermediate tree株距;株距值tree spacing平均年生长量;龄级平均增长量mean annual increment树高生长曲线 height cur

36、ve; height development curve ;height age curve人工新造林地;次生幼龄林establishment算术平均树高arithmetic mean height算术平均直径arithmetic mean diameter人工幼龄林;人造幼龄林pre-thicket母树林;选留木林分;特优母树林elite stand; selected stand; selected crop树种混淆;混淆species mixture; mixture杆材木;老龄林pole size timber树层;乔木层tree layer立木株数;株数;立木数number of s

37、tems建造期;成林期间establishment period树冠被覆;林冠披覆cover; crown cover ; canopy cover;.林分密度stand density林分发育;林分生育期(阶段 ) stand development ;development of a stand林分形数stand form factor林分胸高断面积;林分胸高断面积合计stand basal area林内孔隙;林隙;林分未遮蔽率clearing林分剖面;林分断面图stand profile ; cross-section of a stand林分结构;林分构造stand structure

38、; constitution of a stand ; structure of a stand蓄积结构;蓄积构造growing stock structure立木度;林分密度指数stand density index地位级;立地位级site class可利用材积生长量;利用材积生长量merchantable timber increment郁闭期;丛林;壮龄林thicket断面积平均木直径quadratic mean diameter; diameter of mean basal area tree断面积中央木直径;中央断面积直径median dbh40%百分位胸径;40%规则的平均胸径m

39、ean dbh according to the 40% rule直径分布diameter distribution平均总生长量;总平均生长量mean gross increment标准树高曲线standard height curve单层林single-storied stand冰霜害ice damage主伐林分;主伐木;主伐收获final crop暂植木;补植木filler总收获材积total volume ; total yield郁闭林分;最大蓄积林分fully stocked stand同龄林;同龄林分even-aged stand均质林分;一齐林;均匀林分;同形林;同质林unifo

40、rm stand树群;群group; group of trees伐期平均生长量final mean annual increment ;average yield class主要树种main tree species主林分;主林木;主伐木main crop; principal crop ; main stand; principal stand优势木dominant crop次要树种; 副树种;补助的混交树种; 经济价值少的树种nurse species;auxiliary species ;accessory species断面积平均木树高height of mean basal are

41、a tree; mean height断面积中央木树高median height40%百分位树高;40%规则的树高height according to the 40% rule树高曲线height curve ;diameter-height curve林分水平结构;林分水平构造horizontal stand structure团;灌木;树丛see“ group ”未成熟材;未熟材juvenile wood幼龄生长;幼龄林;丛状林thicket每木调查表;调查表;检尺簿;野帐;明细表tally sheet; measurement list胸高断面积平均木;断面积平均木mean basal

42、 area tree冠层;林冠;树冠canopy;.树冠竞争;树冠竞合crown competition树冠层;林冠层crown layer树冠郁闭度;林冠密度crown closure ; crown cover灌丛;树形不良林分;矮林;灌木林scrub (stand)连年总平均年生长量;连年生长量total mean increment复层林multi-storied stand混合 (交 )树种associated species林分平均胸高直径;林木平均直径mean diameter; average diameter林分平均树高average height; stand height

43、平均树高loreys mean height中央木;平均木mean tree天然修枝;天然落枝;自行修枝natural pruning ; self pruning次要树种;副树种;从属种secondary species; subordinates pecies附属林分secondary crop上层树高;上木高度top height ; height of dominant trees强势木生产力;生产力指数;地位指数productivity index上层overstor(e)y ; uppermost layer ; upper stor(e)y上层木overwood ; upper

44、crop先驱树种pioneer species; pioneer形质生长 (量 )quality increment ; increase in quality成熟林mature stand纯林pure stand; pure crop采运损伤;出材损伤extraction damage采种林;母树林seed stand; parent stand损害;疵伤;损伤defect; damage树( 林)冠疏密度canopy density雪害snow damage株距;干距tree spacing; spacing(between trees); espacement立木位置图;直径分布;胸径分

45、布;树干分布;林木分布dbh distribution立地稳定性;立地强度stability of stand中龄林;杆材;小径木(林 )pole stage; pole crop风害wind damage; storm damage枯死木dead trees小群see group过熟林分;老龄过熟林分(木 )overmature stand异龄林uneven-aged stand不规则林;不整齐林irregular stand下层林;下层植生;下木understor(e)y ;underwood ; undergrowth留存木;主林木main crop after thinning ;re

46、sidual stand试验地;试验区;试区experimental site ; experimental area林分垂直结构;林分垂直构造vertical stand structure主要树种main species; principal species立木蓄积;林木蓄积growing stock生长函数growth function;.指标林分index stand;indicator stand ; control stand兽害;鹿伤害;动物危害tree damage caused by forest fauna (trans.)林分成长龄级;林分成长级数;自然的龄级stand

47、development class生长空间;生育空间growing sapce中央木平均生长;增长量中央木;平均生长木mean growth tree生长率;增长百分比;成长率increment percent ;growth percent二层林;二段林two-storied取样率sampling intensity ; sampling fraction ; sampling rate必要样本数;最少样本数required sample size调查;定期抽样调查inventory遥测;遥感探测remote sensing定期调查;追踪调查periodic inventory集团取样法cluster sampling分层取样;分层取出之样本stratified sample概估;粗略估计rough estimate; raw estimate断面积调整;断面积规整basal area regulation测高器height meter测树学mensuration; dendrometry森林调查;森林清查inventory ; for

温馨提示

  • 1. 本站所有资源如无特殊说明,都需要本地电脑安装OFFICE2007和PDF阅读器。图纸软件为CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.压缩文件请下载最新的WinRAR软件解压。
  • 2. 本站的文档不包含任何第三方提供的附件图纸等,如果需要附件,请联系上传者。文件的所有权益归上传用户所有。
  • 3. 本站RAR压缩包中若带图纸,网页内容里面会有图纸预览,若没有图纸预览就没有图纸。
  • 4. 未经权益所有人同意不得将文件中的内容挪作商业或盈利用途。
  • 5. 人人文库网仅提供信息存储空间,仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理,对用户上传分享的文档内容本身不做任何修改或编辑,并不能对任何下载内容负责。
  • 6. 下载文件中如有侵权或不适当内容,请与我们联系,我们立即纠正。
  • 7. 本站不保证下载资源的准确性、安全性和完整性, 同时也不承担用户因使用这些下载资源对自己和他人造成任何形式的伤害或损失。

评论

0/150

提交评论