F.ScottFitzgerald美国文学菲斯杰拉德英文课件[共28页]

1、F. Scott Fitzgerald,Life and Career Major Works Fitzgerald and the Jazz Age The American Dream Case Study,Outline,Born in St. Paul, Minnesota on September 24, 1896 Had an expensive education in private schools at Princeton. Due to illness and neglect of academic study, he left the university in 1917

2、 without graduation,Life and career,Married Zelda Sayre, who exerted a strong influence on his literary career and his personal life. She was the prototype of a series of rich, beautiful women who figure prominently in his fiction. The young couple frequently went abroad and lived extravagantly a lu

3、xurious life. To keep earning enough money, Fitzgerald wrote short stories and novels at a rapid speed,The 1930s brought relentless decline for Fitzgerald with a series of misfortunes: his reputation declined, his wealth fell, his health failed. Zelda had suffered from some serious mental breakdowns

4、 which confined her in a sanitarium(疗养院) for the rest of her life. Alcoholism, loneliness and despair combined to ruin Fitzgerald. He died in 1940 of a heart attack,Major works,novel This Side of Paradise天堂的另一面: His first novel. It won for him wealth and fame. The Beautiful and Damned 漂亮冤家又名美丽与毁灭 Th

5、e Great Gatsby 了不起的盖茨比/长岛春梦: His masterpiece. It made him one of the greatest American novelists. Tender is the Night夜色温柔 . The Last Tycoon最后的大亨: His last novel. It remains unfinished,Major works,short stories: Flappers and Philosophers (1921)时髦女和哲学家 Tales of the Jazz Age (1922) 爵士乐时代的故事 All the Sad

6、 Young Man (1926) 一代悲哀的年轻人 Taps at Reveille (1935) 早晨的起床号 Babylon Revisited（1931）重访巴比伦,Fitzgerald and the Jazz Age,The Jazz Age: It refers to the 1920s, a time marked by frivolity(轻松快活), carelessness, hedonism(享乐主义) and excitement in the life of the flaming youth. Fitzgerald is largely responsible f

7、or the term and many of his literary works portray it. The Jazz Age is brought vividly to life in The Great Gatsby,Fitzgerald and the Jazz Age,Most critics have agreed that Fitzgerald is both an insider and an outsider of the Jazz Age. Fitzgeralds fictional world is the best embodiment of the spirit

8、 of the Jazz Age, in which he shows a particular interest in the upper-class society, especially the upper-class young people,Fitzgerald and the American Dream,the American Dream is a popular belief that people can achieve success, whether it is wealth, fame or love through honest hard working in a

9、new world of liberty, equality, chances and promises. Fitzgeralds fictions often deal with the bankruptcy of the American Dream, which is highlighted by the disillusionment of the protagonists personal dreams due to the clashes between their romantic vision of life and the sordid reality,Fitzgeralds

10、 own life was a mirror of the 1920s. He was the victim of his “American Dream.” He was fascinated with material wealth on one hand by writing hard to accumulate wealth to live an extravagant(铺张的) life, yet was bewildered(使迷惑) with the wealth on the other, fully aware of the underlying spiritual diso

11、rientation and moral decay. Finally in his life, alcoholism, loneliness and despair combined to ruin him,Fitzgerald and the American Dream,Case study,1)There was music from my neighbors house through the summer nights. In his blue gardens men and girls came and went like moths among the whisperings

12、and the champagne and the stars. At high tide in the afternoon I watched his guests diving from the tower of his raft, or taking the sun on the hot sand of his beach while his two motor-boats slit the waters of the Sound, drawing aquaplanes over cataracts of foam,On week-ends his Rolls-Royce became

13、an omnibus, bearing parties to and from the city between nine in the morning and long past midnight, while his station wagon scampered like a brisk yellow bug to meet all trains. And on Mondays eight servants, including an extra gardener, toiled all day with mops and scrubbing-brushes and hammers an

14、d garden-shears, repairing the ravages of the night before,整个夏天的夜晚都有音乐声从我邻居家传过来。在他蔚蓝的花园里，男男女女像飞蛾一般在笑语、香摈和繁垦中间来来往往。下午涨潮的时候，我看着他的客人从他的木筏的跳台上跳水，或是躺在他私人海滩的热沙上晒太阳，同时他的两艘小汽艇破浪前进，拖着滑水板驶过翻腾的浪花。每逢周末，他的罗尔斯一罗伊斯轿车就成了公共汽车，从早晨九点到深更半夜往来城里接送客人，同时他的旅行车也像一只轻捷的黄硬壳虫那样去火车站接所有的班车。每星期一，八个仆人，包括一个临时园丁，整整苦于一天，用许多拖把、板刷、榔头、修技剪

15、来收拾前一晚的残局,Writing Style,Fitzgerald is considered as a great stylist in American literature. His style, closely related to his themes, is explicit and chilly. His accurate dialogues, his careful observation of mannerism, styles, models and attitudes provide the reader with a vivid sense of reality. H

16、e used the scenic method in his chapters, each one of which consists of one or more dramatic scenes, sometimes with intervening passages of narration, leaving the tedious process of transition to the readers imagination. Fitzgeralds prose is smooth, sensitive, and completely original in its diction

17、and metaphors,At the beginning of this chapter, Gatsbys parties bring 1920s wealth and glamour into full focus, showing the upper class at its most lavishly opulent. However, what lie behind those luxurious parties are meaninglessness and emptiness. Here Fitzgerald gives great attention to the detai

18、ls of contemporary society: Gatsbys party is both a description and parody of Jazz Age decadence,Analysis,2)“What do you think?” he demanded impetuously. “About what?” He waved his hand toward the book-shelves. “About that. As a matter of fact you neednt bother to ascertain. I ascertained. Theyre re

19、al.” “The books?” He nodded. “Absolutely real have pages and everything. I thought theyd be a nice durable cardboard. Matter of fact, theyre absolutely real. Pages and Here! Lemme show you.,Taking our scepticism for granted, he rushed to the bookcases and returned with Volume One of the “Stoddard Le

20、ctures.” “See!” he cried triumphantly. “Its a bona-fide piece of printed matter. It fooled me. This fellas a regular Belasco. Its a triumph. What thoroughness! What realism! Knew when to stop, too didnt cut the pages. But what do you want? What do you expect?” He snatched the book from me and replac

21、ed it hastily on its shelf, muttering that if one brick was removed the whole library was liable to collapse,你觉得怎么样？”他冒冒失失地问道。 “关于什么？” 他把手向书架一扬。 “关于那个。其实你也不必仔细看了，我已经仔细看过。它们都是真的。” “这些书吗？” 他点点头。 “绝对是真的一页一页的，什么都有。我起先还以为大概是好看的空书壳子。事实上，它们绝对是 真的。一页一页的什么等等！我拿给 你们瞧。,他想当然地认为我们不相信，急忙跑到书橱前面，拿回来一本斯托达德演说集卷一 约翰-斯

22、托达德（John Stoddard，1850-1931），美国演说家，著有演说集十卷。 “瞧！”他得意洋洋地嚷道，“这是一本地地道道的印刷品。它真把我蒙住了。这家伙简直是个贝拉斯科。真是巧夺天工。多么一丝不苟！多么逼真！而且知道见好就收并没裁开纸页。你还要怎样？你还指望什么？” 大卫-贝拉斯科（David Belasco，18501931），美国舞台监督，以布景逼真闻名。 他从我手里把那本书一把夺走，急急忙忙把它放 回书架的原处，一面叽咕着说什么假使一块砖头被 挪开，整个图书室就有可能塌掉,The Library One of his guests is surprised to find t

23、hat his books are real and not just empty covers designed to create the appearance of a great library, which suggests that many of the inhabitants of the west and east egg use an outward show of wealth to cover up their inner corruption and moral decay, but Gatsby seems to use his richness to mask s

24、omething entirely different and perhaps more profound,Analysis,3)He smiled understandingly much more than understandingly. It was one of those rare smiles with a quality of eternal reassurance in it, that you may come across four or five times in life. It faced or seemed to face the whole external w

25、orld for an instant, and then concentrated on you with an irresistible prejudice in your favor,It understood you just so far as you wanted to be understood, believed in you as you would like to believe in yourself, and assured you that it had precisely the impression of you that, at your best, you hoped to convey. Precisely at that point it vanished and I was looking at an elegant young rough-neck, a year or tw