鞋用抗菌剂,抗菌卫生整理剂,纸张防霉剂,塑料抗菌防霉剂,床品防螨剂

1、棉织物由于价廉物美、吸湿性好、穿着舒适等优点而倍受人们喜 爱，但是棉织物对微生物低劣的抵抗性使其广泛应用遇到一定的挑战。 随着人们生活水平的提离和健康环保意识的增强，对纺织品卫生保健 功能的要求越來越高，因此对棉织物进行抗菌整理具有十分垂要的意 义。在各种抗菌剂中，纳米氧化锌的抗菌效果非常好，还具有广谱抗 菌、高效持久、对人体无毒无刺激等优点，因此本论文主要研究了纳 米氧化锌抗菌剂的制备并对棉织物进行抗菌整理使之获得良好的抗菌 性能。由于纳米材料的特殊效应，使得纳米抗菌剂的性能远比传统抗菌 剂要优越。市售的纳米抗菌剂产品多为粉末状的，对织物进行抗菌整 理时必须先将其配成抗菌剂颗粒均匀分散的溶液

2、。前人己有的研究表 明，由于纳米微粒之间吸附作用很强，非常容易发生团聚，使得抗菌 剂颗粒无法在织物上均匀分布，高温焙烘后抗菊剂粉体又很容易从织 物上脱落，严重影响了织物的抗菌效果。针对这个问题，本课题基于 文献综述中无机抗菌剂的优点，选择了 ZnO为无机抗菌剂.纳米氧化 锌的抗菌性能来源于光催化活性及金属离子溶出机理，综合比较了 ZnO 制备方法的优劣，再结合科研实际情况，本辣题选择了 ZnCb、NaOII、 聚丙烯酸纳(PAAS)、？ 一缩水甘油瞇氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷(GPTMS) 等为基本原料，采用了微乳法和溶胶一凝胶法配制了 ZnO溶胶，并用 XRD和Zetar激光粒度仪进行检测和表征；在

3、不影响棉织物手感的前 提下，采用浸轧烘抗菌整理工艺使ZnO溶胶负载在棉织物上，并以富 有代表性菌种的革兰氏阴性菌种大肠杆菌和革兰氏阳性歯种金黄色葡 萄球菌为代表菌种，采用抑菌圈法进行检验，并以二次通用旋转组合 设计方法设计实验方案进行实验，优化参数，以得到最佳抗菌工艺条 件；用扫描电镜比较分析了棉织物原样与处理样的表面结构变化，并 探讨了纳米ZnO的抗菌机理及用ZnO处理棉织物后对其基本物理性能 的影响；最后附带探讨了经ZnO溶胶处理后的棉织物抗紫外线的研究。 本课.题最终得到如下的结论：1经XRD、ZeTar激光粒度对ZnO溶胶表征和检测后，发现大多数ZnO 粒子的大小在77.6nm左右，这

4、说明纳米氧化锌的粒度粒径已经达到 了纳米级。在对纳米氧化锌溶胶制备的影响因素的探讨中，经实验 证明在下列条件中，制得的氧化锌水溶胶是均匀和稳定的：r值（HQ 与金屈醇盐的摩尔比）为40、PH值为6、温度为609。2用ZnO溶胶对棉织物进行传统的浸轧烘抗菌整理工艺，并采用二次 通用旋转组合设计方法，利用随机方向搜索法，得到大肠杆菌和金 黄色葡萄球菌最优抗菌工艺参数。ZnO溶胶浓度5.7600%、温度为 44.6671* Cx 时间为 45.0226 分钟，PH 为 6。3从扫描电镜测试图中可知，抗菌整理前后棉织物的表面形态发生了明 显的变化，经过抗菌整理的棉布样上均匀分散着许多非常微细的纳米 Z

5、nO颗粒。这说明纳米氧化锌在应用在棉织物上时并没有发生明显的 团聚现象；处理后的棉织物的水洗50次后，耐水洗性效果仍然良好; 对经纳米ZnO整理的棉织物进行抗菌性机理的探讨后可知:纳米ZnO 对棉织物的抗菌性能是由光催化机理和金属离子溶出机理共同起作 用的结果。4经实验后，发现经纳米ZnO溶胶处理后的棉织物对其物理基本性能 有所彩响：棉织物润湿性和透气性几乎没有什么变化，白度略微增 加，断裂强力、褶皱回复角略有降低，但是这些变化在实际使用中 是可以接受的。5在纳米ZnO对棉织物抗紫外线的研究中，实验结果发现在波长280 400nm范围内，紫外线中UVA和UVB的透过率都很小，透过率分 别为1.

6、34%和2.08%, UPF为49.714。这说明整理后的棉织物具有 非常好的抗紫外线的作用。关键词：棉织物，纳米ZnO,抗菌剂，抗菌，抗紫外线Nanometer Antibacterial MaterialsTrepration AndExploration On TextilesApplicationABSTRACTIn the modem life ,cotton fabrics are more and more popular because of their excellent absorptance and wear-comfort,but they have poor micr

7、obiological resistance.Recently with imprcvement of peoples life,they have demand for antibacterial textiles,so cottons antibacterial finishing is more and more important.As antibacterial materialZinc has many merits such as high efficiency,perdurence,safe and so on I am studied in this dissertation

8、 that how to produce the sol-gel of nano-Zinc and give cotton fabrics good microorganism resistance.With special performance of nanometer materials,nano meter antibacterial agents are better than usual antibacterial agents.At present ,many nanometer antibacterial agents are power products in the mar

9、ket.The former research shows that powery antibacterial agents canni distribute on the fabric because nanometer particulates are easy to gather together. In this dissertation,on the base of ZnC12,NaOH,PAAS,GPT- MS etc .use the Mirco-emulsification and sol-gel to make the Zinc oxide,then test the Zin

10、c oxide particle with XRD and ZeTar laser granularity machine;on the premise of having no effect on handle of cotton fabric,we ue Pad-dry technique to make cotton fabrics antibacterial finishing with nanometer Zinc oxide antibacterial agents;on the representative test specimens of Klebsiellapneumoni

11、ae and Staphylococlus- Aureusheck-upthe cotton fabric with The Agar Plate Method,Adopting the universal rotatable experimenul design ,optimizing the parameters to obtain the reaction optimization condilions;analyzing the surfoce structure change between the original cotton fabric and treated cotton

12、fabric through the scanning electron microscope and studying the antibacterial mechanism of nanometer Zinc oxide and influence over the basic physical performance for the treated cotton fabric ;at last,studying the antiultraviolet radiation of cotton fabric with the nanometer Zinc oxide treatment.by

13、 means of specific experiments and analysis ,the following conclusions have been drawn out: 1. The results shows through the XRD and ZeTar that the Zinc oxide particulate is 77.6nm or so,which proves the granularity of Zinc oxidegets the nanometer degree;after experiment,we obtained the best equal s

14、table sol-gel Zinc oxide under these conditions :r is 40,PH is 6 ,the temperature is 60* C;After the Pad-dry technique to make cotton fabrics antibacterial finishing with nanometer Zinc oxide antibacterial agents,adopting the universal rotatable experimental design and use the method of random searc

15、hing,we obtain the optimum process conditions : concentration of Zinc oxide :5.7600%(relative fabric weight ),temperature of reaction :43.1338* C,time of reaction :45.0226 min and PH is 6 3.3.From the scanning figure,we can learn that there are mangy equal small Zinc oxide particle on the treated co

16、tton fabric,which shows there isnt almost phenomenon of gathering together;afier washing the treated cotton fabric 50 timesjt shows there is still antibacterial performance in the cotton fabric and good washability effect ;the antibacterial performance for the cotton fabric come from both the light

17、catalyse mechanism and the metal hydronium dissolved mechanism.The experiments show that there is a little influence on the basic physical performance with the treated cotton fabric : there isnt nearly change in the wetting performance and air permeability,there is a little increase in the whiteness

18、,there is a little decrease both breaking strength and drape reverted angle , however ,all of these changes can be accepted in the practical productionIn the studying of ant ultraviolet radiation for the cotton fabric,the result is that both UVB and UVA have very little permeation percentage ,UVA is

19、 1.34%,UVB is 2.0&UPF is 49.714 within the range of 280400nmwhich shows the nanometer Zinc oxide has very good antiultraviolet radiation function in the cotton fabric Engineering)LuKaiGong Xing Jian (TextileSupervised by professorKeywords:cotton fabricnanometer Zinc oxideantibacterialantibacterial a

20、gents antiultraviolet radiation目录目录I摘耍1Abstract1绪论11纳米防媾真丝筍织服装开发的意义12国内外研究现状22. 1国外研究现状22.2国内研究现状33课题研究的主要内容31丝绸工业概况及蚕丝的结构与性能51.1我国丝绸工业的发展概况512蚕丝的结构与主要性能512丝素的结构和组成61.2.2丝素的性质61.2.3丝胶的结构和组成71.2.4丝胶的性质72購虫及其对人体的危害82.1室内尘埃中微牛物的共生关系82. 2螞的种类及其危害性103纳米科技及微粒的结构特性123. 1纳*科技及纳米材料的发展123.2纳米微粒的制备方法概述133.2.1化学法143.22物理法143. 2.3综合法143. 3纳米微粒的基本理论 15331电子陡级的不连续性153. 3. 2 尺寸效应163. 33农面效应1733. 4小尺寸效应183. 3. 5宏观就子隧道效应183.3.6介电限域效应183. 4纳*微粒的结构与特性193.4.1纳米微粒的物理特性193. 42纳米微粒的化学性能2035纳米材料的设计与计算214纳米防媾整理剂的制备.2