2021年英语演讲稿写作及格式范本

1、精编word文档 下载可编辑具体要求:a. 简要说明研究背景(background)b. 简要介绍总的发现(general findings)c. 介绍具体要点(introduction of points)d. 与现有发现(若有)进行比较(comparison in the context of other studies)e. 意义(suggested meaning)f. 结论(conclusion)g. 前瞻研究(future studies)结论往往是论文中最长也是最难写的部分,主要原因是作者要对研究结果和发现进行分析、推断、演绎和推理,要求作者具有很强逻辑思维能力和英语文字组织能力

2、。此外,这部分时态比较复杂,要分清实验过程和结果(过去时)与分析意见(确定:现在时不确定或假设:过去时)的区别他人研究结果(过去时或现在完成时)与本研究结果(过去时)的区别普遍适用的结论(现在时)与只适用本研究的结论(过去时)的其别等。因此,对于however, may, might, could, would,possibly, probably, be likely to 等词(组)的使用以及we believe (think/ consider) that, to our knowledge, in our experience (practice) 等插入语的使用就显得格外重要。示例:

3、parenteral nutrition is being used with increasing frequency as a primary source of caloric support in adult and pediatric patients with gastrointestinal problems. numerous complications have been associated withthe administration of tpn, including a significantly increased incidence of gallbladder

4、disease 3-5,7. the data here suggest that cholecystectomy is often required for the management of symptomatic gallbladder disease in this group of patients, and is associated with significant risks.说明研究背景,包括意义of the 35 patients who required cholecystectomy for tpn-induced gallbladder disease, operat

5、ive morbidity and mortality were 54 percent and 11percent, respectively. maingot 8 has stated that cholecystectomy “isone of the simplest and safest of the abdominal operations, and is associated with a low operative mortality rate (about .5 percent). a review of the pediatric literature suggests th

6、at when cholecystectomy is performed in children, the operative morbidity is less than 1 percent, and the mortality is less than 1 percent. 8,9 glenn 11 has reporteda mortality rate of less than .1 percent in over 5, patients underthe age of 5 years who underwent cholecystectomy. the morbidity and m

7、ortality observed in our group of receiving long-term tpn, therefore, were far in excess of what would be expected for a population of patientswhose mean age was 29 years. 提出本研究主要发现并将其与其他研究发现相比较our data suggest that are specific factors unique to patients who require long-term tpn that contribute to

8、 the increased mortality and morbidity associated with cholecystectomy in this select group.以下,作者用较大篇幅分析了这类病人死亡率和并发症增高的临床、实验室和手术等方面的原因,原文从略based on the results of our studies, we believe that early cholecystectomy is indicated in patients with tpn-induced gallbladder disease. obviously, all patients

9、 with symptomatic disease should undergo cholecystectomy unless there specific medical contraindications. these operationsshould be performed in a timely, elective fashion because delay may result in the need for urgent surgery and thereby, increase an already high risk. although recent studies have

10、 suggested that cholecystectomy maynot be warranted in otherwise healthy patients with asymptomatic gallbladder disease 2, we believe that this axiom does not apply to patients with tpn-induced gallbladder disease. out data suggest that the natural history of gallbladder disease in patients receivin

11、g tpn is considerably different from that of their counterparts not receiving tpn. based on our findings, we recommend elective cholecystectomy in patients receiving tpn when gallstones first appear. furthermore, cholecystectomyshould be considered, especially in children without stones who are undergoing laparotomy for other reasons. 从对结果的分析及与其他研究的比较得出结论性意见,这是讨论部分最重要的内容 whether tpn-induced gallstones can be prevented through daily stimulated gallbladder emptying awaits the results of further studies. 前瞻研究5) 致