B3Module 1 Europe Grammar 导学案（2）

1、B3Module 1 Europe Grammar 导学案（2）高一英语组一语法突破探究被动语态与主谓一致被动语态与主谓一致均属于中学英语语法中的重要组成部分，也是高考常考点。近几年试题多从基本结构和基本用法实行考查。学习本部分要掌握以下重点：1. 被动语态的各种时态怎样表达? 2. 哪些动词不能用被动形式？3. 主谓一致都有哪些特殊情况？. 被动语态 【观察领悟】 Paris is visited by more than eight million tourists. The Church of the Sagrada Familia was designed by an architec

2、t called Antonio Gaudi. The window got broken. 【自我归纳】1. 被动语态的基本结构： _。情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+ be + 过去分词 A new hospital will be built here. His car is being repaired now. The work hasnt been finished yet. 【拓展延伸】 1. 有些动词用主动形式表被动含义。例如： The goods sell well. 货物卖得好。 The door opens easily. 门容易开。 有些词如want, need, req

3、uire和 be worth后面跟v. -ing，形式为主动，意义为被动。 The room needs/wants/requires cleaning. The book is worth reading. 这本书值得读。2. 以下动词无被动形式。 last(延长)，happen, cost(花费), lack(缺乏)，agree with(同意)，join, fit/suit(适合), have, belong to, let, disappear, break out(爆发)/burst out(迸发)【活学活用】1. 用所给动词的适当形式填空The students _ often _

4、(tell)to take care of their desks and chairs. What _ a knife _ (use)for? How many trees _(plant) in your school last year? The books cant _(take) out of the library. The cinema _(build)in 1985. Vegetables, eggs and fruit _(sell)well in this shop. These kinds of machines _(make)in Japan. Apples _(gro

5、w)on this farm. All the work _(finish)already. Many trees _(cut) down now. 2. 单项填空(2012湖南高考)Dont worry. The hard work that you do now _ later in life. A. will be repaid B. was being repaidC. has been repaidD. was repaid (2012昆明高一检测)Can this bike _ here? A. repair B. is repaired C. be repaired D. rep

6、airing _ for two years, the bike needs _. A. Using; repairing B. Being used; being repaired C. Having been used; repairing D. Having used; to be repaired . 主谓一致 【观察领悟】 My family lives in Cardiff. 我家住在卡迪夫。 The whole class is here. 整个班都在这儿。 My family are all soccer fans. 我们一家人都是足球迷。 The class are all

7、here. 全班同学都在这儿。 Neither of them is English. 他们俩都不是英国人。 None of them has arrived yet. 他们都还没到。 Each of them has a capital city. 他们都有一个首都城市。 None of the emails have been answered. 所有的电子邮件都还没有回复。【自我归纳】 1. 集体名词作主语时，如果强调个别成员，谓语动词用_形式；如果强调整体，谓语动词用_形式。这类集体名词有audience, army, class, company, crowd, family, go

8、vernment, group, population, public, team, village, school等；2. neither指“_”，在一般情况下谓语动词用_数；3. none 表示三者或三者以上“都不”，谓语动词既可用单数，也可用复数；4. each指“两个或两个以上的人或物中的_”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 【拓展延伸】 1. 表示时间、重量、距离、价格、体积等名词的复数作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Forty miles _ covered in a single night. (be)Twenty years _ a long time in ones life. (be

9、)2. 由or, nor, either. . . or. . . , neither. . . nor. . . , not only. . . but (also). . . 连接的并列主语及there be结构，通常根据就近原则，谓语动词的单复数形式要和与它邻近的主语一致。 例如：One or two friends _ coming this evening. (be)3. 当主语后面有as well as, with, along with, together with, but, like, rather than, except等引导的短语时, 谓语动词要与它们前面的主语保持一致

10、。例如：Tom as well as his friends _ invited to the party. (be)4. 被every, each, no等限定的单个主语由and连接时，谓语动词用单数。例如：Each boy and (each) girl _ an apple. (have)5. 由more than one, many a修饰的名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。例如：Many a student _ seen the film. (have)6. 由kind, form, type, series, sort等词修饰的名词作主语时，其谓语动词的数取决于这些词的单复数，而不是它

11、们后面的名词。例如：This kind of bikes _ very popular nowadays. (be)7. 由and连接但表示同一事物作主语时，谓语用单数。The writer and speaker _ from the USA. (be)8. each作主语的同位语时， 谓语动词由主语来决定，与each无关，但each作主语时，谓语动词用单数。例：They each _ a radio set. (have)Each of them _ a radio set. (have)【活学活用】1. 用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空Every man and woman _(invit

12、e) to attend the meeting. Many a student and teacher _ (be) here. What you said _ (be)meaningless. Either he or I _ (be)wrong. Not only the students but also the teacher _(take) part in the games next week. The police _ (be)searching for the murderer. The writer and singer _(give) a speech now. Ther

13、e _ a pen and two pencils on the desk. Each of the boys in our class _ (like) football. 2. 单项填空(2012陕西高考)The basketball coach, as well as his team, _ interviewed shortly after the match for their outstanding performance. A. were B. wasC. is D. are(2012阳泉高一检测)Now Tom with his classmates _ football on

14、 the playground. A. playB. are playing C. plays D. is playing Thirty dollars _ too expensive for him. A. are B. is C. wereD. be Nothing but one desk and six chairs _in the room. A. are B. is stayed C. isD. are left About 60 percent of the students _ from the south, the rest of them _ from the north

15、and foreign countries. A. are; is B. are; are C. is; areD. is; is 二课时达标训练. 用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空 1. Here _ (be)some books and papers for you. 2. Not only you but also he _ (be) ready to leave. 3. Maths _ (be) very popular in our class. 4. A speech _ (give)here last Friday. 5. Russian _ (learn)as the secon

16、d language by some students in China. 6. Planes, cars and trains _ (use)by business people for travelling. . 将下列主动语态改为被动语态1. We grow cotton in my hometown. Cotton _ by us in my hometown. 2. My parents gave me ten minutes to make a decision. I _ ten minutes to make a decision by my parents. 3. Someon

17、e saw her go upstairs last night. She _ by someone to go upstairs last night. 4. My mother looks through the magazine every day. The magazine _ by my mother every day. . 单项填空1. (2012徐州高一检测)Many a writer of newspaper articles _ to writing novels. A. has turned B. have turned C. being turned D. are go

18、ing to turn2. _ of the mountains in that area _ covered by trees and grass. A. Two-fifth; is B. Two-fifth; areC. Two-fifths; areD. Two-fifths; is3. All the employees except the manager _ to work online at home. A. encouragesB. encourage C. is encouragedD. are encouraged4. Jane is one of the best stu

19、dents in her class who _ by their teacher. A. are praised B. is praised C. praised D. praising5. Neither Tom nor Jack and I _ his students, but each of us _ him very much. A. am; likes B. is; love C. are; likes D. was; loves6. Have you got your test result? Not yet. The papers _. A. are not correcting B. havent corrected C. are still being corrected D. have already been corrected7. (2012枣庄高一检测)Going to bed and getting up early _ a good habit. A. isB. areC. wereD. was 8.