(完整版)人教版八年级上册英语知识点,推荐文档

1、人教版八年级上册英语知识点unit1where did you go on vacation? 重点短语1. go on vacation 去度假2. stay at home待在家里3. go to the mountains 去爬ft4. go to the beach去海滩5. visit museums参观博物馆7.quite a few相当多8.study for为而学习9.go out出去10. most of the time大部分时间11. taste good尝起来很好吃12. have a good time玩得高兴13. of course当然14. feel like给

2、的感觉；感受到15. go shopping去购物16. in the past在过去17. walk around四处走走18. because of因为19. one bowl of 一碗20. the next day第二天21. drink tea喝茶22. find out找出；查明23. go on继续24. take photos照相25. something important重要的事26. up and down上上下下27. come up出来28. buy sth. for sb. / buy sb. sth.为某人买某物29. taste + adj.尝起来30. lo

3、ok+adj. 看起来31. nothingbut+动词原形除了之外什么都没有32. seem+（to be）+ adj.看起来33. arrive in+大地点 / arrive at+小地点到达某地34. decide to do sth.决定去做某事35. try doing sth.尝试做某事 /36. try to do sth.尽力去做某事37. forget doing sth.忘记做过某事/38. forget to do sth.忘记做某事39. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事40. want to do sth. 想去做某事41. start doing st

4、h.开始做某事42. stop doing sth.停止做某事43. dislike doing sth.不喜欢做某事44. keep doing sth.继续做某事45. why not do. sth.?为什么不做呢？46. so+adj.+that+从句如此以至于47. tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不要）做某事48 .have a good time=enjoy oneself=have fun(doing sth.)玩得痛快三、重点句子：1. where did you go on vacation?你去哪儿度假的？2. long time no se

5、e.好久不见。3. did you go anywhere interesting?你去有趣的地方了吗？4. i just stayed at home most of the time to read and relax.大多数时间我只呆在家里看书和放松。5. everything was excellent.一切都很棒。6. i bought something for my father.我给我爸爸买了些东西。7. how did you like it？你觉得它怎么样？8. i arrived at penang in malaysia this morning with my fam

6、ily.今天早晨我和家人到达马来西亚槟城。9. for lunch, we had something very special.午饭我们吃了很特别的东西。10. but many of the old buildings are still there.但是许多旧的建筑物还在那里。11. my father and i decided to go to penang hill today.今天我和爸爸决定去槟城ft。12. and because of the bad weather , we couldnt see anything below.并且因为糟糕的天气，我们看不见下面的任何东西

7、。巩固练习：用不定代词或不定副词填空：1. i cant hear anything = i can hear.2. there ison the floor. please pick it up.3. didgo to play basketball with you ?4. i phoned you last night, butanswered it.5. maybeput my pencil. i cant find it.单选1. no onehow to do it.a.knowb. knowsc. knowingd. knew2. everythingok, isnt it?a.

8、 wasb. arec. andd. is3. theresin the newspaper. you should read it.a. important somethingb. something boringc. boring somethingd. something important.1. arrived in penang in malaysia this morning with my family. (翻译) arrive 为不及物动词，意为, arrive in 到达+大地方（国家 省 市） arrive at 到达+小地方（机场 商店等) get to 到达+地方rea

9、ch 到达+地方the smithsnew york at 8:00 last night. a.arrived atb. got toc.reachd.arrived2. so we decided to go to the beach near our hotel. (翻译) 3. decide 为及物动词，意为决定，决心。决定做某事：.4. my sister and i tried paragliding. （翻译） try to do sth.意为; try doing sth.意为 we shouldnt try(study) english, we should try(stud

10、y) english.5.i felt like i was a bird.(翻译).feel like意为后常接.另外 feel like 还意为 do you feel like a cup of tea?6.i wonder what life was like here in the past.（翻译） wonder为及物动词，意为“想知道”，后常接疑问词（who, what, why)引导的从句。 i wonderyou are doing.(我想知道你正在做什么。)6. what a difference a day makes!感叹句，结构为 what +名词+主语+谓语！补充：

11、 7. we waited over an hour for the train because there were too many people. 为等候 ,后接人或物。 为太多，后接可数名词复数; +不可数名词（money）; 为太后接形容词或副词（big）8 .my father didnt bring enough money.enough 后可接，其形式分别为；。(1) want to do sth. 想要做某事(2) want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事(3) would like to do sth. 想要做某事(4) (2) decide to do st

12、h. 决定做某事(5) decide on 决定某事课后练习一、用所给词的适当形式填空。1. i didnt find( someone ) there.2. is there( something ) important in todays newspaper?3. look! there is( anybody ) at home. the light is on.4. amy( meet ) a famous actor yesterday.5. there( be ) forty-five students in our class last term.6. miss green( c

13、ome ) to china in 2008.7. little tom( be ) here a moment ago.8. she( buy ) a new bag yesterday.二、单项选择()1. -youto the movies？yes, i did.a. didwentb. didgoc. arewent()2. - how was your weekend?-great! wea picnic in the park.a. haveb. hasc. had()3. mrs green with her little daughterat homethat rainy ni

14、ght.a. wasonb. wereonc. wasat ()4. - who told you to clean the windows?miss wang a. toldb. didc. has told ()5. - do you alwaysto the zoo?yes, iyesterday.a. gogob. gowentc. wentgo()6. -there any koalas in the zoo last year?- no, there.a. arearentb. werewasnt c. werewerent() 7.- did you go with?yes, i

15、 did.a. someoneb. anyonec. somebody ()8. - did you buyspecial?no, i didnt.a. somethingb. some thingsc. anything三、句型转换1.lucy played computer games yesterday. ( 改为一般疑问句 ) lucycomputer games yesterday? 2we went to the palace museum.( 对划线部分提问 )you?3. there was someone here just now.（ 改为否定句 ）.4. she play

16、ed volleyball just now.（ 改为否定句 ） she 5volleyball just now. they ate a lot of ice cream.( 对划线部分提问 )they? 6my vacation was pretty good.( 对划线部分提问 )your vacation?unit2how often do you exercise?such as 例如；诸如junk food n.垃圾食品；无营养食品more than 超过；多于；不仅仅；非常less than 不到；少于help with housework 帮助做家务on weekends在周末

17、how often多久一次hardly ever几乎从不once a week 每周一次twice a month每月两次every day 每天be free有空go to the movies去看电影use the internet用互联网swing dance摇摆舞play tennis打网球stay up late熬夜；睡得很晚at least 至 少have dance and piano lessons上舞蹈课和钢琴课go to bed early 早点睡觉play sports 进行体育活动be good for对有好处go camping 去 野营notat all 一点儿也不

18、in ones free time在某人的业余时间the most popular最受欢迎的such as比如；诸如old habits die hard积习难改go to the dentist去看牙医morn than多于；超过less than少于help sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事how about? .怎么样？want sb. to do sth.想让某人做某事how many+可数名词复数+一般疑问句？有多少?spend time with sb.和某人一起度过时光its+ adj.+ to do sth.做某事的的。ask sb. about sth.向某人询问某事

19、by doing sth.通过做某事whats your favorite?你最喜爱的是什么？the best way to do sth.做某事的最好方式三重点语法(一) 重点句型1.-what do you usually do on weekends?i often go to the movies.(1) on weekends/on the weekend 在周末(2) go to the movies去看电影(3) 第一个 do 助动词第二个 do 实意动词2. hardly ever 几乎从不hardly ever 相当于 hardly, ever 起强调作用。hardly为副词

20、，意为“几乎不没有）”，相当于 almost not，本身具有否定含义，不能再使用其他否定词。e.g. she hardly eats anything.辨析: hardly 和 hardhard 作形容词，意为“困难的，艰苦的，硬的”； hard 作副词，意为“努力地，猛烈地”。hardly 意为“几乎不”(1) the ground is tooto dig(2) i canunderstand them.(3) its raining,the people cango outside.3. -how often do you watch tv?twice a week.(1) how o

21、ften 意为“多久一次，多长时间一次”，用来提问频率。(2) twice a week 一周两次拓展: 一次 once两 次 twice三次或三次以上基数词+ timesthree timesfour times4. whats your favorite program?= what program do you like best?你最喜欢的节目是什么？5. how come?怎么回事？怎么会？ 表示某件事情很奇怪，有点想不通；可单独使用， 也可引导一个问句。相当于疑问词 why。但 how come 开头的特殊疑问句使用的仍是陈述语序。how come you didnt tell m

22、e about it? = why you didnt tell me about it?6. i go to the movies maybe once a month. 我也许一个月去看一次电影。maybe 副词，意为“或许，大概，可能”，常位于句首。e.g. maybe he knows the way to the park.辨析：maybe 与 may bemaybe 副词，作状语，意为“或许，大概，可能”，常位于句首。may be 属于“情态动词+be 动词”结构，意为“可能是”。(1) the baby is cryingshe is hungry.(2) the womana

23、teacher .7. last month we asked our students about their free time activities. ask ab. about sth.询问某人某事8. we all know that many students often go online, but we were surprised that ninety percent of them use the internet every day. the other ten percent use it at least three orfour times a week. 我们都

24、知道许多学生经常上网，但是让我们感到惊讶的是 90%的学生每天都上网，而另外 10%的学生一周至少上网达三至四次。(1) other: adj. 其他的+名词the other: adj. 其他的+名词(在特定的范围内) onethe other 一个另一个e.g. one of them is blue，the other ones are purple.它们的其中一个是蓝色的，其他的是紫色的。others: 其他的东西the others: 其他的东西(在特定的范围内)e.g. one of the children likes reading，the others like singin

25、g.后句可替换为 the other students like singing.(2) at least 至少at most 最多，至多e.g. i have ten yuan in my pocket at most.9. most students use it for fun and not for homework.大多数学生上网是为了娱乐而不是为了写家庭作业。10. the answers to our questions about watching television were also interesting.关于看电视的调查结果也十分的有趣。the answers to

26、our questions 问题的答案dance to the music 和着音乐的节奏跳舞key to the lock 这把锁的钥匙11. although many students like to watch sports, game shows are the most popular.尽管许多学生喜欢看体育节目，但是娱乐节目是最流行的。12. it is good to relax by using the internet of watching game shows, but we think the best way to relax is through exercise

27、. 通过使用因特网看娱乐节目来放松很不错，但是我们认为最好的放松方式是通过锻炼来放松。(1) its +adj.+to do sth 做某事的e.g. its very easy to learn english well.(2) by doing sth. 通过做某事(3) the best way to do sth. is 做某事的最好方式13. it is healthy for the mind and the body. 这有益于身心健康。stay healthy = keep healthy = keep in good health 保持健康14. old habits die

28、 hard. 旧习难改。(二)语法知识: 频度副词1. 频度副词的含义(1) 表示次数、频率的副词称为频度副词。常用的频度副词按高低依次为always usually sometimes seldom hadly ever never 100%80%60%30%10%0%(2) 表示具体的频率、次数时，一次用 once，两次用 twice，三次或三次以上用“基数词+times”表示: three times, four times, six times2. 频度副词在句中的位置(1 )频度副词一般在实意动词之前，be 动词、助动词或情态动词之后e.g. we never eat junk fo

29、od. lucy is sometimes very busy. i can hardly say a word.(2)有些频度副词也可位于句首，但表示不同含义sometimes 常位于句首，和位于句中区别不大。e.g. sometimes jack plays computer games.often 用于句首时，通常表示强调，且其前一般有 quite，very 修饰e.g.very often he goes online.usually 也可位于句首，其前不用修饰语。e.g. usually my father goes up early.always 一般不用于句首，但可以用在祈使句中

30、。e.g. always remember this.3. 对频度副词提问时，用 how oftene.g. -how often do you go to the movies?-once a monthunit3 im more outgoing than my sister.单词outgoing at adj.外向的better bet(r) adj.更好的；较好的 adv.更好地loudly ladli adv.大声地；高声地；花俏地quietly kwatliadv.安静地；悄悄地；平静地hard-working hdwkadj.勤勉的；努力工作的competition kmptn

31、n.竞争；比赛fantastic fntstk adj.极好的；了不起的which adj.哪一个；哪一些 pron.哪一个；哪些clearly klli adv.清楚地；显然地win wn v.赢；赢得；获胜；获得 n.胜利though conj.虽然；尽管；adv.不过care about 关心talented tlntd adj.有才能的；有天赋的truly truli adv.真实地；真诚地；正确地care ke(r) v.关心；担忧；照顾；在乎serious sris adj.严肃的；严重的；庄重的mirror mr(r) n.镜子；反映necessary nessri adj.必要

32、的；必然的both b adj.两者都 pron.两者should d aux.应该；可能；应当；将要touch tt vt.触摸；感动reach rit v.到达；伸出；达成；取得联系；延伸；(伸手)去够heart ht n.心脏；内心fact fkt n.事实；真相；实际break brekv.打碎；折断；违背；解决；中断laugh lf v.发笑；笑；嘲笑n.笑声；笑；笑料similar sml(r) adj.类似的share e(r) vt.分享，共享；分配；共有loud lad adj.大声的；adv.大声地；响亮地primary pramri adj.最初的，最早的be diffe

33、rent from 和.不同information nfmenn.信息；情报；资料；通知as long as 只要bring out 拿出；推出the same as 与.同样的in fact 事实上；实际上；确切地说be similar to 类似于；与.相似重点短语1. . more outgoing更外向2. asas与一样3. the singing competition唱歌比赛4. be similar to与相像的/类似的5. the same as和相同；与一致6. be different from与不同7. care about关心；介意8. be like a mirro

34、r像一面镜子9. the most important最重要的10. as long as只要；既然11. bring out使显现；使表现出12. get better grades取得更好的成绩13. reach for伸手取14. in fact事实上；实际上15. make friends交朋友16. the other其他的17. touch ones heart感动某人18. be talented in music有音乐天赋19. be good at擅长20. be good with善于与相处21. have fun doing sth.享受做某事的乐趣22. be good

35、 at doing sth擅长做某事23. make sb. do sth.让某人做某事24. want to do sth.想要做某事25. as+adj./adv.的原级+as与一样26. its+ adj.+for sb. to do sth.对某人来说，做某事的。三重点语法(一) 重点句型1. both sam and tom can play the drums, but sam plays them better than tom.萨姆和汤姆都会打鼓，但是萨姆比汤姆打得要好一些。both (1)表示“两者都”，both 用在含有 be 动词的句中，应放在 be 动词的后面；用在含有

36、行为动词的句中，应放在行为动词的前面，(2)bothand表示“两者都”，both.and 在句中连接并列成分，如主语、谓语、表语、宾语等，位置比较灵活。e.g. both new york and london have traffic problems. (连接主语) the secretary both speaks and writes spanish.(连接谓语)【考例】my parentsdoctors.a. both areb. all arec. are alld. are both 拓展：all 表示“三者或三者以上全都”的意思， every 指三个以上的人或物(含三个)，e

37、ach 指两个以上的人或物(含两个)。练习：用 all,both,every,each 填空1) my brothers and i arel at school.2) student may have one book.3) tom and jim are my good friends.4) three students are flying kites,they arein class 1.2. tara works as hard as tina.塔拉学习和蒂娜一样努力。as.as 意为“与一样”，as.as 中间接形容词或副词的原级。其否定结构 not as/so.as 意为“不如”

38、。e.g. he is as tall as his father.他和他爸爸一样高。tom gets up as early as jim. 汤姆起得和吉姆一样早。lucy isnt as outgoing as mary.露西不如玛丽外向。注意：(1) 其否定式为 not as/so +adj./adv. +as。e.g. this dictionary is not as/so useful as you think.(2) 若有修饰成分，如 twice, three times, half, a quarter 等，则须置于第一个 as 之前。e.g. your bag is twic

39、e as expensive as mine. 你的包比我的贵一倍。3. you can tell that lisa really wanted to win, though.不过，你能看得出来，丽萨确实想赢。win 此处用作不及物动词，意为“赢；获胜”；win 还可用作及物动词，意为“赢得；在中获胜”，此时其后的宾语为比赛的项目、奖品或战争等。e.g. he won the first prize.who won the race？ 辨析：win 与 beat win 表示“赢得；获胜”，用作及物动词时，其宾语为比赛的项目、奖品或战争等。e.g. we won the basketball

40、 game. beat 表示“打赢；战胜”，用于比赛时，其宾语为所战胜的对手。e.g. li lei beat all the runners in the 100-metre race.(2) though 此处作副词，意为“不过；可是；然而”，通常用于句末，前面用逗号与句子隔开。e.g. jim said that he would come; he didnt, though.拓展：though 作连词，意为“虽然；尽管”，相当于 although。e.g. though he has no money, he lives very happily.注意：although/though

41、与 but 不能同时出现在一个句子中。e.g. though he has no money, he lives very happily.=he has no money, but he lives very happily.3. but the most important thing is to learn something new and have fun.但是最重要的是学到一些新东西并获得乐趣。(1) the most important 意为“最重要的”，是 important 的最高级形式。important 的比较级为 moreimportant，形容词的最高级形式前必须有定

42、冠词 the。e.g. i think english is the most important of all the subjects. the most important thing is to work hard.(2) have fun 意为“获得乐趣；玩得高兴”。e.g. its a good place to have fun.拓展：have fun doing sth.意为“做某事很有趣”。e.g. did you have fun visiting that country？5. .truly cares about me. care about 关心，在意take car

43、e 当心take care of 照 顾练习：用适当的词组填空1) your mother trulyyou.2) he has tohis sister.3) not to fall into the river.6. i think a good friend makes me laugh. 我认为好朋友会让我发笑。(1) make sb. do sth.意为“让某人做某事”e.g. his father always makes him get up before five oclock.拓展：make 的用法： make 加 名 词 make food 做 饭 make the bed

44、 铺 床make money 赚钱 make + sb./sth. + adj. 使某人感到；使处于某种状态e.g. the soft music makes tina sleepy. make sb./sth. + n. 使某人成为e.g. the party made her a good teacher. make sb./sth. + 过去分词 让某人被e.g. i made myself understood by all the students. make sb./sth. + do sth. 使 某人做某事(不能带不定式符号 to)e.g. wars make the peac

45、e go away.注意： 当 make 用于被动语态时，必须带不定式符号 to.e.g. we were made to work all night.i was made to repeat the story. (2) 辨 析 ：laugh 与 smile laugh 一 般表示“出声地(大)笑”，不但有面部表情，而且还有声音。laugh at.意为“嘲笑；因而发笑”。 e.g. dont laugh when you have a meal. smile 一般表示“无声地微笑”，指的是面部表情。 smile at.意为“向微笑”。e.g. he smiled at me. 7. yes

46、, and a good friend is talented in music, too.talented 为形容词，意为“有才能的，有才干的”，其比较级形式为 more talented。be talented in为固定搭配，表示“在方面有天赋”。 e.g. she is a talented musician. 她是一名天才音乐家。the boy is talented in dancing. 这个男孩很有舞蹈天赋。 8. im quieter and more serious than most kids. 我比大多数的孩子更文静更稳重。(1) serious 为形容词，意为“严肃的

47、；稳重的”。e.g. my math teacher is very serious in class.拓展： nothing serious 意为“没有什么严重的”。 be serious about. 意为“对认真”。e.g. is she serious about giving up her job？9. thats why i like reading books and studying harder in class.那就是我在课堂上喜欢读书、学习更刻苦的原因。thats why.意为“那就是的原因”，why 引导的句子作表语，是表语从句。e.g. thats why i don

48、t want to leave here.i got up late, and thats why i missed the bus.10. im shy so its not easy for me to make friends.我很腼腆。因此对我来说交朋友不是很容易。“its+形容词+for sb. to do sth.”是固定结构，意为“做某事对某人来说是的”。结构中的 it 是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语。句中的形容词为描述事物特征的词， 如 difficult，easy，hard，important，dangerous，necessary，possible 等。e.g

49、. its very important for us to eat a lot of vegetables every day.its dangerous for a child to stay at home alone.11. but i think friends are like booksyou dont need a lot of them as long as theyre good. 但是我认为朋友就像书一样你不需要很多。只要它们好就行。as long as 意为“只要；既然”，引导条件状语从句，主句为一般将来时或含有情态动词 can 时，所引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时表示

50、将来。e.g.you can leave here as long as you tell the truth.you will get good grades as long as you work hard.12. however, larry often helps to bring out the best in me.然而，拉里经常帮助我表现出最好的一面。bring out 意为“使显现；使表现出”。e.g. i want to bring out the meaning of the poem.我想阐明一下这首诗的意义。拓展： bring out 还意为“出版；生产”。e.g. t

51、he company is bringing out a new sports car. bring out the best/worst in sb. 把某人最好/最坏的一面展现出来e.g. please tell me how to bring out the best in me.13. i dont really care if my friends are the same as me or different.我真的不介意我的朋友是与我一样还是不同。if 作连词，意为“是否”，引导宾语从句，常用于 ask，know，wonder，find out 等动词(短语)之后。e.g. i

52、dont know if he is at home.he asks me if i like music. 14. a true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart. 真 正 的 朋友是一个可以援手帮助并感动你心扉的人。(1) reach for sth.意为“伸手取某物”， reach此处作不及物动词，意为“伸手”。 e.g. he reaches for the box, but he is too short. 拓展： reach 作及物动词，意为“到达；抵达”。 e.g. when will you reach be

53、ijing？辨 析：reach, get to 与 arrive reach 为及物动词，后面直接接宾语。e.g. they reached hangzhou yesterday. get to 后接地点名词，如果接there，here 或 home 等地点副词，to 必须省略。e.g. how did you get to the station？ arrive 为不及物动词，后接地点名词时必须加介词 at 或 in。到达国家、城市等大的地方用 in，到迭学校、商店等小的地方用 at。接 there，here 或 home 等地点副词时不用介词 in 或 at。e.g. i arrived

54、at the company three hours ago. they arrived in hangzhou yesterday.(2) touch 及物动词，意为“感动；触摸”。e.g. the sad story touched us.he touched his sons head lightly. 练 习1) our hometown is more beautiful than before,？（ 济 南 中 考 ） aisnt it bis it cdoesnt itddoes it 2) li huas shoes are as as zhang huis. （湖南常德中考）acheapbcheapercthecheaper 3) she sang a song i believe i can fly in yangzhou english