高考英体验磨练语热点动词

1、学习好资料欢迎下载高考英语热点动词动词是英语中最活跃的词类，是句子的核心成分。此外，英语动词的变化较多, 形式颇为复杂，是英语学习的难点之一。历届高考英语试题常把动词作为测试 的重点，在单项填空题中所占比例在 50沖上。笔者通过对近十年来的高考英 语试题进行分析，归纳常考动词十五类，供大家参考。一、连系动词类连系动词按其所表示的意义可分为以下四种：1 变化类表事物发展变化的过程，如become, go, turn, grow, get, fall等。2. 感觉类表人体部位的感受，如feel, smell, taste, look, sou nd等。3. 状态类表事物所处的状态，如 keep,

2、come, ru n, rema in, sta nd, lie, stay, prove 等。4. 外表特征类表外表给人的印象，如 即pear, seem, look 等。连系动词的作 用是后接形容词或相当于形容词的结构作表语。除了少数几个（如 feel, get, become, grow等）外，不用于进行时态和被动结构。例如：The mixture is tasted terrible.（误）The mixture tastes terrible （正）Jim pretended to be falling asleep when his mother came in（误）Jim pre

3、te nded to fall /be asleep whe n his mother came in（ 正）Im feeling much better than ever before.It was getting darker and darker. Besides, a cold rain began to fall.【咼考例题】（1）-Do you like the material?-Yes, itvery soft. （NMET94）A. is feeli ngB. felt C. feels D. is felt辨析：对于动词feel、tear、write等一些动词，如果表示物

4、体本身材料特征， 用主动表被动。所以答案选 C（2）Why dont you put the meat in the fridge?It willfresh for several days. （NMET 03）A. be stayed B. stay C. be stayi ngD. have stayed辨析：stay是作系动词来用，表示事物状态。所以答案选 B（3）The pilot asked all the passe ngerso n board to rema inas the pla ne wasmak ing a Ian di ng. （04春季高考上海卷）A. seat B

5、. seati ngC. seated D. to be seat ing(4) Be careful whe n you cross this very busy street.If not, you mayrun over by a car. (02高考北京卷)A. have B. get C. become D. turn(5) Happy birthday, Alice. So you havetwen ty-one already.A. become B. tur nedC. grow n D. passed (04天津卷)(6) Sarah, hurry up. Im afraid

6、 youcant have time tobefore the party. (0全国卷 II)A. get cha ngedB. get cha ngeC. get cha ngingD. get to cha nge(7) 0n hearing the news of the accident in the coal mine, shepale. (04 湖北卷)A. got B. cha nged C. went D. appeared(8) The flowerssweet in the bota nicgarde n attract the visitors to the beaut

7、y of n ature. (0上海卷)A. to smell B. smelli ng C. smelt D. to be smelt(9) Although he has taken a lot of medicine, his healthpoor.A. proves B. remains C. maintainsD. continues(02 春上海)(10) I love to go to the seaside in summer. Itgood to lie in the sun or swim in the cool sea.A. does B. feels C. gets D

8、. makes(Key: CBCBB ACBBB)二、感官动词类常考的感官动词有 see, watch, notice, observe, hear, feel, find, catc等。感官动词 的主要作用是后接非谓语动词的不同形式作宾语补足语，表达不同的含义。1 后接不带to的不定式表示一个发生过或者还没发生具体的动作。I ofte n heard the song sung, but I have n ever heard you sing it.Whe n you go to watch the football watch, youwill enjoy seeing the Chin

9、ese football team win.2后接V-ing形式表正在进行的动作。Seeing the sun rising above the surface of the sea, we let out a shout of joy.Heari ng this, I felt my heart beati ng fast.3.后接V-ed形式表被动意义。After his return twenty years later, he found his home town greatly changed.Although I had learnt some English, I had ne

10、ver heard a word of it spoken.【咼考例题】(1) The man agers discussed the pla n that they would like to seethe n ext year.(NMET 2000)A. carry out B. carry ing out C. carried out D. to carry out 辨析：根据固定搭配 see sb do sth / see sth done 本题中plan是that引导 的定语从句中的先行词，做see的宾语。所以答案选C。 A cook will be immediately fire

11、d if he is foundin the kitchen. ( NMET 03)A. smoke B. smoking C. to smoke D. smoked辨析：在本题中，有一个固定搭配find sb doing发现某人正在作某事。此时是被动时态，某人被发现正在做某事。所以答案选B。(3) The miss ing boys were last see nn ear the river.A. playi ng B. to be playi ng C. play D. to play(4) The salesman scolded the girl who was caughtand

12、let her off. (NMET93)A. to have stole n B. to be steali ngC .to steal D. steali ng(5) He looked around and caught a manhishand into the pocket of a passe nger. (0春 北京卷)A. putB. to be putt ingC. to put D. putt ing(Key: CBADD)三、使役动词类表“致使”意义的动词称之为使役动词，如make, let, have, keep, leave, set, sen等。使役动词的作用是后接

13、非谓语动词的不同形式作宾语补足语，表达不同的含义。分以下三种情况：1. make, let have等后接不带to的不定式，表“使/让某人/某物做某事”。Dont make him do it if he does nt want to.If you have any problems, just let me know.在被动结构中不定式须带to，但是have不用于被动结构中.He was made to apologize to the guest.2. have, keep, leave, send, set, ge等后接 V-ing 形式，表持续性动作。rm sorry to keep

14、 you wait ing for so long.Why do you have him worry ing about his less ons?3. have, keep, leave等后接V-ed形式，表被动含义。He did nt keep on ask ing me the time un til he had had his watch repaired.ril keep you in formed as soon as I have the n ews.【咼考例题】(1) Dont leave the watejwhile you brush your teeth. (04天津

15、卷)A. run B. running C. being run D. to run辨析：本题答案选Bo leave + v-ing表示让某物处于一种状态。“让水一直流” 在你刷牙时。(2) Laws that punish pare nts for their childre ns acti ons aga inst the laws getparents_. (04 重庆卷)A. worried B. to worry C. worryi ng D. worry-Why did you go back to the shop?-I left my friendthere. (03 春安徽内

16、蒙古卷)A. wait ingB. to wait C. wait D. waits(4) It was so cold that they kept the fireall ni ght. (NMET91)A. to bur nB. bur nC. bur ning D. bur ned(5) -Good morning, can I help you?-rd like to have this package, madam.A. be weighed B. weighi ngC. weighedD. to weigh (NMET89)(6) The speaker raised his v

17、oice butstill could nt make himself. (NMET91)A. hear B. to hearC. heari ngD. heard(7) As you have n ever bee n there before, Illhave some oneyou the way. (9上 海卷)A. show B. to showC. show ingD. showed(8) Paul does nt have to be made He always works hard. (NMET95)A. lear n B. to lear nC. lear nedD. le

18、ar ning(9) A computer can do only what thinking people. (99 上海卷)A. have it doB. have it doneC. have done it D. hav ing it done(10) Mrs. Brow n was much disappo in ted to see the wash ing mach ine she had had wentwrong. (98年上海卷)A. it B. it repaired C. repaired D. to be repaired(Key: BCACC DABAC)四、含情感

19、色彩的动词这类动词有 excite, in spire, en courage, in terest, satisfy, delight, please, move, frighte n, surprise, amaze, ast oni sh, shock, worry, ast oni sh,disappo int, discourage, exhaust, puzzle, tire, terrify 等。情感动词后接指人的名词 或代词作宾语，有V-ing和V-ed两种形式，在句中作宾语和表语，V-ing形式 指人，V-ed形式则指事物。The story was so movi ng t

20、hat every one prese nt was moved to tears.What disappo inting result! We were all disappo in ted with it.Climbing a hill was tiring and we were tired when we reached the summit.【咼考例题】(1) Nick is looking for another job because he feels that nothing he doeshisboss. (2000春北京安徽内蒙古卷)A. serves B. satisfi

21、es C. promises D. supports辨析：主要考查四个单词词义，在本题中，根据句意主要是“他感觉他所做没 有什么能让老板觉得满意。”故选B(2) -Im verywith my own cooking.It looks nice smells delicious.-Mm, it does have asmell. (02春 NMET )A. pleasa nt; pleasedB. pleased; pleasedC. pleasa nt; pleasa ntD. pleased; pleasa nt辨析： be pleased with sth是某人最某事某物觉得满意，觉得很

22、开心； pleasa nt是指某物属性另人觉得很舒心。选答案 D。 Mr. Smith,of thespeech, started to read a novel.(春北京卷)A. tired; bori ng B. tiri ng; boredC. tired; bored D. tiri ng; bori ng It is believed that if a book is, it will surelythe reader. (03 上海聋)A. interested; interestB. interesting； be interestedC. interested be inte

23、restingD. interesting; interest(5) After his journey from abroad, Richard Jones returned home.(0春上海卷)A. being exhausted B. exhaustedC. exhaust ingD. hav ing exhausted(Key: BDADB)五、后接不定式动词类afford, agree, choose, determ ine, expect,decide, lear n, offer, man ge, hope, want, wish, promise, refuse, fail

24、, prete nd, happen等动词，后跟不定式作宾语。Thank you for offeri ng to help, but I can man age myself.He lear ned to ride a bicycle whe n he was a small boy.【咼考例题】(1) We agreed_here but so far she hasnt turned up yet. (NMET95)A. hav ing met B. meeti ng C. to meet D. to have met 辨析：agree to do sth答应做某事。所以答案选 C。(2

25、) Little Jim should loveto the theatre this eve ning. (NMET92)A. to be take n B. to take C. being take nD. tak ing辨析：首先喜欢做某事love to do sth由题意我知道不可能是小Jim喜欢带别人去看影剧院，而是被带。所以答案选Ao(3) I dont know whether you happen_, but rmgoing to study in the U S A this September.(04辽宁卷)A. to be heardB. to be heari ngC

26、. to hearD. to have heard辨析：happen to do sth ,碰巧做某事。所以很多同学容易直接选 C。但在本题中 根据题意“我准备九月份去美国”这件事发生在前。从语法上讲，用完成时态， 表示更好，因为不是我说的同时你碰巧正在做某事，而是早已经听说。(4) She prete nde_ me whe n I passed by.(NMET89)A. not to seeB. not see ingC. to not seeD. hav ing not see n(5) Do let your mother know all the truth.She appears

27、everythi ng. (0 高 考上海卷)A. to tellB. to be toldC. to be telli ngD. to have bee n told(Key: CADAD)六、后接V-ing形式动词类该类动词常考的有 appreciate, avoid, bear, consider,dislike, delay, enjoy, escape, fini sh, hate,imagi ne, keep, mind, miss, practise, postp one, resist, risk, sta nd, suggest等。这些动词须接V-ing形式作宾语。例如；I

28、dont mind waiting, but Ive got to stand in the cold wind.Have you con sidered making some n ecessary cha nges to your pla n?Only by practising speaking English every day can you expect to improve your spoke n En glish.【咼考例题】(1) I would appreciateback this after noon.A. you to callB. you callC. your

29、call ingD. youre calli ng辨析：appreciate动词后面跟v-ing作宾语，所以答案选 C。(2) While shopp ing, people sometimes cant helpinto buying someth ing theydont really need. (96 年上海卷)A. to persuadeB. persuad in gC. being persuaded D. be persuaded(3) He has always in sisted on hisDr. tur ner in stead of Mr. Turner. (92 上海

30、卷)A. bee n calledB. calledC. being calledD. hav ing called(4) I really appreciateto relax with you on this nice isla nd.A. to have had time B. having timeC. to have time D. to having time(04 年上海卷)(5) Do you mindalone at home? (94年 上海卷)A. Jane leav ingB. Jane hav ing leftC. Jan es being left D. Jane

31、to be left(6) I can hardly imagine Peteracross the Atlantic Ocean in five days.(NMET91)A. sail B. to sailC. saili ngD. to have sailed(Key: CBCBCC)七、后接不定式与V-ing形式意义不同动词类remember, try, regret, mean, forget, stop, go on, cant he等后接不定式与 V-ing 形 式作宾语，表达含义不同。见下表：动词接动名词作宾语接不定式作宾语Remember过去发生的动作 将来的动作try尝试做

32、某事努力做某事regret对做过的事表示后悔对要做的事表示遗憾mea n意味着做某事企图(打算)做某事cant help禁不住做某事不能帮助做某事go on继续做未完成的事情做完一件事后，接着做另一件事forget忘记以前曾做过某事忘记做某事stop中断正在做的事情 中断正在做的事去做别的事 例如：I remember being paid, butve forgotte n the exact amount.Please remember to send me a photo of your son the next time you write to me.I dont really me

33、an to work here, which means leaving the job soon afterwards.【咼考例题】(1) -The light in the office is still on. (NMET91)-Oh, I forgot.A. turning it offB. turn it offC. to tur n it offD. hav ing tur ned it off辨析：forgetto do sth忘记去做某事；forget ding sth忘记做过某事。而这里从所 给的信息我们可以看出灯还亮着，说明没有关，是说话人忘记关了。所以答案 选Co(2)

34、-You were brave eno ugh to raise objecti ons at the meet ing. (NMET95)-Well, now I regretthat.A. to do B. to be doing C. to have done D. hav ing done 辨析：同上题一样。Regret to do sth和regret doing sth不一样，意思有所不 同，Regret to do sth遗憾去做某事regret doing sth后悔做过某事。在这里说话 人所表达的意思是后悔那样做。(3) She cant help_ the house be

35、cause shes busy making a cake.(上海卷)A. to clea n B. clea ning C. clea ned D. being clea ned-1 usually go there by train. (NMET92)-Why notby boat for a cha nge?A. to try goingB. tryi ng to goC. to try and goD. try going(5) -Let me tell you someth ing about the journalists.-D ont you remembe_me the sto

36、ry yesterday? (99 高考上海卷)A. told B. telli ngC .to tell D. to have told(6) The library n eeds, but ril have to wait un til Sun day.A. clea ningB. be clea nedC. being clea nedD. clea n(NMET92)(7) 1n some parts of London, miss ing a busmeansfor ano ther hour. (02春上海卷)A. wait ingB. to wait C. wait D. to

37、be wait ing(8) She reached the top of the hill and stoppedon a big rock by the side of thepath. (NMET90)A. rest ing B. to have restedC. rested D. to rest(9) Go onthe other exercise after you have fini shed this one. (NMET89)A. to do B. doing C. with D. to be doing(Key: BDADB RADA)八、进行时态表将来意义动词类这类动词一

38、般为表位置移动或方向性动词，如go,come, start, arrive, take, leave,move等。例如：When are going off to for Sha nghai?Mary as well as her pare nts is leav ing for California next mon th.【咼考例题】(1) rve won a holiday for two to Florida.Imy mum. (01 春 NMET)A. am tak ingB. have take nC. takeD. will have take n辨析：在这里要用到将来时。很多同

39、学很想选D。但是在这里我门从题中可以看出说话人还没有去，是准备去，所以不能用将来完成时。而现在进行时态可 以表示将来。所以选 A o（2）-What were you doing whe n he came to see you? （8上海卷）-1 had just put on my overcoat andvisit a friend.A. leavi ng B. was left C. leftD .was leav ing（3）-What were you doing whe n Tony phoned yoi?-1 had just fini shed my work andto t

40、ake a shower. （04天 津卷）A. had startedB. startedC. have startedD. was starti ng（Key: ADD）九、主动表被动动词类英语中有些动词可用其主动形式表达被动含义，可分为以下三种情况：1 某些实义动词的主动形式后跟副词表示被动意义，这类动词有sell, wash,write, last, read, wear等。这种“动词+副词”结构，常表示事物内部特有的属 性。This kind of cloth washes well and lasts long.The pen my father gave me as a birt

41、hday gift writes smoothly.Written in simple English, this article reads easily.2 某些及物动词转为不及物动词后，其主动形式表示被动意义，如open （打开，营业），close （关门），shut （关闭），cut （切割），weigh重）,act （上演） 等。The door wont shut.This shop ope ns much earlier tha n it used to. Each stone weighs 2 tons.3.某些不及物动词，女口 happen, occur, cos以及短语，女

42、口 come out（出版），come up （出现），come into being （产生）come toon es mi nd 想起），turn out （证明是），come about （发生），break out姆发），belong to （属于）等，本身表被动含义， 所以它们常用主动形式。The first textbooks writte n for teach ing En glish as a foreig n Ian guage came out in the 18th cen tury.Sudde nly an idea came to his mind.It n eve

43、r occurred to me to pho ne you.【咼考例题】（1） The eve ning n ews comes on at seve n oclock andonly thirty minu tes. （04全国卷II）A. keepsB. con ti nuesC. fini shes D. lasts(2) -Mummy, can I put the peaches in thecupboard? (02 北京卷)-No, dear. They dontwell. Put them in the fridge in stead.A. keep B. fit C. get

44、D. last Books of this kindwell. (99 上海卷)A. sell B. sells C. are sold D .is sold(key: DAA)十、虚拟语气动词类in sist, order, comma nd, suggest, advise, propose, ask, require, request, dema nd等后接引导的宾语从句时，谓语动词须用“(should)+动词原形”。The guard at the gate in sisted that every one should obey the rules.The rule requires

45、 that every one, young or old, man or wome n, have his car checked once a year.【咼考例题】(1) -How do youwe go to Beijing for our holidays.-1 thi nk wed better fly there. Its much more comfortable. (04 福建卷)A. in sistB. want C. suppose D. suggest(2) Jan es pale face suggested that sheill, and her pare nts

46、 suggested thatshea medical exam in atio n. (94h 海卷)A. be; should have B. was; haveC. should be; had D. was; hassent to work here? (02上 海卷)A. Who do you suggestB. Who do you suggest that shouldC. Do you suggest who should D. Do you suggest whom should(Key: DBA)十一、省略替代类believe, think, suppose, guess,

47、 hope, expect, imag ine, would like/ love, be afraid 等动词用于简略回答中，后接so来替代肯定分句，用not来替代否定分句。或接to来替代前面内容相同的不定式，表 示看法、意见、设想、打算等。例如：-Do you thi nk Norma n would have lent me his car I had asked him to?-Yes, I ,th ink so.-Will you be able to come to my birthday party?-Id love to, but rm too busy. 注意：believe

48、, think, suppose, guess等用于否定回答时，既可以说 I believe (thi nk, suppose guess) n ot，也可 以说 I dont believe (think, suppose guess) so 但用 hope, expect, be afraid作否定 回答时，只能说 I hope (expect) not 以及 rm afraid not,【咼考例题】(1) -I believe weve met somewhere before.(2000 春季北京、安徽、内蒙古卷)-No,.A. it isnt the sameB. it cant b

49、e trueC. I dont thi nk soD. Id rather not辨析：在本题中，我们知道在 believe /thi nk/ expect/hope等词的简略答语中可 以用so代替上句的内容。肯定句中，用的句型是 I believe /think /hope /so;I do nbelieve /th ink /hope / so; I believe /thi nk /hope /- n ot .所以答案选 C。(2) -The boys are not doing a good job at all, are they?-. (03春北京卷)A. I guess not

50、soB. I dont guessC. I dont guess it D. I guess not(3) -Do you thi nk its going to rain over the weeke nd?-. (NMET94)A. I dont believeB. I dont believe itC. I believe not soD. I believe not(Key: CDD)十二、否定转移类think, believe, guess, suppose, imagine, expect等动词后接 that引导的宾语从句 时，从句若为否定结构，常将否定词not前移到主句中。I d

51、ont th ink it is possible to learn a foreig n Ian guage well without much memory work.He does nt thi nk Tom will make an excelle nt player.当该结构的主句主语为第一人称时，变为反意疑问句，后半句的主语和谓语简略形式应与从句保持一致，否则与主句保持一致。例如：I dont thi nk there is anything else I n eed, is there?He does nt believe he will be able to solvethe

52、problems by herself, does he?【咼考例题】(1) I dont suppose anyone will volun teer,? (01 上海卷)A. do I B. dont I C. will they D. wont they辨析：在否定前移的句子里。反意疑问要和从句中的主语保持一致，所以答案选C(2) Mrs. Black does nt believe her son is ableto design a digital camera,? （02 上海卷）A. is heB. is nt heC. does nt she D. does she（Key:

53、C D）十三、带介词t0的动词短语类这类短语有 be （get） used to, lead todevote to,look forward to, stick to, object to, get down to, there is no end tc等。当它们后面出现动词时，要用 V-ing形式。例如：rve got used to driv ing in all kinds of weather.As soon as she retur ned home from abroad, she got dow n to prepari ng supper for childre n.注意区分

54、介词to与不定式符号to aHe used to drive on the right and now he is used to driv ing on the left.（used to表“过去常常”，to为不定式符号，be used to表“习惯于” ,to为介词）Im looking forward to seeing you soon.look forward to 意思是 “盼望，期待”, to为介词。）He looked forward to see what was happe ning.（look forward意为“向前看”，to see是不定式作目的状语。）【咼考例题】（

55、1）Mr. Reed made up his mind to devote all hehad tosome schools for poor childre n. （01 上海卷）A. set upB. sett ing upC. have set up D. hav ing set up辨析：在此句中很多同学容易误选A。但答案应该是B。因为此题考固定搭配devoteto doing sth在这个短语中to是介词，所以要跟名词或则动名词。（2）The discovery of new evide nee led to. （03上海卷）A. the thief hav ing caughtB.

56、 catch the thiefC. the thief being caughtD. the thief to be caught（3）She looks forward every spri ng tothe flower-lined garden. （94 上海卷）A. visit B. paying a visit C. walkingD. walking in（Key: BCD）十四、瞬间（非延续性动词）类这类动词常考的有 go, come, leave, start, return, beg in, arrive, stop, fini sh, borrow, lend, open, close, die, become, break,