2020-2021年英语阅读理解记叙文及答案

1、2020-2021 年英语阅读理解记叙文及答案一、英语阅读理解记叙文（含答案详细解析）1阅读理解Earlier this year, China achieved a new milestone （里程碑） in space research. On January 3, 2019, Change-4 became the first lunar probe （月球探测器） in history to successfully land on the far side of the moon.The Earths gravity （重力） slows the moons rotation （自

2、转） , matching it to the speed of its orbit （公转） . Therefore, the far side of the moon is almost dark and has never been seen. Its this sense of the unknown that makes the far side of the moon such an interesting place for scientific and space research. Being blown by solar （太阳的） winds, the far side

3、may have the special minerals （矿物质） . For this reason, Change-4 will study the effect of solar winds on the lunar surface and any mineral found by the spacecraft. Change-4 is also carrying flower seeds, potatoes and silkworm eggs to see whether life is possible on the moon. If it is, then the moon w

4、ill become a possible choice for space travel in the future.However, research of the dark side isnt easy. As the far side is blocked（阻断）off from us,radio noise coming off Earth is also blocked. This is why Chinas relay satellite （中继卫星）Queqiao was sent up in May, 2018. Thanks to Queqiao, the communic

5、ation problem between Earth and Change-4 has been well solved.Power supply （电源供应） is also a challenge to the task. Change-4 gets energy from the sun through its solar panels. As we know, a lunar day has the length （长度） of 28 Earth days. After Change-4 was sent up on December 8, 2018, it took the pro

6、be over 20 days to orbit the moon to be in a position to be able to land in moon daylight and use its solar panels.Luckily, everything goes well, Change-4 has worked on the dark side for over 5 months. It has sent back many photos of the far side of the moon and has been used to carry out some scien

7、tific experiments.The New York Times used the word groundbreaking to praise the task and wrote that it will offer help to the history and development of the moon.（ 1） When was Change-4 sent up?A. In May, 2018.B. On December 8, 2018.C. On January 3, 2019.D. The passage doesnt tell us.（ 2） The main ta

8、sks of Change-4 dont include _.（ 3） The meaning of the underlined word groundbreaking in the last paragraph is the closestto _.A. harmfulB. unpredictableC. riskyD. pioneering（ 4） According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?A. Change-4 has sent back many photos of the far

9、side of the moon.B. A lunar day has the length of 28 Earth days.C. Chinas relay satellite Queqiao was sent up in order to offer power supply to probes.D. Change-4 is the first lunar probe in history that has successfully landed on the dark side of the moon.【答案】 （ 1） B（ 2） C（ 3） D（ 4） C【解析】 【分析】文章大意：

10、文章介绍了中国的嫦娥四号月球探测器，为我们讲述了嫦娥四号升空时间，什么时候在月球背面着陆，如何跟地球进行通讯联系等等。（ 1）细节理解题，根据After Change-4 was sent up on December 8,可知，嫦娥四号是在 2018 年 12 月 8 号发射升空的，故答案是B。（ 2）细节理解题，根据For this reason, Change-4 will study the effect of solar winds onthe lunarsurfaceand any mineralfoundby the spacecraft.Change-4is alsocarry

11、ingflower seeds, potatoes and silkworm eggs to see whether life is possible on the moon.可知，嫦娥四号的人物包括研究月球表面的太阳风的影响，寻找矿物质，携带花种、土豆和蚕卵看，他们是否恩能够在月球成活，不包括解决地球与月球的通讯问题，故答案是C。（ 3）细节理解题， groundbreaking 的一是是开创性的， A.有伤害的； B.难以预料的； C.冒险的， D 先锋，故答案是 D。（ 4）正误判断题，根据 Thanks to Queqiao, the communication problem bet

12、weenEarthand Change-4 has been well solved.可知鹊桥中继卫星的发射是微利解决通讯问题， 故答案是 C。【点评】考查阅读理解，本文涉及到了细节理解题和正误判断题，细节理解题一般可知直接在文中找到答案，正误判断题也是细节理解题的一种，也是基于短文内容进行判断的。2阅读材料，然后从各小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。Tony, a nine-year-old kid, is sitting at his desk when suddenly he wets （尿湿） his pants. He thinks his heart is going to sto

13、p because he cant possibly know how this has happened. It has never happened before. He knows the after-effect （后果） When the boys find out, he will never hear the end of it. When the girls find out, theyll never speak to him again as long as helives.Tony puts his head down and say to himself, Oh, no

14、. What can I do? I need help now!He looks up and notices the teacher coming, with a look in her eyes that says he has been discovered.As the teacher is walking to him, a classmate named Emily is carrying a glass that is full of water. Emily falls down in front of the teacher and drops the glass of w

15、ater in Tonys pants. Tony seems to be angry, but all the while he is saying to himself, Thank you, dear! Thank you, dear!Now all of a sudden, instead of being the person that everyone laughs at, Tony is the person of sympathy （同情） . The person that everyone laughs at should be him, but now it is Emi

16、ly.She tries to help, but they tell her, Youve done enough, you stupid!At the end of the day, as they were waiting for the bus, Tony walks over to Emily and says in a low voice, You did that on purpose, didnt you ?Emily says back in a quiet voice, I wet my pants, too.（ 1） What does Tony think the ot

17、her boys will do if they find out the fact?A. Theyll all laugh at him.B. Theyll tell the teacher about it.C. Theyll try to help him.D. Theyll never speak to him again.（ 2） Which is right according to the passage?A. Emily drops the water on purpose.B. Tony is really angry with Emily.C. Tony and Emily

18、 dont go home by bus.D. Tony and Emily arent classmates.（ 3） We know that Emily is a_ girl from the passage?A. careless and lazyB. quiet and brightC. stupid and helplessD. kind and smart.【答案】 （ 1） A（2） A（3） D【解析】 【分析】文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。一个叫Tony 的小男孩不小心尿湿裤子后生怕被人发现，正在他陷入痛苦需要得到帮助时，正好同班同学Emily拿着一杯水走来，故意把水撒在To

19、ny 身上，使Tony 免于被同学们嘲笑，从而化解了危机。（ 1）细节理解题。根据第一段第五句 When the boys find out, he will never hear the end ofit ，以及第五段第一句 Now all of a sudden, instead of being the person that everyone laughsat, 可知这些男孩们会嘲笑他。故选A。（ 2）根据文章倒数第二段You did that on purpose, didn tyou? 和最后一段的 I wetmypants once, too. ,可知 Emily 是故意撒的水。

20、可知选项 A，符合文字内容，故选 A；根据第四段最后句 Tony seems to be angry, but all the while he is saying to himself, Thank you, dear!Thank you,爱的！ ”可知dear! 托尼似乎很生气，但他一直在自言自语：“谢谢你，亲爱的！谢谢你，亲Tony 不是正的生气。选项B 不符合文章内容，故排除B；根据倒数第二段第一句At the end of the day, as they were waiting for the bus,可知他们他们在等公共汽车，推知他们是乘坐公共汽车回家，选项C 不符合文章内容，

21、故排除C；根据第四段第二句Emilyfalls down in front of the teacher and drops the glass of water in Tonys pants. 可以推知他们是同班同学。选项 D 不符合文章内容，故排除 D。综上所述，故选 A。（ 3）推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句Tony seems to be angry, but all the while he is sayingto himself, Thank you, dear! Thank you , dear!，可知是Emily急中生智才化解了Tony 的尷尬处境，由此看出Emily是个善良又

22、聪明的孩子，故选D。【点评】考查阅读理解。要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。3阅读材料，从每题所给的A、B、 C、 D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。The year was 1859. America and England had already fought two wars. Now, they were at peace. But one day a pig got hungry. And it nearly caused a

23、nother war between the two countries.The pig was owned by a British man who lived on a small island. The island was just off the western part of North America. Both England and the US said the island was theirs. Across the island from the British man lived some American farmers. Everyone on the isla

24、nd got along peacefully. But the peace ended the day the British mans pig decided to eat some of an American farmers potatoes.One of the American farmers shot and killed the pig. Then the pigs owner wanted $100 fromthe man who shot the animal. That was a lot of money, so the farmer refused to pay it

25、. The British and Americans began to argue, and the situation got worse. The farmers asked the governor over the island at that time for help. He sent a group of soldiers to protect the farmers.The British answered by sending 2, 000 soldiers. The British were on one side of the island, and the Ameri

26、cans were on the other. The problem that began with the pig was about to become a shooting war.When news of the problem reached Washington and London, both leaders were surprised. Neither country wanted another war. They sent some men to try to fix the problem. After a discussion, it was decided tha

27、t each country would keep a small group of soldiers on the island.They would stay there until the two countries could decide who owned the island. Then the others would have to leave.Twelve years went by. Neither side wanted to give u the island, but they knew they had to do something. They asked th

28、e leader of Germany to help decide. After nearly a year of discussion, a decision was made. America would get the island.Finally, the Pig War was over and only one shot was fired. That was the shot that killed the pig!（ 1） What caused the problem on the island according to the passage?（ 2） The under

29、lined word they in Paragraph 4 refers to _.A. the farmersB. the leadersC. the soldiersD. the Germans（ 3） According to the passage, the real purpose of the two countries was _.A. to own an islandB. to kill a pigC. to get more moneyD. to start a war（ 4） Which of the following might be the best title f

30、or the passage?A. The Pig IslandB. The Pig WarC. The Pig on the IslandD. The Island War【答案】 （ 1） D（ 2） C（ 3） A（ 4） B【解析】 【分析】文章大意：英美两国因一头英国人饲养的猪吃了美国人种植的土豆引起的争端，其实他们最终的目的就是争夺小岛的所有权，（ 1）细节理解题。根据文中的语句But the peace ended the day the British mans pigdecided to eat some of an American farmers potatoes.理解可

31、知，这场战争的主要起因就是英国人的猪吃了美国人的土豆，故选D。（ 2）细节理解题。根据文中的语句 After a discussion, it was decided that each country would keep a small group of soldiers on the island. They would stay there until the two countries coulddecide who owned the island.理解可知，经过讨论，决定每个国家在岛上保留一小队士兵。他们将一直呆在那里，直到两国决定谁拥有这个岛。they 指代的就是士兵，故选C。

32、（ 3）细节理解题。根据文中的语句 Twelve years went by. Neither side wanted to give u the island, but they knew they had to do something. They asked the leader of Germany to helpdecide. After nearly a year of discussion, a decision was made. America would get the island.理解可知，英美两国的最终目的就是争夺小岛的所有权，故选A。（ 4）标题推断题。通读全文可知

33、，英美的争议是因一头猪吃了土豆引起的，其实他们最终的目的就是争夺小岛的所有权，故选B。【点评】考阅读理解。本题主要涉及细节理解题和主旨大意题。细节理解题可以直接从文中找到答案，而主旨大意题需要认真阅读仔细理解，归纳出中心思想。4阅读材料，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。A British man has learned the skills needed to perform Beijing Opera, making the audience （观众） enjoy his lively performance of the Monkey King.Ghaffar Pourazar

34、, born in Iran, said he has been a big fan of Bruce Lee since he was a child andis full of interest about China. In 1993, he happened to watch Beijing Opera performed in Londonby professionals from Jingju Theatre Company of Beijing. Ghaffar said he fell in love with thebeautiful voices, colorful cos

35、tumes, excellent shows and so on. So after one year, he arrived inChina alone and became a student of Beijing Opera at a Beijing school.At the age of 32, he had to learn with teenage students every day, starting from the most basic training of the legs and waist. At the time, he was mostly troubled

36、by the dialogue in Beijing Opera. To him, it was the biggest obstacle. But he never gave up.Four years later, he began to learn to perform the Monkey King, a traditional character from the Chinese classic story Journey to the West . He said he arrived in the workroom an hour earlier than other perfo

37、rmers and also bought books and CDs to better understand the character.Ghaffar today is not only good a speaking Beijing dialect （方言） but has also built a fame for Beijing Opera. He once got a top international prize for performing the Monkey King.To help more people enjoy Beijing Opera, Ghaffar oft

38、en teaches the traditional art form in schools in the United States, Britain and other countries. When he found that the language wasdifficult to understand, he started to translate Beijing Opera song lyrics. Ghaffar led a group of actors to perform 66 times in a month and a half in the United State

39、s. He also led a 48-member team to perform in Malaysia. In the past 10 years, he has performed in more than 400 shows.（ 1） In the year of 1994, Ghaffar began to _.A. make friends with Bruce LeeB. take an interest in ChinaC. learn Beijing Opera in BeijingD. act the part of the Monkey King（ 2） The und

40、erlined word obstacle in Paragraph 3 probably means _.A. chanceB. problemC. topicD. dream（ 3） It can be inferred from the passage that Ghaffar _.（ 4） The passage is most probably from the part of _ in a newspaper.A. sportsB. businessC. cultureD. education【答案】 （ 1） C（ 2） B（ 3） A（ 4） C【解析】 【分析】文章大意：本文

41、主要叙述出生在伊朗的英国人加法尔。他从小就是李小龙的忠实粉丝，对中国充满兴趣，他爱上了美丽的声音、多彩的服装、精彩的演出等等。开始学习京剧的过程。今天的加法尔不仅是一个讲北京话的好地方，而且还因京剧而出名。他曾因表演猴王获得国际最高奖项。为了帮助更多的人欣赏京剧，加法尔经常在美国、英国和其他国家的学校教授传统的艺术形式。当他发现这门语言很难理解时，他开始翻译京剧歌词。（ 1）细节理解题。根据 after one year, he arrived in China alone and became a student ofBeijing Opera at a Beijing school. 一年

42、后，他独自来到中国，在北京的一所学校学习京剧。可知 1994 年在北京学习京剧，故选 C。（ 2）词义猜测题。根据 At the time, he was mostly troubled by the dialogue in Beijing Opera.当时，他主要为京剧的对白所困扰。可知对外国人来说对白是最大的问题。A：chance 机会； B： problem 问题； C： topic 题目； D： dream 梦想。故选B。（ 3）推理判断题。根据 Ghaffar today is not only good a speaking Beijing dialect but has also

43、 built a fame for Beijing Opera. He once got a top international prize for performing the MonkeyKing.今天的加法尔不仅是一个讲北京话的好地方，而且还因京剧而出名。他曾因表演猴王获得国际最高奖项。可以推知他在京剧方面是成功的，故选A。（ 4）文章出处题。本文主要介绍加法尔他爱上了美丽的声音、多彩的服装、精彩的演出等等。开始学习京剧的过程并因京剧而出名。他曾因表演猴王获得国际最高奖项。可以推知文章来自于报纸上的中国文化的一部分，故选C。【点评】考查阅读理解。要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题

44、目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。5阅读理解A couple of sparrows （麻雀） lived happily in a huge tree in a jungle. The female sparrow had laid her eggs and they were expecting their babies soon.One day, an elephant was unable to tolerate the heat of the summer su

45、n. He destroyed all trees, including the tree where the sparrows lived.The sparrows managed to escape by flying away, but they lost their babies. The eggs fell down to the ground and broke into pieces. They cried loudly and decided to kill the elephant.They asked their friends, a woodpecker and a fl

46、y for help. The fly took them to meet one of his friends, an old frog. The frog was wise and he came up with a good plan soon.The frog explained, Fly! Your task is to buzz in the elephants ears in order to make him sleepy. The woodpeckers task is to hurt his eyes and make him blind. In this hot summ

47、er days, he will certainly search for water. I will sit by the nearby pit （深坑） and shout at the top of my voice.He continued, When the thirsty elephant hears me, he will think there is a pond or lake nearby and follow my voice. And when he does so, he will fall into the pit and die.The others agreed

48、 to the frogs plan. Everyone did their tasks perfectly. Finally, the elephant fell into the pit and died.（ 1） The underlined word tolerate means_.A. protectB. standC. mindD. encourage（ 2） Why did the sparrows want to kill the elephant? A. Because the elephant destroyed all trees.B. Because the eleph

49、ant killed some small animals.C. Because the elephants behavior made them lose their babies. D. Because the elephant wanted to own their tree.（ 3） In what order did the following events take place?a. The frog shouted by the pit.b. The fly buzzed in the elephants ears.C. The elephant fell into the pi

50、t and died.d. The elephant wanted to search for water.e. The woodpecker made the elephant blind.A. e-b-d-a-cB. b-e-d-a-cC. e-b-a-d-cD. b-e-a-d-c（ 4） What can we learn from the passage?A. A friend is easier lost than found.B. A good beginning is half done.C. Fact speaks louder than words.D. Many hand

51、s make light work.（ 5） Whats the best title for the passage?A. A Perfect PlanB. A Poor ElephantC. Good FriendsD. Wise Sparrows【答案】 （ 1） B（ 2） C（ 3） B（ 4） D（ 5） A【解析】 【分析】文章大意：本文讲的是几个弱小的动物齐心协力杀死大象的故事。两只麻雀因为大象的鲁养行为失去了孩子。他们向啄木鸟和苍蝇求助，苍蝇带他们去见一只青蛙。青蛙想出了一个需要他们共同实施的完美计划，他们成功杀死了那头大象。（ 1）词义猜测题。结合上下文One day, a

52、n elephant was unable to tolerate the heat of thesummer sun. He destroyed all trees, including the tree where the sparrows lived.天气很热，大象无法“忍受 ”这种热，就毁坏了所有的树，包括麻雀住的那棵，的描述可知，tolerate的含义是 “忍受；容忍 ”，和stand同义，故答案为B。（ 2）细节理解题。根据本段中的“ but theylost theirbabies以”及 “ Theycried loudlyanddecided to kill the eleph

53、ant. 可知麻雀想杀大象的原因是大象间接杀害了他们的孩子，故答案为 C。（ 3）推理判断题。通读这五六两段可知，事件发生的顺序是：苍蝇在大象的耳朵边嗡嗡叫 啄木鸟啄瞎大象的眼睛 大象想找水 青蛙在深坑边大叫 大象掉进深坑里死了，故答案为 B。（ 4）推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文讲述几个弱小的动物齐心协力杀死大象的故事，阐述的道理是 “众人拾柴火焰高 ”，故答案为 D。（ 5）主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文讲的是麻雀、啄木鸟、苍蝇和青蛙共同实施的一个杀死大象的完美计划，故答案为A。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题，词义推断题，推理判断题和主旨题等常考题型，细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找

54、答案；主旨题，词义推断题以及判断题都需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出正确选项。6阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、 C和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Blue LightningSally loved cars more than anything else. This spring she thought of building a go-kart to enter for the Go-Go Race. So she asked her dad for help.Well, he said. How about this: you do some research first and then come back to me with a design.A week later, Sally brought her notes and drawings to Dad. She named her go-kart Blue Lightning. Dad looked over her work, thinking. Well, thats interesting, he said. Have a try. Jus