高频动词用法详解.doc

1、高频动词用法详解1.askA.问 1) vt. May I ask you a question? I have something to ask you. Jack asked me how to start the machine. She asked what time it was.2) vi. I asked only out of curiosity. Tom went to ask about the train. If you dont understand, ask.B.要求；请求；征求 vt. Im going to the workers to ask their adv

2、ice. He asked Joe to get in touch with them. He was asked to see them off.C.邀请 vt. They asked us over their dinner. They often ask him out to sea.D.习语 ask about询问、打听 ask after问候 ask for请求、找某人、要求 ask sth. of sb. 向某人问2.break vt. A. 打破、打碎、打断 Who broke the window into pieces? He fell and broke his leg.

3、Try not to break the silence. B.违反 He often breaks his promise/his word/ the law/ the rule. C.习语break away突然离开break away from sb.脱离、离开、背弃break down 中断、粉碎、发生故障、（身体）跨了、（机器）坏了break forth迸发、爆发、发泄break in闯进、打断break in on sb.打断某人的谈话break into闯入、侵占breakinto pieces打碎break off折断、突然中断breakopen 撬开break out爆发br

4、eak through突破breakup开垦、破碎、解散、分解break with sb.与某人断交break sbs heart使某人心碎3.bring A. vt. 带来、拿来（由远而近） Bring me the paper, please. He forgot to bring his umbrella. May I bring her to see you? Shall I bring the books upstairs? After we were seated, she brought out dishes.B.习语 bringabout造成、导致 bring down打落（飞

5、机、禽鸟等）、降低（物价、温度等） bring forward提出 bringin引进、介绍、收获 bringinto being实现、使产生 bringinto effect/practice实行、贯彻 bringout出版、发表 bringto an end/ a stop/ a close使终止、结束 bring to mind使想起、回忆起 bringtogether集合；召集 bringup养育、呕吐 bringto victory使走向胜利 bringto safety带到安全地带4.catchA. vt. 抓住、逮住、挂住The nail caught my coat. He c

6、aught my hand and held it tightly. We caught ten monkeys in all. 但是 vi. 挂住 His coat caught on a nail. The kite caught in a tree.B.赶上、搭上 Well hurry and catch the 10:30 bus.C.听懂 Pease repeat it. I didnt quite catch you. Do you catch my meaning?D.染上 He caught a bad flu.E.（出其不意地）撞上、碰上 She caught him smo

7、king. Some boys were caught stealing flowers from the garden.F. 给撞上、碰上 The ship was caught in a hurricane. One night we were caught in a thunderstorm. Hurry up and dont get caught in a storm.G.习语catch at sth. 想抓住、设法抓住catch sb. by surprise出其不意抓住catch/get/seize/take hold of（突然）抓住、抓牢catch sbs attention

8、/eye吸引某人注意catch sight of看到、发现catch the point of抓住的要点catch up赶上catch up with赶上 5doA. aux. v.(1) 帮助构成一般过去时或一般现在时的疑问或否定式 They do not believe it. When id they arrive there? (2) 用在肯定句和祈使句中加强语气 I do miss you, Mum. She does sing well. Do be on time. So she did come after all. (3) 用来表示前边提到的动作（以免重复） -May I c

9、ome round in the evening? -Yes, please do. I knew he would help us, and he did. (4) 用于某些倒装句中 Only then did I realize he had been wrong. Never did he know anything about it.B. 做 vt. Can I do anything for you? We often do our homework together. The glass is broken. who did it? We did some reading last

10、 night. She did most of the talking.C. vi. (1) 表示生活、学习等情况How do you do?They did very well in English but badly in maths.How did you do in the exam? How are you doing?(2) 行了、够了、可以On e piece of bread will do.Talking with your mouth full wont do.(3) 做、办 Do as you are told to.When in Rome, do as the Rom

11、ans do.Let her do as she likes.D.习语dowith处理 What have you done with my bike?can do with将就用 I can do with the old bed.do something about对采取措施do sb. a favor=do a favor for sb.帮某人个忙do away with废除、破除、去掉do sb. good/harm/wrong= do good/harm/wrong to sb. 对某人有益/有害/冤枉某人do ones best/ bit/part=do everything/al

12、l/what one can尽力do up包扎、扣（纽扣）do without没有也行、不需要have something to do with与有关do right/wrong做得对/做错了6.expect1. vt. 期待、预料、等待Its what weve expected.Is this the letter you have been expecting?We expect to finish the work by Friday. I expect that they will drop in. I expect you to make more progress. -Will

13、he be back tonight? -I expect so. You arrived earlier than we had expected.2.习语 as (is/ was/ has been) expected不出所料 They came late again, as was expected. expect too much of sb.对某人期待过高7.feel感觉、觉得A. (1) vt Do you feel any pain when I press here? Facing this situation, they felt both joy and fear. (2)

14、 link v. I dont feel very well today. The busier he is, the happier he feels. The desk feels smooth. (3) vt. 接复合宾语 I felt someone go upstairs. I felt a great weight taken off my mind after the exam. She felt their eyes watching her when she came to the stage. She felt herself (to be) right. I felt i

15、t my duty to help you. He felt it necessary to talk about his own shortcomings. (4) vt. 宾语从句 He felt strongly that we should take some action about the bad practice.B. vt. 摸 He felt the pot and it felt very hot.C.习语feel like doing sth.想要feel ones way摸索前进feel sbs pulse切脉feel as if/ as though感觉似乎 She

16、felt as if she were a member of the family.feel quite oneself 觉得身体很好8.findA. vt. (1) 发现 I found a wallet on the street corner yesterday. He found her in danger.=He found that she was in danger. I found him (to be) a tough guy.=I found that he was a tough guy.This method was found to be practical.=It

17、 was found that the method was practical. I find it interesting to read these stories.= I find that it is interesting to =read these stories. I found a dog killed in the park.= I found that a dog had been killed in the park. I found a man breaking into a warehouse.= I found that a man was breaking i

18、nto a warehouse.(2) 找到 Have you found the book you have been looking for?B.习语findout查清楚；弄明白；了解；打听find ones way to sp.设法赶到；进入 They found their way to the front of the crowd. The news found its way to a lot of people.find fault with sb. 对某人吹毛求疵；挑剔find oneself发现自己、不自觉地 They found themselves in a diffic

19、ult situation. Then I found myself surrounded by some boys. He found himself walking in the direction to the park.他发现自己不知不觉地在往公园的方向走。9.getA. vt.得到、弄来 Where did you get these good ideas? Let me go get the doctor. Will you get me a ticket?=Will you get a ticket for me? He got a poor wage. Lets get som

20、ething to eat.B.习语get about（消息）传开 A rumor(谣传) got around that Fu Biao was ill in hospital.getacross讲清楚;渡过 I wonder how to get my new ideas across.get ahead of领先get along进展、过活、相处get away逃掉get away from避免、摆脱、离开get back回来getback收回、找回get behind落后get down记下来get down to (business/ work/ studies)认真做get to

21、know/ realize/love/like逐渐地了解/爱上get in进来getin收进来、请来get off起飞、下车、出发getoff脱下get on上车/船/飞机等；继续进行；相处getout拔出、洗掉、出版get out传出 News got out that you were leaving.get over克服、摆脱get rid of消灭、摆脱、除掉get round绕过、回避get somewhere有结果/成就get through做完、结束；看完、用完get together聚会、联欢get up起床、举办 The students are going to get u

22、p a concert on May Day.have got=have有have got to=have to不得不10.give vt. 给 Who is going to give the talk? He was given a good beating last night.习语giveaway泄露、送掉、分配giveback归还、报复give.forth发出；发表give in屈服、让步givein交上give in to sb./ sth.屈服于；对让步giveoff放出、发出（光、热、气味等）give oneself up to doing sth. 献身于、专心于give u

23、p放弃、投降giveup停止、戒掉give way to sb.让步；让位于 As winter gave way to spring, days were getting longer.given that假定；已知give sb. a hand帮某人忙give rise to导致11.go A. vi. 走 He has gone back home a newspaper. Pride goes before a fall.B. link v. He went hungry for a week. His face went pale when he heard the news. Th

24、is guy went wild/ crazy/ mad after the loss of his wife. Dont ever eat the bread. It has gone bad.C.习语go after设法得到；追求go along向前发展 Well learn as we go along.go back on ones word/ promise失信go back to追溯到 This custom goes back to Roman times.go beyond超过go down下落；减弱 go up增长；提高go into研究；从事go off爆炸；（电、水等）停

25、掉go ahead继续进行；去做吧go all out全力以赴go and do sth.= go to do sth.go down on ones knees跪下go in for喜爱；从事go on发生；持续go on to do sth.接着做（另一件事情）go on doing sth.继续做（同一件事情）go on with sth. .继续做（同一件事情，可以有间隔）go out熄灭；过时go over sth.浏览；复习；审阅go through经历；检查；go shopping/ fishing/ skiing/ skating/ begging/ boating/ swim

26、ming/ fox hunting/ sightseeing/ mountain climbinggo from bad to worse每况愈下go from door to doorbe gone丢了；走了；一去不复返 Gone are the days when we studied together happily.have a go试一下go out of ones way to do sth. 不辞辛劳去做.go to hell见鬼去吧go to sleep睡着go through with.把.进行到底go well with与相配/协调go without不吃/用过日子 Som

27、etimes they went for days without washing their faces.12.have句型1 have sb./ sth. do sth. Lets have them stand facing the wall.句型2 have sb./ sth. doing We had the fire burning all night.I wont have you talking to your dad like that!句型3 have sb./ sth. done I will have my radio fixed. He had his wallet

28、stolen.句型4 have sth. to do I have a letter to write.句型5 have to do sth. I have to get up early every day.习语与动词同行的名词连用，表示动作：have a talk withhave a look/ glance/ glimpse at have a meeting/ discussion/ operation/ haircuthave an English lesson have a swim/ wash/ rest/ try/ smoke/ taste/ dream/ walkhave

29、a cold/ cough/ headache/ pain have lunch/ some beerhave a good/pleasant/ tough/ bad/ hard/ difficult terrible time They had a hard time solving the problem.have fun=have a good time/enjoy oneselfhave a word/ a few words with sb.与谈话have words with sb.与吵架have something/ nothing/ a lot to do withhave s

30、th. on穿着（状态）had better (not) do sth.最好；不得不（迫于客观原因）have something with sb.随身携带have a baby生小孩have a test/ talk/ speech/ lecture/ chathave had enough of厌倦have sth. back要回have ones own way按照自己的意思办；我行我素have sth. to oneself完全由自己使用 You can have the house entirely to yourself.13.helpA. vt. 帮助 They did every

31、thing they could to help us with our lessons. This medicine will help you (to) get better. She helped (to) sweep the floor.B. vi. 有帮助；有用；好用 This medicine wont help. Thinking will help.C.习语help sb. with sth. 帮助做help sb. out of trouble帮助某人脱离困境cant help doing sth.禁不住cannot help/ choose but do sth.只好hel

32、p sb. out帮助结局难题； 帮助摆脱困境；救出turn to sb. for help求助于be of help有帮助；有用14.holdA. vt.拿着；握着 Holding my hand, he tried to calmed me down. Hold the line, please.容纳 How much water can the tank hold?拥有；占有 He held the position for years.举行 Chinese film weeks will be held in other places.B.习语holdback阻碍；忍住；保留holdd

33、own 控制； 镇压holdforth提出；holdin memory 记住hold on坚持下去；（电话）别挂hold on to抓住不放hold out坚持到底；维持；伸出 We must hold out, and the enemy will give up. They were ready to hold out a friendly hand.hold to sth.紧紧抓住；坚持（路线、道路、看法等）holdtogether合在（一起）；团结（在一起）holdup举起；耽搁；耽误 The storm held us up, so we were late for the meet

34、ing. Their wages were help up or reduced for no reason.15.keepA. vt. (1)保留 Ill keep a seat for you. (2)养活；饲养 He has a large family to keep. He keeps some chicken. (3)使处在状态 Sorry to have kept you waiting. Lets keep the door open but keep the windows closed. You must keep us well informed. Mr. Xue alw

35、ays keeps us busy. Close the door to keep the cold out. Lets keep the room in order.B. link v. 保持 We must keep fit.=We must keep in good health. Keep calm in time of danger.C.习语keep a record of登记；记录keep a secret保密keep watch注意；提防keep ones promise/word履行诺言keep the law/rule遵守法律/法规keepapart使分离keep away不

36、接近；避开keepback扣下；阻止；留下；忍住（眼泪等）keep birthday/ Christmas庆祝生日/圣诞等keep body and soul together维持生活keepdown控制；缩减keep sb. doing sth. 使.坚持做keep silence保持安静；保持沉默keep sth. to oneself把据为己有keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止；使免于；抑制keep hold of抓住不放keep in mind记住keep doing sth. 继续做；不断地做keep on doing sth. 不停地做;反复地做keepout不

37、许.入内keep out of不参与keep sb. company与某人做伴； 陪伴某人keep to sth.坚持；固守（习惯等）keepunder control使得以控制keep in touch with与保持联系keep up坚持；继续keep up with跟上keep watch守望；站岗16.knowA. vt.(1)知道 I have known him since childhood.(2)懂得 Do you know Japanese?B.习语be known as通称为；以著称；被认为是be known for因而出名be known to sb.为某人所了解beco

38、me well known出名for all/anything/ everything I know 据我所知It is well known that众所周知know about/ of了解；知道knowfor certain确实知道know sb. by name仅知道某人的名字（不认识）know sb. by sight与某人面熟（不熟悉）know/learn by heart背诵makeknown/public公告；发表；表示know/ tell right from wrong辨别是非know no limits是无限的 A mans life is limited, but ser

39、vice to the people knows no limits.17.leaveA. vi.离开；离去When are you leaving? He left in a hurry without telling anyone.B. vt.(1)留下 She asked us to leave our address. (2)使处在某种状态 Sorry to have left some questions unanswered. He left the window open. She left the baby crying bitterly. The illness left h

40、im rather weak. (3)剩下 We have only three months left.C.习语leaveabout乱放leavealone放任不管leavebehind留下；遗下leave A for B离开A去Bleave hold of放弃；松手leave nothing to be desired尽善尽美leave off停止leave out省去；遗漏leaveover留下；剩下leave room for留下余地18.letA. vt.让 She doesnt let her child play with fire.B.用于祈使句 Lets go to the

41、Summer Palace, shall we? Let Peter do the job, will you?C.习语letalone不干涉；听之任之；更不必说 the baby cant even walk, let alone run.letbe不干涉；听之任之letdown使失望;放下 I wont let myself down!letgo释放；松手 Let go of me!letin放进来letoff放（炮、烟花、枪等）letout泄漏；放掉（水、气等）；释放letpass放过；不追究；宽恕19.lookA. vi. 看 He looked happily at his grea

42、t grandchildren playing about him.B. link v.看起来 He looks cheerful and carefree.C.习语have/take a look a看一看have a look of好像；仿佛look about四下环顾look about for四下寻找look after照看；目送look ahead考虑未来；预做准备look as if似乎；好象look at看look away from转移目光look back回头看look back on/ upon回忆；回顾look down on/ upon俯视；蔑视look for寻找lo

43、ok forward to doing sth. 期待；展望look in（随便）看望 He looked in on Mr. Smith on his way to work. He went to look in at the fish farm.look into窥视；调查look like看起来像look on旁观look on A as B 认为A是Blook out向外看； 注意；警戒look out for提防look over审阅； 翻阅look through透过看去; 彻底调查；从头看到底look up to sb. 尊敬/仰望某人look up仰视；胸怀大志look st

44、h. up查阅look sb. in the eye/ face直视某人20.makeA. vt.(1)做；制造 Cell phones are made in this factory.(2)和表示动作的名词连用，表示动作或活动 make a study of= study make use of= use make an examination of= examine make an explanation of= explain make a fool of=fool make fun ofmake repairsmake a suggestion= suggest make an at

45、tempt= attempt make an answer= answer make a decision=decide make preparations for=prepare for make a guess at=guess make a speech make arrangements(3)使（做）；使（成为） He made us work day and night. We were made to work day and night. Praise make good men better and bad men worse. We made you our monitor.

46、 What made you so frightened? This machine makes it possible for us to finish the work in a short time. He made it a rule to get up at six every morning.(规定)(4)有条件成为 She will make a good housewife. Cold tea makes an excellent drink in summer.B.习语be made from由原料制成 be made of由材料制成 be made out of由制成 be

47、 made up of由所组成 be made into被制成 be made to do sth. 被迫去做make for=head for =make towards走向；冲向make oneself understood/heard使自己被理解/听到makeout理解；看清楚；辨认makeup弥补；补偿；起草；捏造；化装；构成，占；言归于好，和解make a living谋生make bed铺床makeclear表明；说明make ends meet应付开支；维持生活；使收支相抵make friends with与交朋友make ones way to sp.向走去make room/

48、 way for为让路make sure/certain一定要；保证做到；核实 Make sure that you get there in time. We must make certain they will come in time.make the best/most of尽量利用；充分利用make up ones mind决心；决定to make a long story short长话短说make sb.s hair stand on end使毛骨悚然make a fire生火21.preferA. 更喜欢；宁愿 vt. He preferred apples to banan

49、as. I prefer to go by air. Which do you prefer, rice or bread? I would prefer she do it in another way.(虚拟语气)B.习语 prefer doing A to (doing) B 宁愿做A，不愿做B I prefer watching a football game to playing football. =I would rather watch a football game than play football.prefer to do A rather than (do) B 宁愿

50、做A，不愿做B Liu Hulan preferred to die rather than give in to the enemies.22.putA. vt. 放 He put the book where he found it.B.习语putacross清楚地表达put an end/a stop to sth.结束；消灭putaside把放在一边；抛弃；积蓄putaway把收起来；储存备用；putback把放回原处；拨回（钟表的指针等）putdown放下；镇压；记下；削减putforth发表；提出putforward提出；建议；拨快（钟表的指针等）putin插话；伸进putoff推

51、迟；延期；脱（衣服等）puton穿上；增加（体重等）；上演putout放出；熄灭；出版；生产putright改正（错误）；整理；治愈put sb. at ease使某人放心、安心、宽心put through完成；put A through to B把A接通B（电话）puttogether合计；装配（机器等）；把放在一起putup举起；挂起；搭起；上演；陈列；张贴put up with忍受putinto practice把应用到实践中去put sb. to bed打发睡觉put sth. to/into use使得以应用putinto English把翻译成英语put in a word for

52、 sb.为某人进言put sb. in charge使某人负责put sth. in order使井井有条put on airs摆架子put sb. to death/test处死/考验23.runA. vi. (1)跑 They came running to meet us. (2)行驶 The train was running at 80 miles an hour. (3)流 All the rivers will run into the sea. We mustnt let the water run to waste. His nose is running all day b

53、ecause he has a bad cold.B. vt. 管理；经营 They have run six factories. He runs the school well.C. link v. 变得 The river began to run dry. Our food supply is running low.His blood ran cold at the news. Their money is running short.The garden was running wild.D.习语run a fever发高烧run after sb./ sth.追求run away逃跑run for竞选run into邂逅；偶遇run on滔滔不绝往下说run out（某物）用完run out of用完（某物）run short（某物）短缺run short of短缺（某物）run up to合计为；高达run a risk冒险run across邂逅；偶遇run ahead of领先于run away with带而逃走run against邂逅；偶遇；违反run at袭击；冲向run over溢出； run over.过目；浏览run smooth进展顺利run through花光；用尽；略谈run up迅速成长；（物价）上涨r