外研小学起点版八年级上册英语语法复习课件（共42张PPT）2

1、八年级上册语法复习,1、一般过去时态 2、现在完成时态 3、过去进行时态 4、反意疑问句 5、动词不定式,课时：3个标准课,一般过去时,规则动词过去式 的构成规则,用法,各种句式结构,时间状语,要求：四人小组分工合作完成！,行为动词的一般过去时,过去式的构成规则,“直”,一般情况下在动词原形后直接加-ed. 如：wantwanted,“去”,以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，去掉e再加-ed.如：hopehoped,“双”,重读闭音节单词需双写最后一个辅音字母 再加-ed.如：stopstopped,“改”,以辅音字母+y结尾的动词改y为i，再加-ed.如：studystudied,注意：不规则动词

2、变化，要逐一熟记。,2实义动词过去式的句式。 肯定式：主语+动词过去式+其它。 如：They had a good time yesterday. 否定式：主语+did not（didnt）+动词原形+其它。 如：They didnt watch TV last night. 一般疑问句：Did+主语+动词原形+其它？ 肯定回答：Yes，主语+did. 否定回答：No，主语+didnt. 如：Did they have a meeting two days ago？ Yes，they did. / No，they didnt. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其它？ 如：Wha

3、t time did you finish your homework？,3一般过去时的用法： a.主要用于过去某个时间发生的动作或状态。 My father worked in Shanghai last year. b.表示过去经常或反复发生的动作，常与often，always等 表示频度的时间状语连用。 I often went to school on foot. c.与when等连词引导的状语从句连用。 When he got home，he had a short rest. 4一般过去时的时间状语： a moment ago（刚才），yesterday morning，last

4、night/ week，the day before yesterday（前天），just now（刚才），in 2006, three days ago等,用所给动词的正确形式填空 1. I _ ( go) to school yesterday. 2. She_ ( play ) football last week. 3. Look! Jack _ ( sing ) now. 4.You_(read)the new paper the day before yesterday. 5. I _ ( see ) Jack in the zoo last weekend. 6. I _ (do

5、) my homework last night 7.She _(open)the mailbox the day after tomorrow. 8. I _ ( help ) the little baby drink the milk the next morning. 9. The farmers _ (work) on the farm next week. 10. My parents_ ( watch) TV last Monday.,went,played,is singing,read,saw,did,will open,will help,will work,watched

6、,句型转换 1. I went to the party last Friday. （改为一般疑问句） _ you _ to the party last Friday? 2. I had a nice time last Sunday. （改为一般疑问句） _ you _ nice time last Sunday? 3. We went to London two years ago. （对划线部分提问） _ _ you_ to London? 4. He did his homework in the morning. （改为否定句） He_ _ his homework in the

7、morning.,Did,go,Did,have,When,did,go,didnt,do,现在完成时,规则动词过去分词 的构成规则,用法,各种句式结构,时间标志词,谓语构成,要求：六人小组合作完成,谓语构成：,助动词have / has +动词的过去分词,用法,（1）表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果， 常与already (已经), ever (曾经),yet ,just (刚刚), before (以前) 等词连用。,（2）表示过去发生的动作持续到了现在， 常与for或since引导的时间状语连用。,标志词,（1）just，never， ever， already， yet等,（2

8、）for 一段时间；since点时间或 引导时间状语从句（一 般多为过去时）,（3）so far(到目前为止)； in the past/last表示一段时间的词语,现在完成时态,现在完成时态,各种句式结构,肯定式：,主语+have/has+过去分词+其他,否定式：,主语+havent/hasnt+过去分词+其他,一般疑问句：,Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他？,特殊疑问句：,疑问词+have/has+主语+过去分词+其他？,I have lived here for ten years.,Lucy has lived here since 2001.,They havent had b

9、reakfast yet.,Have you ever been to Beijing?,How long has he lived here?,1、see 2、hear 3、study 4、stop 5、write 6、teach 7、catch 8、go 9、play 10、live 11、make 12、forget,写出下列动词的过去分词形式:,seen,heard,studied,stopped,written,taught,caught,gone,played,lived,made,forgotten,(一)考查现在完成时的一般用法 ( )1Kitty, will you go t

10、o see the film Cold Mountain this evening? No，I wontI_it already Asaw Bhave seen Csee Dwill see ( )2.Gone with the Wind is a wellknown novelShe_ it twice Aread Bis reading Creads Dhas read ( )3How long_ you_ here? For about two years so far A. have; studied B. did; live C. do; stay D. have changed,A

11、,B,D,（二）考查非延续性动词与一段时间连用的表达方式 ( )1OhMrsking, your dress looks nice Is it new? No，I_ it since two years ago. Ahad Bhave had Cbought Dhave bought ( )2Jeff borrowed a history book from his friend He_it for a week Ahas borrowed B.has lent C.has kept Dlend ( )3.The students are sorry to hear that the famo

12、us singer_for half an hour Ahas left Bhas gone C. has been away D. has gone away,B,C,C,(三)考查havehas been to，havehas gone to与havehas been in的区别 ( )1Wheres your father? He_ ShanghaiHell be back next week Ahas gone to Bhas been to Chave gone to Dhave been to ( )2Where is David? He_to England on busines

13、s Ais going Bhas gone Chas been Dgoes ( )3._ you ever_ to the United States? -Yes, twice AHave; gone BHave; been CDo；go DWere; going,A,B,B,(四)考查for与since接时间状语时的区别 ( )1What a nice dog! How long have you had it? -_two years AFor BSince C. In ( )2Miss Gao has taught in this school_ 1993 A. for Bat Cin

14、Dsince (五)考查现在完成时与一般过去时的区别 ( )1-He has already gone to England -When_ he_ there? Awill; go Bis; going Cdid; go Dhas; gone ( )2Have you read this book?yes, I_it two weeks ago. Aam reading Bhave read Cwill read Dread,A,D,C,D,(六)现在完成时在特定语境下的使用 ( )1Helen，I told you to do your home-work as carefully as y

15、ou can? Yes，but Ifewer mistakes than I usually do Awas making Bhave made Cwill make Dhad made ( )2Has the match started? Started? Finished！Guo Yue_ Ais winning Bwins Cwill win Dhas won ( )3. Xiao Wang_ English for thirteen years. So he can speak quite good English. A. had learned B. has learned C. w

16、ill be learning D. learns,B,D,B,( )4. The film_for half an hour. A. has begun B. has been begun C. has been on D. began ( )5. You dont have to describe her. I_her several times. A. had met B. have met C. meet D. met ( )6. Miss Yang is not at home. She_to the school library. A. went B. has been C. go

17、es D. has gone ( )7. He has never visited the Great Hall of the People._? A. hasnt he B. has he C. does he D. doesnt he,B,C,D,B,过去进行时,现在分词V-ing 构成规则,用法,各种句式结构,时间状语,谓语构成,六人小组合作完成：,过去进行时:,谓语构成:,was/were+ 现在分词V-ing,用法：,表示在过去的某一时间正在进行的动作 或存在的状态,时间状语：,at this time yesterday（昨天这个时候） at that time last week

18、（上周那个时候） at nine yesterday evening（昨晚九点时） from seven to ten last night（昨晚从七点到十点）等， when或while引导时间状语从句的主、从复合句。,I was reading a newspaper when he came in 他进来时，我正在看报。 While I was walking home, I met Mr Green. 我步行回家时遇到了格林先生. My father was reading a newspaper while my mother was cooking. 妈妈做饭时爸爸在看报。 注：wh

19、ile 引导时间状语从句的主、从复合句，两个过去进行时并用，表示动作同时发生。,过去进行时:,各种句式结构,肯定式：,否定式：,He was sleeping when she arrived. 她到达时他正在睡觉。,They werent planting trees at nine yesterday . 昨天早上九点他们不在植树。,一般疑问句：,WasWere+主语+v-ing +其它?,主语+was/ were +v-ing +其它,主语+ waswere not +v- ing+其它,Was he playing football when you rang me?你打电话给我时他正

20、在踢足球吗?,特殊疑问句:,疑问词+waswere+主语+v -ing +其它?,What was Peter doing at this time last week? 上周这个时候彼特在于什么?,用was/were填空:,1、I listening to the music. 2、She playing the piano. 3、They looking at the flowers. 4、We having a picnic. 5、Lingling watching TV. 6、Two boys reading book. 7、Your uncle and auntvisiting th

21、e Great Wall. 8、Everyonehaving lunch. 9、People working on the farm. 10、Some women singing pop music.,was,was,was,was,were,were,were,were,were,were,用所给动词的适当形式填空。 1.You_ (have) a meeting at 9 last Monday morning 2.They_ (play)football when I passed 3.She_ (take)a walk when we had a talk 4._they _ (try

22、)to draw horses on the blackboard when the teacher came in? 5. The students _ (1isten)to the teacher carefully while he was teaching 。,were having,were playing,was taking,Were,trying,were listening,反意疑问句,意义,概念,回答,规律,构成,当我们陈述一个事实， 而又不是很有把握， 就可以在陈述句后加 一 个简短问句，称为 反意疑问句。, , 对吧/是吧?,陈述句+简短问句 助动词/系动词be/情态动

23、词 +主语（代词）,陈述句是肯定的， 简短问句用否定形式； 而陈述句是否定的， 简短问句就用肯定形式； （前肯后否，前否后肯）,按事实回答,反意疑问句语法归纳:,二、祈使句用于反意疑问句中 这种类型较特殊，前一部分是祈使句，后一部分是肯定疑问形式。 句型1:Lets+动词原形+其它，shallwe? 例：Letsgoforawalk, shall we? 而 Let us go for a walk, will you? 句型2:其它形式的祈使句，willyou? Comeintotheclassroom,willyou? Pleasebecareful,willyou? Dont panic

24、,will you?,注意：Therebe句型 1Thereisanoldpictureonthewall,isntthere? 2. Therearent anychildrenintheroom,are there? 3.Therewasntatelephonecallforme,wasthere? 4Therewereenoughpeopletopickapples, werentthere? 5Therewillbeabasketballmatchtomorrow, wont there?,值得注意的是有时英语的谓语动词并不用否定式（即没加上not），而是用上了“never,littl

25、e,few,hardly,nothing,nobody”等表否定意义的词，后半部分应用肯定疑问式。YouhaveneverbeentoBeijing,haveyou? Mr.Fathasfewfriendshere,doeshe? Thereislittlemilkinthebottle,isthere? Hecoulddonothing,could he?,完成下列反意疑问句： 1. Mary listened to pop music,_ _? 2. He has never been to Shanghai_ _? 3.He has few friends at school,_ _?

26、4.The music sounds beautiful,_ _? 5.You cant dance to jazz,_ _? 6.They werent at the concert,_ _? 7.Lets stop writing,_ _? 8.Dont be late,_ _?,didnt she,has he,does he,doesnt it,can you,were there,shall we,will you,动词不定式 动词不定式是初中英语的语法重点之一，也是每年中考英语试题的考点之一。它是动词的一种非谓语形式，没有人称和数的变化，不能单独作句子的谓语。其构成形式为to+动词

27、原形，to为动词不定式的符号，本身无意义。动词不定式具有两大特点： 1.具有动词的特点，因此，后面可以跟表语、宾语或状语，构成动词不定式短语。 2.具有名词、形容词或副词的特点，可以在句子中用作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、状语、定语、表语及同位语等。,一、动词不定式作主语 ( )1. Its hard for us _English well. A. learn B. learns C. to learn D. learning ( )2. Its very nice _ you to get me two tickets _ the World Cup. A. for， of B. of， fo

28、r C. to， for D. of， to 简析动词不定式作主语时，可以直接放在谓语动词前面的主语位置，也可以用先行词it作形式主语，而将真正的主语(不定式)置于后面。常见的句式有：(1)It is +形容词(of sb)to do sth.(2)It is +形容词(for sb)to do sth.(3)It takes sb some time to do sth.(4)It is +名词短语(for sb)to do sth.,C,D,句式(1)中常用nice， kind， clever， good， right， wrong， foolish， careless等形容词，与介词of

29、搭配，这些形容词常表述不定式逻辑主语的属性或性质；句式(2)中常用hard， difficult， easy， important等形容词，与介词for搭配，表示不定式表示的动作、行为的性质。,二、动词不定式作宾语 ( )1. He wants _ some vegetables. A. buy B. buying C. to buy D. buys ( )2. Dont forget _ your homework with you when you come to school. to bring B. bringing C. to take D. taking ( )3. He foun

30、d it very difficult _. A. sleeping B. sleeps C. slept D. to fall asleep 简析在want， like， agree， hope， wish， learn， begin， start， decide， hate， choose， forget， remember等动词后面，可以接不定式作宾语。如果其后接形容词补足语时，则可以用it作形式宾语，而把作真正宾语的不定式放到后面。,C,A,D,三、动词不定式作宾语补足语 ( )1. Robert often asks us _ his Chinese, so his Chinese

31、is much better than before. help him B. to help him with C. to help with D. helps him with ( )2. Mr Li often teaches his Japanese friends _ Chinese food. A. cook B. cooks C. to cook D. cooked 简析不定式可以用作宾语补足语。后面可以接不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：ask， teach， expect， tell， allow 等。,B,C,四、动词不定式作状语 ( )1. She went _ her tea

32、cher. A. to see B. looks C. saw D. seeing ( )2. Meimei likes English very much. She does her best _ English well. A. learn B. learning C. to learn D. learns 简析go， come， try， do / try ones best等动词或短语动词作谓语时，其后常常可以接不定式作目的状语。,A,C,( )3. Im sorry _ that. A. hears B. hearing C. hear D. to hear ( )4. Im sor

33、ry _ you. A. trouble B. to trouble C. troubling D. troubled ( )5. My mother was very glad _ her old friend. A. to meet B. meet C. met D. meets 简析be +形容词+ to do sth结构中的不定式作状语，常表示原因或方式。,C,B,A,五、动词不定式作定语 ( )1. Would you like something _? A. drink B. drinking C. to drink D. drinks ( )2. I have a lot of

34、homework _. A. do B. doing C. did D. to do ( )3. He is not an easy man _. A. get on B. to get on C. get on with D. to get on with 简析不定式作定语时，常放在被修饰的词语之后，与被修饰的词语为逻辑上的主谓关系或动宾关系；如果不定式的动词是不及物动词，其后要加上必要的介词或副词，构成的短语动词相当于及物动词。,C,D,D,六、不带to的动词不定式 ( )1. We saw him _ the building and go upstairs. A. to enter B

35、. enter C. entering D. entered ( )2. So much work usually makes them _ very tired. A. to feel B. feels C. feeling D. feel ( )3. Your father is sleeping. Youd better_. A. not wake up him B. not to wake up him C. not wake him up D. not to wake him up,B,D,C,简析1.在see， watch， hear， feel等感官动词和make， have， let等使役动词后面作宾语补足语的不定式不带to. 2.