外文翻译商品混凝土质量控制大学论文

1、中文1515字本科毕业论文外文资料翻译别：管理科学与工程系业:工程管理2015年3月18日外文资料翻译译文商品混凝土质量控制商品混凝土质量控制 吕克贝松商品混凝土从生产、施工、养护、硬化是一系列的过程，要获得优质的商品 混凝土，必须在这个过程中贯彻全面的质量管理(P、DC、A循环)。P(P LAN) 计划即配置优质的商品混凝土的措施；D(DO即按照计划进行实施；C( CHECK 即对生产的混凝土进行检查是否满足质量要求；A (ACTION即对检查结论进行处理，并把经验总结用于实际生产中。甚至从原材料的优选、配合比设计、出厂 质量控制、 施工、养护硬化都应该贯彻全面的质量管理质量管理是确保所有的

2、项 目活动设计的必要过程，计划和执行项目的有效和高效的目的和其性能的目的。1 商品混凝土的定义商品混凝土是指以集中搅拌、 远距离运输的方式向建筑工地供应一定要求的 混凝土。它包括混合物搅拌、运输、泵送和浇筑等工艺过程。严格地讲商品混凝 土是指混凝土的工艺和产品，而不是混凝土的品种，它应包括大流动性混凝土、 流态混凝土、泵送混凝土、高强混凝土、大体积混凝土、防渗抗裂混凝土或高性 能混凝土等。因此，商品混凝土是现代混凝土与现代化施工工艺的结合， 它的普及程度能 代表一个国家或地区的混凝土施工水平和现代化程度。2 商品混凝土的特点商品混凝土的产生和出现是建筑材料， 特别是混凝土发展史上的一次 “革命

3、”, 是混凝土工业走向现代化和科学化的标志。 与传统混凝土比较， 商品混凝土具有 独特的优势：(1) 生产过程严格执行国家和行业标准，所用原材料相对稳定，(2) 能节省工程量，扩大建筑物的有效使用空间。(3) 能大大缩短建设工期，提高建设速度。施工单位使用商品混凝土，施 工速度加快，减少设备、架管模板等周转租赁费用；业主单位可缩短建设周期， 降低投资风险。( 4)泵送施工，可进行高层、一定距离范围内作业，提高效率，减轻劳动 强度，降低施工管理费用、 技术难度和质量风险； 而且使大体积混凝土实施连续、 无缝施工成为可能。（5）保护和改善环境。使用商品混凝土能节省施工用地，减少资源浪费。（6）减少

4、建筑地盘材料堆放的占地面积，避免交通堵塞。避免“建好一幢 楼，损坏一条路”的现状，使施工环境保持整洁，实现文明施工。3质量控制工具因为 有 组装有一对很好的工具，可以用来控制一个项目的质量，这些都是原因和效果图， 因果图，又称为鱼骨图或石川图（命名为石川，日本的质量控制人员，谁开 发的概念在20世纪60年代，被认为是质量管理的七个基本工具） 为鱼骨图， 他们的鱼一样的外观，它是一种分析工具提供的看着的影响及其产生的原因， 助于创造或影响一个系统的方法。石川图采用问题解决团队作为一种工具，所有输入（为他们解决这个问题的原因是什么） 系统和图形，与输入通常来自一 个头脑风暴会议。它使团队的重点为何

5、出现问题，而不是对问题的历史或症状， 或其他主题，离开会议的意图。它也显示了一个实时的“快照”的团队的集体输 入更新是。可能的原因是在连支不同的详细程度， 与细节作为分支向外，即水平 不断提高，外支是它是连接到内部分支的原因。 因此，最外层的树枝通常表明问 题的根源。人问题5因果图4商品混凝土质量控制措施准确无误地完成各粗细骨料、外加剂、在生产过程中根据混凝土的质量由原材料、生产设备、有关人员三个因素构成，也就是所谓的 硬件和软件。对原材料严格把关、选择优质经济的原材料，通过先进的生产工艺 进行生产，人员具有良好的素质，认真负责地贯彻相关标准， 个工序，是获得优质的商品混凝土的保证。 原材料包

6、括水泥、 掺和料、是优良混凝土的物质基础，然后按照合理的配合比， 原材料、天气情况、施工情况等进行配合比调整，对出厂的混凝土进行取样、检 验、成型养护，并把检验结果反馈到生产控制中； 对于出厂的混凝土进行跟踪控 制，要求施工方及时地反馈混凝土质量情况， 以便进行生产控制；同时要求施工 方对浇注的混凝土进行合理的养护，以便获得优质的混凝土。外文原文Quality control of commercial concreteQuality con trol of commercial con creteLuc Bess onCommercial concrete from production,

7、construction, maintenance, hardening p rocess is a series, to obta in high-quality con crete, must imp leme nt a comp rehe nsive quality man ageme nt (P, D, C in the p rocess, A cycle). P (plan) p rogram that measures the quality of ready-mixed concrete configuration; D (DO) that is implemented acco

8、rd ing to plan; C (CHECK) that checks for the p roduct ion of con crete meets the quality requireme nts; A (ACTION) that the con clusi ons of the insp ecti on p rocess ing and the lessons learned for the actual production. Even from the preferred raw materials, mix desig n, factory quality con trol,

9、 con struct ion, maintenance sclerosis should imp leme nt a comp rehe nsive quality man ageme nt.1 Definition of Commercial concreteCommercial con crete is to point to by the concen trated stirri ng, Ion g-dista nee transportation way to supply certain requirements of concrete construction site. It

10、includes mixture mixing, transportation, pumping and pouring process. Strictly commercial con crete refers to the p rocess and con crete p roducts, rather tha n con crete variety, it should in clude a large liquidity con crete, flow con crete, pumping con crete, high stre ngth con crete, mass con cr

11、ete, an ti-see page an ti-crack con crete and high p erforma nee con crete.Therefore, commercial con crete is a comb in ati on of moder n con crete and moder n con structi on tech no logy its popu larity can rep rese nt a country or a regi on of con crete con structi on level and moder ni zati on de

12、gree.2 The characteristics of the commercial con creteThe generation of commercial concrete and building materials, in particular, a revolution in the history of the development of concrete, is a sign of concrete in dustry towards moder ni zati on and scie ntific. Comp ared with the traditi onal con

13、 crete, con crete p roducts with unique adva ntages:(1) the production process strictly implement national and industry standards,raw materials used are relatively stable,(2) can save quantity, enlarge the effective use of building space.(3) can greatly shorten the construction period, improve the c

14、onstruction speed. The use of commercial concrete construction unit, construction speed, reduce the turnover rental expenses such as equipment, pipe rack template; Owners can shorten the construction period, reduce the investment risk.(4) pumping construction, high-rise, distance can be within the s

15、cope of operation, improve efficiency, reduce labor intensity, the lower the quality of construction management fees, technical difficulty and risk; And makes mass concrete implement continuous and seamless construction possible.(5) the protection and improvement of the environment. Use of commercia

16、l concrete can save land for construction, reduce the waste of resources.(6) to reduce construction site materials piled up in the area, to avoid traffic jams. Avoid built a building, the damage is a way of the status quo, keep the construction environment clean and tidy, civilized construction.3 Qu

17、ality Control ToolsThere are a couple of good tools that can be used to control quality on a project, these are cause and effect diagrams, Pareto charts and control charts:Cause and Effect Diagram, also known as fishbone diagrams or Ishikawa diagrams (named after Kaoru Ishikawa, a Japanesequality co

18、ntrol statistician, who developed the concept in the 1960s, and is considered one of the seven basic tools of quality management) It is named fishbone diagram because of their fish-like appearance, it is an analysis tool that provides a systematic way of looking at effects and the causesthat create

19、or contribute to those effects. The Ishikawa Diagram is employed by a problem-solving team as a tool for assembling all inputs (as to what are the causes of the problem theyre addressing) systematically and graphically, with the inputs usually coming from a brainstorming session. It enables the team

20、 to focus on why the problem occurs, and not on the history or symptoms of the problem, or other topics that digress from the intent of the session. It also displays a real-time snap-shot of the collective inputs of the team as it is updated. The possible causes are presentedat various levels of det

21、ail in connected branches, with the level of detail increasing as the branch goes outward, i.e., an outer branch is a cause of the inner branch it is attached to. Thus, the outermost branches usually indicate the root causes of the problem.MACHINErROBLM雜 THObMATERIALCause and effect diagramD7MANI Ei

22、rWIROMMEHTOi4 Commercial con crete quality con trol measuresConcrete consists of raw materials, production equipment, the quality of the three factors con stitute the people concern ed, known as hardware and software. Strictly control for raw materials, choose high quality raw materials of economy, through the use of adva need p roducti on tech no logy for p roducti on, personnel with good quality, serious and responsible to implement the standards, each working procedure to complete corre