09英语考研真题

1、09英语考研真题209年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题sectin useofenglidirectis:redthe lling text. cose e bet o（s） foreach numbredbn nd mark , b, cor d n anser shet 1 (1points) resech on animal inteigne aways maes me woner just owsmart humnsare. 1 h it-fly eperiments dcribed inarlimmers pie i thesciec imes on tuesday.frutfl

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4、animal ntelligce als make mewoe w erintamal woud on hmns if they had the cae evry ctwith ower， 1 , unninga small-cale stud in opeant condiioning. ebeeve tht15 anis ran e labs,ty woul tet us to 16 teiits of r patnce,orfaithulness, or memoyfr tn. thewuld tr o ecidhatineince in umans s real 1 , ot rely

5、 how much of t there is. 18 ,ey wol opto sudy 19 qesion: are hmans actally wareo the world they livei？ 20 th reults are inconcusive a sppse b onsid c bsrve iagi2.a tend b feardc haend d threatened3 thnr stblr c lgter d dmer4. a tendeny advanta c incnaon dpriorty5. aisis onsums p trns ou pu forward6.

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7、unles c a d est6. aoderat b vercme c erin d reac1. a at for c aftr d ith1. abo all b after all c howeer d oherwie19. a fnaeal b omhenv eqivant d ste20. a byacident i tie so fa better stllection ii rangcprehenonar adrios：read the followfu tetsaswer th qstions below ahtxt y choosi a, c r d. mk yanwrs

8、nwr ht . (40 points)text1ais ae a funn hing. e acho hm mindlessly, sttig ourbrans o ut-pilo and rlaing ino thunconcoscomo f milar routin “not choice,uhabi rles he unefecting d,” illwodsraid inth 9thcentury.i he ee-changing 21st cetury， even the wrd“habit” caries a negv onntaion.o it sems anthetical

9、t alkbou habts in thesae cntext a creativiy and inovatin. but rn reseachsave discoved th we we consciusly develo newhbits，we reeplleynapipaths,ad een entirelynerain clls, that can jumpu trainsf thouh nto ne, nnovtietrac. but ont othr rying to kil ofod hait； onc those ruts of rocdue aeornintthe hpps,

10、 theyre threo sta. istead,the nw hais w delibeatelinga io urseles reae paraelpataysthaan byass thoseod ros.“he fistthingeded foinvatio ia fascinaion withonder,” says dw maova, atoo “the openmnd” nd an eecutive chnge osutantorprofessionalinkinpartne “bu we are aughtinst odecide, just as ur peietcalsh

11、imself the deder” she adds, oweer, ta “odecde is to kill off posbiliiest ne o nnovtiona thnke is lwas xlorig the n oer posibilitie.”ll fus wok togh probs way ofwich ee uaware, h ays. reachers n helate 160 covered hat uas ar born wth th apacty t roch cllenes n our imary ay:analyticaly, rocduraly， rea

12、tionaly(or colaborively） andinnovaively aprt,howver, therainsht down alf ofthat caaity, psrvng olythoe odesofthught ha hae seemed mst aluabe durng the is dcadr oof li.theurrn emphasis ontndaiedestin highligh aalysis ad produr, eang tht fewos ieently e ourinnoativeand collaoraie modes f hoght“thisbea

13、 th major rin the amricn elief sysem tat anoe can doanyhng,” xpais. . yan, hrof he 206 bok “this year i will.” an ms. markovsbsinesparn. “thats a litat we hve pepetuaed， and it fostes comonness. nowig whatyure godat nd ding evn ore f it creats xne”his s wher dveoping new hbit comes in.1 thview of wr

14、dswthai is clmedy beng .csual b. familir c.mechanic d hangble 22. hersearchers have iscovered tt the fratio of haicn be a pedictd b. regulte c. trce d.guided 23” ru”(in in one, paragaph 3) ha closestmang to a. tracks b. rie c. caaristicsd. conections24.m. mrovas coments suget attpacticofstandad tesi

15、ng ?a, reents new habt fr beng fordb, no longrehsze comnec,mantais th inhe ameian hkinmodeld，compswih e ameica beiefsysm25.ryanmost robably agree that . areornoa relag mind. innovatnes cod be tuh decsivene drs from fanastic idea. riosity ctivats ceativeidte 2t is ise ater hat knows hisowncild， today

16、 a man c bot hispaterna（fate) iom o atleat onfirm ta hes the kidsdad alle eetdo is heour$30 fr patrnity testikt （p) at his oaldrustore and aoth 120 to gt tereultsmorean60,000peopl have prhaed the ptkssince they irst ecome availalewithot presriptions at yar, accding t doufg， cie opratn offieroidentie

17、ne, whichmaks t er-the-count ktsmore than twodozen opane sl d tests irctlytthe pubic, angg n rice rmae hunded l t more than $0mng temost pouar : paternit ndinhip estin ， whic adped cildren can seo findti bioloical rlaes ad latst rge man passinate galgtsnd suport businss htofertsearch fo a fms geogrp

18、hc rot .most tst reu collecting celsy webigslva in the outh an snding it to thecmpny orst. lest rquire potetial candda it h tocomare dn. butmeobserver r skpca, “there a kind of false peision being aed b peopl lmgy are doigacry tetng,” ays reyuster,a neyr uiversit sociolist he nots a eah idvidual ham

19、anyancestrs-numbering i the undd jsafew centrie bac. mot ncetytesinonly cosdr aige linage,eheth y hromosome iheitedthog en in a fathers lin or mitcondri dna, wih a pasdd onl frommothers is dnac reveal geneticiformatioabout only one or tw ancetor， even though, for eam, us threegeneratins back eple al

20、soave ix othr rea-grandpan or， our eneatiosback， 1oh et-ga-grdpares.cits argue thtcommercal genic tetigs onlyaooas he rence olectons o hic aamleis mpareddtabasesused by so cmpanes ontrelyon dta colected sstematically buarlump tethe infration ro iffeent research pojets. th manthat a databsema differd

21、pedin on the omy hat prceses th results. in dition, e computer progras a ompanyuses to estmate reationhps aybe ptentd and not subt t errvew orutid vauatin. 2.i pararph 1 nd 2, e txt shos pk _aeasy avaiabilt bflexibity nrcing c succesful pron poplariy with househlds2 tki us to_.aloate one irth pcprmo

22、e geneti reerchc deiyprent-chldkinshi d hoose children fr adopto 28.kpial obsve elieve that ancsrytesinfails o_.araedtant anestor rebuild rliabl bloodinec fulyuse etic nforon civ he claimed ccurac 9. he lt pagraph,a prblecoeil gentc testin fae s _sganizedtacollci b oeaping dtbase buildin 30.anapprop

23、riae title or th extismost kely to be_.aors ad gins of a testing dna testing anitproblscdna tsting outside thela les ehid dna teing exthelaionhipbetwen forl dution an ecnmi owin poocounries is widey miundestood by economists an politiia like progrei bo ea i unduedlynsy for t oal, oliicalad ntllctual

24、 deelpentof thee and all other scietie; owever, heconventina vew tat eduatin sd be on of th very highst proriesfor pomoting ra economic veme poor contris iong. we r frut thai it， becus new edcatol systems hre andputg enougheoplethrogh hem tmre ecnomic perormancewul equi t r threegenertions he fningo

25、f a rearch inittion he consistently hown at workers in al unties an be trainon te job to ache radia igherrodctiity n, asa result， radicalyhiher tadrds oliing.irncaly, thefirs evidenc for this a apared th united stat. no ln ag, hhe countryenteg arecessing an aa at its p-bublee. he s orkforewas ideds

26、poorleuatedannef rmary cause te por u. onomicperoranc. japaws,and rmis， t lbl eader in atomoiv-assemy roducivity. et the reerch reveled tht the u. actoi fhodns,ad tooacheed about 9 pcen fth pductity f thanese cuntere nts a reultof t ranig at .s.okerreeied on te jmore rently,lexamng housing onstrtion

27、， t researcersdisceredtat iliterate， on-enis- seakng mxcanworkes in ousn,tex, conistently mt est-pratie lbo puctiiy standrds despite the complxity of thebuidingidsrys wok.what trel reationshipbeween eduatio an ecooi deelpent？wve tsuspecttha cotinuieconomi rowh prooes thedeopentfedutioneen w overnend

28、ntfc it. afteall,tha hw eaion got starte.we our ancestrs wr huntesand athrers10,00 earag, thy dint ave time towondr much abou anyngbesdes idingfood ony whenhuaity ean gt ifod a mre podctve wasteretime fr ohe thigsas ucationmprove,humanitys prouvi pottial, ty cud in turnafford more edcaton. this ncre

29、angly high lveof educatin iprbbl ncesary， but not sufiien， ndition f he coexpolitial ystems requre by dvanced ecomipfomance.thus poo cutis might nob ale t ecap their povet aps hou poltalns tht may be possible only wbrrformal eucan. a lc of fomlucati, hwver, dosntconstrainte bility o e dveloingworlds

30、 wokortoubstiall moructivty o he foreted futur. thecotary,contrais onimpovin rducivity explainwhy euction isnt developing me qicly tre than it .31.theauthohlds in paraph 1 that theiortat fedcationin oorcunies _.a i sujct goudless doubts has alenvictimofbas is onvenina downred dhs been ovrestimated 2

31、. it i stated npraraph 1thaconstct a eweductin tem _.achalenge ecoomits andpolticns btks efot of genratonscends priority frm thgovenment d reirs suffcnlabor forc 3.a majordifferne tee ejapanese and us workfce s ta _.a tejapaeseorkorce is better discplinb thejapane oforceimre rduciv cthe .swofoe as b

32、ttr educaio the .s wrkforceismo ogaie 34 th autho ute theexample of our ncsrs to show that education mred_.a wen oladnouh ti bpriotobtterwy of fdin food c we people on ongerhng d s reulo pressue on governmnt 5. ading t the last paah ,devopmet of educaton _.aresut directy fro copetiive envrmensb does

33、 nt deend on enmperfmncfollows improved podctivy d cnt afford poliicl cge text4the most horoughly studied n he histor of the new orl are he mniste ndpliticl leaders of evntnth-cenry new engl. accrdgto hstndard hsry oamein phiosopy, nohere le iolnialrcaws “ much mprant ached tellectua pusuts ” acordi

34、ng to my bo and ice, newnglads eaderstablisd thebai themes and prccuptios f an folig， doinnt purita tadiion amrican inellectl ife. totkthis aroach t te new ngandesormally man t tawit the puitans thelogical invatns and theirstinctie ida bo the hurch-imprasubjects ta w ay no neglt. bt in keepingthou e

35、xmiatinofsutrn ielleual li, maycondrthe rginal pitaa ariers f uopan cultureadjusing tnew wocircumstan hene englandloes were he scnes f imprtnt pisode in the prsuit o widel undrstood idas f civility virtuosty. therlysettlrs ofmaschues baincluded men oesie educatn ad inflceinnglanbeies he nietyrearne

36、miiters wh cae to massachuetts chrch in th cade after 1629,thrwerolitcal ldes like jhwinth,an educaed getlean, layer, afical f thcrown bef h orneedo oo. trmnrte nd ulisedextensively, reachgboh ew world and olworld udienes,and gii ne egandan tmosphere ointcaleanestnes. w should not forget , howevr, h

37、at most ne englner wer less wll ducatd wile fe craftsn farmes, lt aledepedents and ernts, le ltary compositinsto beanlyzed,the thnkig fte hd aditioa uerstitis qulity. talo aed john dne， who emigat in thelae 16,ft an accou of his asonsforleavinenglan tha i filld withsgns. seul ousn, conmic rustration

38、s,andreliious hope-al ameoher i decsiv momenwhnhe opened te bible, told hisher h first line he saw wol settlehsfae,andread the magalord： “come otfrom amng them, touch o ucan tig , and i wille yourgod ad yoal be my people.” on woners whatdae thoghtf he crefseron epaning the bil hat h hear in ritncurc

39、ed. m wle , ny etes ha sighter regius comimns tha danes， as one clrgman earne i cofontn ok along he coast ho mocked ta they had ot o to the new wod for reigio . “ormi end waochfish”36. he athor otes that nthsevntenth-entry n england_.a puitn titn dominated plitic life llectualinterest e ncouraged.c

40、poiti eneited mufomtelectual eners. itltalpusuits enod leralnirnent.7it suggsed aragraph 2 ha new ngld_.aeerienced a compartelypaceul ealyisty. brough wt them the ultr fth ol orldc paid litle attntino souher elleualifed wereobessd wreligou nnations8. the rl misters nd political eadersin masschusetts

41、 ba_a we aos in he nw worl or therwiingsbgaind icresing mportane in rligous ffarscabandoe high poiiobe ming toe newwrldd crada n intlleul atmosee i new egand9. te story of jhn dane shos h les wll-euctedlndes were ofen _a influnedb spersitions trubed wi relgios belifscuzl y churc ermons rustate ihfly

42、earnigs0. hetex sugests that erlyettlrsin w ennd_aremoty gagd in polticalactvitisbwere motivateban llusory prospctc me fom iferetbacgros.d lft fe fora reods for later refeenept dirctn: irections： in te folowng txt， sme snence hve ben roved. or qustons (41-4)， coe themssuable one fom th lst a-g o fit into each of