B4U新世纪大学英语(第二版)综合教程第4册Unit1课件

1、,Read and Explore,Unit 1 Man and Nature,Get Started,Listen and Respond,Optional Classroom Activities,Enhance Your Language Awareness,1. Do you think man lives in harmony with nature now? 2. Do you think that man has been destroying nature? Could you give some examples? 3. What do you think we should

2、 do to preserve nature?,Work in pairs or groups and discuss the following questions.,Get started-Discussion,Study the following quotes about man and nature and discuss in pairs what you can learn from them.,Get started-Quotes,Study nature, love nature, stay close to nature. It will never fail you. F

3、rank Lloyd Wright,Interpretation: As an architect, Wright emphasizes the importance of loving and studying nature. We should observe nature, take care of it and live in harmony with it. And then we will never feel disappointed with it.,Get started-Quotes,Click Picture,Look deep into nature, and then

4、 you will understand everything better. Albert Einstein,Interpretation: As a scientist, Einstein believes that a close study of nature will help us better understand things.,Get started-Quotes,Click Picture,We do not see nature with our eyes, but with our understandings and our hearts. William Hazli

5、tt,Interpretation: As a writer, Hazlitt urges us to love and appreciate nature heart and soul.,Get started-Quotes,Click Picture,The highest purpose is to have no purpose at all. This puts one in accord with nature, in her manner of operation. John Cage,Interpretation: Mans ideal life is to be integr

6、ated into nature, so we should respect nature and follow its laws.,Get started-Quotes,Click Picture,Watch the following video clip “If the world warms by 6 degrees ” and do the tasks that follow:,video,click here,If the world warms by 6 degrees, from a distance the may appear bright blue, but they a

7、re marine wastelands. Deserts across continents like conquering armies. become common events. Some of the worlds great cities are and abandoned. If temperatures soar by 6 degrees within , were going to face nothing less than a global wipe out.,flooded,video,Fill in the missing words according to wha

8、t you hear from the video clip.,Video-1,_,march,_,Natural disasters,_,oceans,_,less than a century,_,click here,Video-2,2. What do you think are other possible consequences of a warmer climate? (Open.),click here,marine a. of, near, living in, or obtained from the sea （近）海的；海生（产）的 fishery n. a part

9、of the sea used for the business of catching sea fish 近海渔场 exhaust vt. use up completely 用完，用尽,Listen and Respond Word Bank,endanger vt. cause danger to 使遭危害，危及 excessive a. too much; too great; going beyond what is reasonable or right 过多的，过分的，过度的 starvation n. U suffering or death from lack of food

10、 挨饿，饥饿；饿 死,Listen and Respond Word Bank,Choose the best answer to each of the following questions according to the information contained in the listening passage.,L Having rough footpads skid-resistant on the ice.,Chickadee,Eating twice as much food in winter as in summer to accumulate a layer of fa

11、t that will burn slowly through the cold night; Having 30 percent more feathers in winter which can be fluffed up, trapping a layer of warm air; Dropping body temperatures as much as 20 degrees below the normal 104, thereby slowing energy consumption.,Optional,Wood frog,Being frozen solid, like lump

12、s of ice in winter; Thawing out in the coming spring by flooding its bloodstream with glucose.,Snakes,In the same way as wood frogs.,Optional,Activity 2: Work in groups and conduct research on any species of wildlife that you are interested in, focusing on how they survive winter. Present your findi

13、ngs to the whole class.,Useful Expressions-A,interact with,be aware of,compel sb. to do sth.,tend to,live in fear of,be regarded as,hostile to,与互动,意识到，注意到,迫使某人做某事,倾向于,生活在对的恐惧之中,被视为,不利于,Useful Expressions-A,in the name of,show signs of,be concerned with,satisfy the needs of,from head to foot,violate

14、the laws of nature,以的名义,显示出的迹象,关心,满足的需求,从头到脚；全身,违背自然规律,Useful Expressions-A,tough it out,bend under the weight of,stream out of,span the globe,take advantage of,up to,苦熬,被压弯,成群结队地离开,长途跋涉,利用,多达，直到,现在分词作状语 一、现在分词短语作时间状语： 1分词动作一发生，谓语动作紧跟着发生，用现在分词的一般式作时间状语，其逻辑主语为句中的主语。常用的动词有：hear, see, arrive, return, g

15、et to, look, open, close, leave, turn around, walk等，表示一个极短暂动作。如： Hearing their teachers voice, the pupils stopped talking at once. 2谓语动作发生在分词所表示的动作过程之中，用when / while + 现在分词的一般式，分词的逻辑主语为句中的主语。如： Dont be careless when /while having an exam. 3分词所表示的动作完成之后，谓语动作才发生，则用现在分词的完成式，即having done的形式。分词的逻辑主语应是句中的

16、主语。如： Having finished his homework, the boy was allowed to watch TV play.,Grammar,*,*,*,二、现在分词在句中作原因状语 1分词短语在句中作原因状语时，相当于一个原因状语从句。当分词所表示的动作与谓语动作同时发生或几乎同时发生时，用分词的一般形式。如： Not knowing how to work out the difficult physics problem, he asked the teacher for help. 2分词表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前时，可以用现在分词的完成式在句中作原因状语。如：

17、 Having lived with the girl for 5 years, we all know her very well.,Grammar,*,*,三、现在分词短语在句中作条件状语 现在分词短语在句中作条件状语时，其逻辑主语为句中的主语，该短语相当于一个条件状语从句。如： Turning to the left, you will find the path leading to the park. 四、现在分词短语在句中作让步状语 现在分词短语在句中作让步状语时，其逻辑主语是句中的主语，相当于一个让步状语从句，有时分词前可以带有连接词although, whether, even

18、 if, even though。如： Weighing almost one hundred jin, the stone was moved by him alone.,Grammar,*,*,五、现在分词短语在句中作结果状语 现在分词短语在句中可以作结果状语，相当于一个结果状语从句，其逻辑主语是句中的主语。分词短语在句中作结果状语时，通常位于句末，中间有逗号。有时为了加强语气，就在分词前加thus。如： Their car was caught in a traffic jam, thus causing the delay. 六、分词短语在句中表示方式或伴随情况 现在分词短语可表示方式

19、或伴随情况，用来说明动作发生的背景或情况。一般情况下，现在分词所表示的动作与谓语所表示的动作同时发生，它的逻辑主语就是句中的主语，谓语动词作为主要动作，而现在分词表示一个陪衬动作。如： The children ran out of the room, laughing and talking merrily.,Grammar,*,*,Grammar,Now, please do the tasks on Pages 23-24 in your textbook.,writing,Write an essay of no less than 150 words on the topic “My

20、 Understanding of Environmental Protection”. Your writing should cover the following points: the relationship between man and the environment the urgency of environmental protection ways to protect the environment,writing,Sample Writing,My Understanding of Environmental Protection Man and the enviro

21、nment are closely related. Man relies on the environment for water, food and shelter. A harmonious relationship between man and the environment is essential for human survival on the earth. However, man and the environment have never been on such bad terms as they are now. As society develops, mans

22、transformation of nature has severely polluted his living environment. Deforestation leads to changes in rainfall patterns, causing devastating floods, droughts and,writing,Sample Writing,sandstorms. The discharge of chemical pollutants endangers our health and the lives of other beings. And mass pr

23、oduction has resulted in the shortage of irreplaceable natural resources such as coal and oil. If we take no immediate and effective steps to protect our environment, human beings may be the next species to become extinct. We should do our best to protect our environment by planting more trees, taki

24、ng care of wildlife, reducing industrial wastes, using renewable energy, and imposing heavy fines on environmentally-unfriendly activities, so as to preserve the environment for future generations. (167 words),Thank You!,A possible answer: No. The present relationship between man and nature is not a

25、s harmonious as before. With the population explosion and the development of the economy, serious damage has been done to nature. All this has resulted in such problems as global warming, soil erosion, shortage of fresh water, droughts and sandstorms. Human beings no longer live in harmony with natu

26、re.,Key to Get Started (1),Reference Key:,Key to Get Started,A possible answer: Yes. For example, man has cut down half of the trees that existed 10,000 years ago. The loss of trees has upset the ecosystem and resulted in the extinction of many species. Consequently, nature has lost its balance. Ano

27、ther example is that man has been burning too much fossil fuel for daily use and industrial production, which has caused heavy pollution to our environment.,Key to Get Started (2),Reference Key:,Key to Get Started,A possible answer: Firstly, we shouldnt develop our economy at the expense of nature.

28、Secondly, we should take as little as possible from nature and put back into it as much as we can. Thirdly, we should form the habit of saving natural resources. We should be aware that natural resources are not inexhaustible. When we reach the point of no return, there will be nothing left for futu

29、re generations.,Key to Get Started (3),Reference Key:,Key to Get Started,About Frank Lloyd Wright (1867-1959): an American architect and writer. He was the most creative genius of American architecture.,Authors of the Quotes (1),Key to Quotes,About Albert Einstein (1879-1955): US physicist and mathe

30、matician, born in Germany, who developed the Theory of Relativity, which completely changed the way that scientists understand space and time.,Authors of the Quotes (2),Key to Quotes,About William Hazlitt (1778-1830): a British writer and critic, known for his essays on many subjects, especially lit

31、erature. His best-known collection of essays is entitled Table Talk (席间闲谈).,Authors of the Quotes (3),Key to Quotes,About John Cage (1912-1992): a US composer and pianist. In 1951, he organized a group of musicians and engineers to make the first music on magnetic tape.,Authors of the Quotes (4),Key

32、 to Quotes,If the world warms by 6 degrees, from a distance the oceans may appear bright blue, but they are marine wastelands. Deserts march across continents like conquering armies. Natural disasters become common events. Some of the worlds great cities are flooded and abandoned. This could be our

33、world plus 6 degrees. “Warmings of 6 degrees over longer time periods have been associated with some of the most devastating mass extinctions which have ever taken place, so its certainly fair to assume that if temperatures soar by 6 degrees within less than a century, then were going to face nothin

34、g less than a global wipe out.”,Script for Watching and Discussion (1),Script for Watching and Discussion (1),6 degrees of warming has been called the Doomsday scenario. Our lives would never be the same again.,Script for Watching and Discussion (2),Script for Watching and Discussion (2),The Importa

35、nce of Protecting Sea Resources During the 19th century, people in Europe and America claimed that marine resources were unlimited. For example, a noted biologist at the time commented that none of the worlds great sea fisheries were ever going to be exhausted. Today though, there is evidence showin

36、g that marine resources are as seriously endangered as those of the land and the air. In fact, in some ways the threats to fish are more alarming than the threats to animals and birds. This is because fish is a much needed food resource, as people throughout the world depend on fish as an important

37、part of their diet. It is reported that to satisfy food demands, 20 billion pounds of fish are harvested,Script for Listen and Respond (1),Script for Listen and Respond,every year in the North Atlantic alone. Sea resources are also rapidly declining in many other parts of the world. Scientists now b

38、elieve that food supplies from the sea wont last forever. They warn that excessive fishing will destroy fish reserves within the next few years. They also warn that the decline in fish supply will cause starvation in some parts of the world.,Script for Listen and Respond (2),Script for Listen and Re

39、spond,1. Does man tend to become less dependent on nature with the rapid development of society? Why or why not?,No. As society develops, man tends to become less dependent on nature directly, while indirectly his dependence grows. For instance, in this industrial society, it appears that man is rel

40、ying less on nature for its natural gifts since he can produce what he needs with the help of modern technology. However, man still has to take raw materials from nature for production and, in fact, depends on nature more than ever for such irreplaceable resources as coal, oil, and so on.,Key to dis

41、covering the main ideas (Ex.1.1),Key to discovering the main ideas,2. What does the author think about the present relationship between man and nature?,According to the author, the present relationship between man and nature is not as harmonious as before, as the previous dynamic balance between man

42、 and nature and between nature and society as a whole has shown ominous signs of breaking down. It is increasingly difficult to obtain irreplaceable natural resources for the needs of production and to eliminate industrial waste.,Key to discovering the main ideas (Ex.1.2),Key to discovering the main

43、 ideas,3. Whats the distinct feature of modern technology according to the passage?,The distinct feature of modern technology is the increasing abundance of produced and used synthetic goods. With modern technology, man has produced and consumed more synthetic goods than he needs, which has severely

44、 polluted nature.,Key to discovering the main ideas (Ex.1.3),Key to discovering the main ideas,4. Whats the solution to the ecological crisis according to the author?,According to the author, the solution lies in rational and wise organization of both production itself and care for Mother Nature by

45、all humanity. One of the ways to deal with the crisis is to use natural resources such as solar energy and the power of winds.,Key to discovering the main ideas (Ex.1.4),Key to discovering the main ideas,5. Whats the authors attitude towards the human transformation of nature?,The author takes a neg

46、ative attitude towards human transformation of nature. According to the passage, mans transformation has brought about fatal destruction to nature. Nature is being exhausted in resources, contaminated by synthetic products, and troubled by ecological imbalance.,Key to discovering the main ideas (Ex.

47、1.5),Key to discovering the main ideas,Key Words for Text A compel,compel vt. make (a person or thing) do sth. by force, moral persuasion, or orders that must be obeyed 强迫；强求；强使,I feel compelled to write and tell you how much I enjoyed your book.,Leonies mother was compelled to take in washing to he

48、lp support her family.,利奥妮的妈妈被迫在家替人洗衣服，以贴补家用。,Key Words for Text A transfer,transfer vt. (from, to) move from one place, job, position, etc., to another 常与from或to连用转移；调动,How can I transfer money from my bank account to his?,Anton was able to transfer from Lavines to an American company.,安东成功地从拉文调到了一

49、家美国公司。,CF: move, shift, transfer, remove 这些动词均可表示“从一处移往另一处”之意。 move指从一处到另一处的任何距离的转移。例如： A traffic warden asked him to move his car. shift侧重位置与方向的改变。例如： The entire pile shifted and slid, thumping onto the floor. transfer一般表示转送、移交或迁移，尤指交通运输中的换乘或职务的调动等。例如： He likes to transfer from the bus to the Blue

50、Line at 103rd Street in Watts. I was transferred to the book department.,Key Words for Text A transfer,Key Words for Text A transfer,remove作“移动”解时，与move可换用，还可指撤职或开除学藉等。例如： As soon as the cake is done, remove it from the oven. The president could only be removed from power once free elections were or

51、ganised.,Key Words for Text A transfer,Key Words for Text A transfer,Key Words for Text A live in fear of,live in fear of be always afraid of sth./sb. or that sth. bad will happen 终日为而担心，提心吊胆,At that time they lived in fear of being arrested by the secret police.,One in 10 Californians is unemployed

52、 and thousands more live in fear of losing their jobs.,十分之一的加利福尼亚人没有工作，还有数以千计的人成天提心吊胆地害怕失去工作。,Key Words for Text A retreat,retreat vi. (from, to) move back or leave a center of fighting or other activity, esp. when forced to do so 常与from或to连用（尤指被迫地）撤退，退却,It was so hot outside that even dogs would re

53、treat into the shade.,From bouncing confidence she had retreated into self-pity.,她从信心百倍变得自怜自哀。,Key Words for Text A cut down,cut down bring down by cutting 砍倒,George was trying to cut down a tree with an axe when he was caught by the police.,It was difficult to cut the tree down with a knife.,用一把刀很难

54、把这棵树砍倒。,Key Words for Text A show signs of / show every sign of,show signs of / show every sign of show that sth. is happening or that sth. is true or exists 显示的征兆,After years of decline, agriculture is showing signs of improvement.,Horatio and Hamlet saw the king show every sign of fear and anger.,

55、荷瑞修和哈姆雷特看到国王显露出种种害怕、愤怒的迹象。,Key Words for Text A technology,technology n. C; U (a branch of) knowledge dealing with scientific and industrial methods and their practical use in industry; practical science （一门）科技；工艺学；工业技术；应用科学,We employed an expert to advise us on new technology in the automobile indu

56、stry.,Worldwide, an enormous amount of research effort goes into military technology.,在世界范围内，大量的研究精力都被投入到军事技术上。,Key Words for Text A from head to foot,from head to foot over the whole length of ones body 从头到脚；全身,They are protected from head to foot with face masks, caps and white gowns.,A passing lo

57、rry covered us in mud from head to foot.,一辆经过的卡车溅了我们一身泥。,Key Words for Text A output,output n. C; U quantity of goods, etc. produced (by a machine, worker, etc.) （机器、工人等的）产量,The car factory hopes to increase its output by 30% next year.,Government statistics show the largest drop in industrial outpu

58、t for ten years.,政府统计数据显示这是10年来工业产量最大幅度的滑坡。,Key Words for Text A cycle,cycle n. a number of related events happening in a regularly repeated order 循环，周而复始,There seems to be an endless cycle of violence in this troubled part of the world.,The figures marked the final low point of the present economic

59、 cycle.,这些数据显示了目前经济周期的最低点。,Key Words for Text A destruction,destruction n. U the act of destroying or state of being destroyed 破坏；毁灭；消灭；灭亡,The enemy bombs caused widespread destruction to the city.,Some scientific discoveries have been perverted to create weapons of destruction.,某些科学发明被滥用来生产毁灭性武器。,Key Words for Text A as yet,as yet fml with negatives until now 正式与否定式连用到目前为止（还没有），至今（仍不）,The extract is taken from an as