条件状语从句和让步状语从句

1、条件状语从句和让步状语从句【探究寻规】用适当的连词完成下面的句子并说明从句的类型。_ our right hand is busy greeting someone, it cannot be holding a weapon. (条件状语从句)2. _ you hold up your arm, you wont ask questions in class. (条件状语从句)3._ these are very important, we communicate with more than just spoken and written words. (让步状语从句)4. _ you d

2、o, do it better. (让步状语从句)5. _ busy you are, spare some time with your children every day. (让步状语从句)【语法精点】一、基础点拨1. 条件状语从句。条件状语从句分为真实条件句和虚拟条件句两种。假设的情况有可能发生的条件句叫做真实条件句；若假设的情况根本不可能发生或发生的可能性不大的条件句叫做虚拟条件句。 条件状语从句常用if (如果)，unless(除非)引导。此外，条件状语从句也可由suppose(倘若)，so/as long as(只要)，on (the) condition that(如果、条件是

3、)，in case(如果、万一)等引导。If you fail in the exam, you will let your parents down. 如果你考试不及格,你会让你父母失望的。Ill go there tomorrow unless it rains. 除非下雨，否则我明天就去那里。Suppose (that) we had not helped him, what would have happened? 假定我们当时没有帮助他，将会发生什么事呢？ You may borrow my book as long as you keep it clean. 只要你保持书的清洁，你

4、就可以把我的书借去。2. 让步状语从句。表示“虽然、尽管、即使”等概念的状语从句叫让步状语从句。让步状语从句常用though(虽然)，although(虽然)，as(尽管)，even if/though(即使)，no matter+疑问词/疑问词+-ever(不管、无论)等引导。Though we communicate with words, body and non-verbal languages are also popular in daily communications. 虽然我们用语言进行交流，但是体态语和非语言交际在日常交际中也非常受人欢迎。Although we have

5、grown up, our parents still treat us as children. 虽然我们已经长大了，但是父母仍然把我们当成孩子。Child as/though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do. 虽然他是一个孩子，但他知道该做什么。Fast as/though you read, you cant finish the book so soon. 虽然你读得快，但你也不能这么快读完这本书。I wont come to the concert even though I have nothing else to do

6、. 尽管我没有其他的事情可做,我也不会去参加音乐会。Whatever happened, he would not mind. 无论发生了什么，他都不会介意的。However expensive it may be, Ill take it. 无论它有多贵，我也要买下它。Whenever you come to my house, youre always welcome. 不管你什么时候来我家，你都受欢迎。Wherever you live, do be on time for the meeting. 不管你在哪住，务必按时到会。Dont come in without permissio

7、n whoever you are. 不管你是谁，未经允许不得入内。 二、难点突破条件状语从句和让步状语从句的特殊用法。(1) 在条件状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时：I will come to see you if I have time. 如果我有时间，我就来看你。 (2)as表示“虽然但是”，“纵使”之意时，引导的 让步状语从句必须以部分倒装的形式出现，被倒装的部分可以是表语、状语或动词原形。Object as you may, Ill go. 纵使你可能反对，我也要去。Hard as he works, he makes little progress. 尽管他学习很努力，但几乎

8、没取得什么进步。Threatening as their words are, we still do what we should. 尽管他们说的话很吓人，但我们依然做我们应该做的事情。 Farmer as/though he is, he writes poems quite well. 虽然他是个农民，但是他诗歌写得很好。【名师点津】如果表语部分是单数可数名词，该名词位于句首时前面不用不定冠词。(3) 疑问词+-ever的含义为“无论都；不管都”，在口语中常可改为no matter+疑问词，但no matter+疑问词结构只能引导让步状语从句，而疑问词+-ever还可以引导名词性从句。W

9、hoever/No matter who you are, you must keep the law. 不管你是什么人，你都要遵纪守法。(whoever引导让步状语从句)Whatever/No matter what you say, I wont believe you.无论你说什么，我都不会相信你。(whatever引导让步状语从句)Ill eat whatever (no matter what) you give me. 你给我吃什么，我就吃什么。(whatever引导宾语从句)Whoever comes will be welcome. 不管谁来都会受到欢迎。(whoever引导主

10、语从句)Whenever/No matter when you come to my house, its OK with me. 无论你什么时候来我家都可以。(whenever引导让步状语从句) 【高考体验】做状语从句的习题四步曲：读懂给出的句子，这是确定正确选项的基础所在；2. 明确句子中引导状语从句的连词的逻辑含义，这是确定正确选项的关键所在；3. 明确给出的各个选项的含义；4. 确定选项。1. (2013重庆高考)_ we have enough evidence, we cant win the case. A. Once B. As long asC. Unless D. Sinc

11、e解题关键：弄清两句之间的关系，确定状语从句的连词。思路分析：选。考查状语从句。句意：除非我们有足够的证据，否则我们赢不了这场官司。根据句意可知需要填入表示“除非”的连词，故选；项表示“一旦”；项表示“只要”；项表示“既然；自从以来”。2. (2013江西高考)She says that shell have to close the shop _ business improves. A. if B. unless C. after D. when思路分析：选B。考查连词。句意：她说她将不得不关闭店铺，除非生意好转。if意为“如果”；unless意为“除非”；after意为“在之后”；whe

12、n意为“当的时候”。3. (2013辽宁高考)One can always manage to do more things, no matter _ full ones schedule is in life. Ahow B. what C. when D. where思路分析：选A。考查连词。句意：一个人总是能设法做更多的事情，不管在生活中他的时间表排得多么满。此处要用how来修饰full。4. (2012福建高考)It is hard for the Greek government to get over the present difficulties _ it gets more

13、financial support from the European Union. A. if B. unless C. because D. since解题关键：(1)读懂句子，了解句子表达的含义。(2)了解各个选项的含义以及正确选项在句子中的逻辑关系。思路分析：选B。(1)句意：除非能从欧盟得到更多的资金支持，否则希腊政府很难度过目前的困境。(2)由句意可知，前后两句之间的逻辑关系是条件关系，而条件句中又必须是“如果不”前后两句才符合逻辑关系。(3)选项B表示“如果不，除非”，符合题意。易错误区：(1)选项A表示条件，意为“如果”，与主句关系不符合逻辑。只有从句中表示“如果不”才能与主句

14、的关系符合逻辑。(2)选项C表示原因，意为“因为”。(3)选项D表示原因或时间，意为“既然，因为”或“自从”。5. (2012江西高考)You can borrow my car _ you promise not to drive too fast. A. unless B. even ifC. in case D. as long as思路分析：选D。考查状语从句的引导词。句意：只要你答应开车不会太快，就可以借我的车。A项意为“除非”；B项意为“即使”；C项意为“以防”；D项意为“只要”。根据句意，选D。 . 单项填空1. You will succeed in the end _ you

15、 give up halfway. A. if B. unless C. now that D. as though【解析】选B。考查条件状语从句。句意：如果你不中途放弃，最终你会成功的。根据句意可知，条件状语从句中应是否定含义，故选择B项，意为“如果不，除非”。A项为“如果”；C项为“既然”；D项为“好像”。2. Peter told me he wanted to come with us. Is it OK for you?I dont mind _he pays for his meals. A. as far as B. as well asC. as long as D. as s

16、oon as【解析】选C。考查条件状语从句。句意：彼得告诉我他想和我们一起去。你认为可以吗？只要他自己付饭钱，我不介意他去。A项意为“远达，远及”，程度状语；B项意为“也，还；和一样好”，引导比较状语从句；C项意为“只要，如果”，引导条件状语从句；D项意为“一就；刚刚”，引导时间状语从句。根据句意和词义选择C项。3. _ , there is always something one wants. A. One may however be richB. No matter rich one may beC. However rich one may beD. However one may

17、be rich【解析】选C。考查让步状语从句。句意：不管一个人有多么富裕，总有他要追求的东西。however意为“无论多么”，后跟形容词或副词，引导让步状语从句。根据句子结构选择C项。4. Small sailboats can easily turn over in the water _ they are not managed carefully. A. thoughB. before C. untilD. if【解析】选D。考查条件状语从句。句意：如果小帆船掌控不好的话，很容易在水中侧翻。根据they are not managed carefully应表示一种假设，因此空处应选用if

18、引导条件状语从句。5. I hate those who show off their knowledge _ they have the chance. A. whatever B. wheneverC. wherever D. however【解析】选B。考查时间状语从句。句意：我讨厌那些每当有机会就炫耀知识的人。句子缺少时间状语，故选择B项，意为“每当，无论何时”。6. Convenient _ plastic bags are for people, they will cause white pollution. A. as B. although C. since D. while

19、【解析】选A阿。考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管塑料袋对人们来说很方便，但是会引起白色污染。A项作连词引导让步状语从句时，将作表语的形容词或名词、作状语的副词、作谓语的实义动词放到句首，构成一种倒装结构，符合本句的意义和结构，因此选A。7. Although I hurried, _ I was late for the train. A. but B. so C. yet D. that【解析】选C。考查让步状语从句。句意：虽然我很匆忙，但是我还是没有赶上火车。although意为“虽然，尽管”，引导让步状语从句时不能再和but连用，可以和yet或still连用。8. The Red Cross

20、 is expected to send help _ there is human suffering. A. whoever B. howeverC. whatever D. wherever【解析】选D。考查让步状语从句。句意：不管什么地方人类有痛苦都希望红十字会送去帮助。让步状语从句缺少地点状语，故选择D项。9. It takes three hours, _ route you take. A. however B. whoeverC. wherever D. whichever【解析】选D。句意：无论你走哪一条路都需要三个小时。however无论如何；whoever无论谁；wher

21、ever无论哪里；whichever无论哪个。根据句意可知选D。10. Jane hopes to become a friend of _ shares her interests. A. whomever B. anyoneC. whoever D. no matter who【解析】选C。考查宾语从句。句意：无论谁和她有共同的兴趣，简都希望成为她的朋友。介词of的宾语从句缺少主语，故选择C项。A项作宾语，D项只能用于让步状语从句。11. Allow children the space to voice their opinions, _ they are different from your own. A. until B. even if C. unless D. as though【解析】选B。考查让步状语从句。句意：要允许孩子们有发表自己观点的空间，即使这些观点和你的不一样。A项意为“直到”，引导时间或地点状语从句；B项意为“即使”，引导让步状语从句；C项意为“除非”，引导条件状语从句；D项意为“好像，仿佛”，引导方式状语从句。根据句意选择B项。12. I will take the dress _ the cost. A. whate