中考英语知识点归纳复习-名词

1、义务教育基础课程初中教学资料专题一、单项选择（一）名词【2011陕西】23. John wants to be a , so he often helps sick people in the hospital. A. reporter B. doctor C. scientist D. cookB【解析】考查点：本题考查名词的词义。reporter“记者”；doctor“医生”；scientist“科学家”；cook“厨师”。句意为“约翰想要成为一名医生，所有他常常在医院帮助病人”。故选B。【2011清远】38. Im so hungry. Please give me _ to eatA.

2、 three bread B three pieces of breadC. three pieces of breads D three piece of bread答案B【解析】考查可数名词与不可数名词的用法。bread为不可数名词，不加s，也不能直接用数字修饰，排除A和C。量词piece片是可数的要加s。【河北省2011】30. Cici enjoys dancing. Its one of her .A. prize B. prizes C. hobby D. hobbies【答案】D【解析】考查名词用法及one of这个句型，由题意可知：跳舞是Cici的一种爱好。One of后加名词

3、复数。【2011河南省】23.1 have some problems with my English writing. Can you give me some_? A. advice B. decisions C. information D. messages23.答案：A。考查名词。依据句意应该选A。句意：我的英语写作有困难，你能给我一些建议吗？【2011黑龙江绥化市】（） 2. Toms watch is the same as his_.A, brother B. brothers C. brothers答案：C 【解析】名词所有格。根据句意：“汤姆的手表和他哥哥的一样”。His

4、brothers =his brothers watch. 【2011黑龙江绥化市】（） 3. She likes_best of all the vegetables,A.potatoes B. eggs C. oranges答案：A【解析】词义辨析。用排除法，B、C不是蔬菜范畴，故选A。【2011内蒙古包头】( ) 34. Dad, Ive got an “A” in the math exam. Great. And Im sure you will do better, because this is a good _.A. report B. result C. start D. s

5、kill34. 答案：C【解析】本题词义辨析。A项意为“报告”；B项意为“结果”；C项意为“开始”；D项意为“技能；技术”。 句意为“爸爸，这次数学测试我到的A”“很好。我确信你会做的更好，因这是一个好的_”。根据语境可知，此空应填start,故选C。【2011四川德阳】23. Can I help you, sir? - Id like to have 100 _. I want my students to draw pictures. A. piece of paper B. pieces of paper C. pieces of papers答案： B【解析】本题考查不可数名词的运用

6、. paper是不可数名词，它没有复数形式，若表示数量，一般用a piece of短语表示，它的复数形式应体现在piece上。 paper是不可数名词，故排除C；答句意“我想要100张纸”。100张纸中，量词piece应用复数形式，故排除A。正确答案是：B。48. 【2011广西柳州】I bought an ice cream in the shop. A. river B. store C. home答案B【解析】考查名词的用法。我在商店买个冰淇淋。shop=store.故选B。32. 【2011广西柳州】Tony has many Chinese _. A. stamp B. stamps

7、 C. a stamp答案B【解析】考查名词复数的用法。many意为“很多”后接名词复数，故选B。【2011湖南湘潭】21. The_ of most trees will fall in autumn.A leaf B. leafs C leaves答案：C【解析】本题考查的是名词复数的用法。根据题意，秋天，大多数的树叶都会落。leaf的复数形式为leaves，故本题选C。【2011哈尔滨】21. Boys and gills, feeling peaceful is the first step to becomein the exam. So please take a deep bre

8、ath and calm down.A. runnersB. winnersC. players答案：B【解析】考查名词词义辨析 根据句意：保持平静心态是成为考试“获胜者”的第一步。【2011四川达州】25.How many teachers are there in your school? them over two hundred.A. woman; The number of; is B. women; The number of; isC. woman; A number of; is D. women; A number of; are答案：B【解析】本题主要考查名词复数的用法。英

9、语中有这样使用习惯：child、man、women这样的名词作定语时，如果后面被修饰的名词是复数，child用原形，而man和women要变成复数。a number of表示若干，许多，谓语用复数。the number of表示.的数量。题意为：-你们学校有多少女老师？-数量超过200。可知本题选B。【2011四川广元】10.Our hospital needs two doctors, Mrs Li. You can ask your son to have a try.A. women B. man C. men答案：C 【解析】名词复数。由“你让你的儿子试一试”可知“我们医院需要两名男医

10、生”，排除A；man作doctors的定语，doctors用复数，故man也应用复数形式。【2011四川宜宾】23. There are many _ playing on the playground. A. child B. children C. man teachers D. sheeps答案：B【解析】B 考查名词复数用法 孩子的复数是“children”，男老师“men teachers”， 羊“sheep”单复数相同。故选B。（2011四川资阳）16.There are so many _ over there. Whats happening? Lets go to have

11、a look. A. flower B. car C. child D. people答案：D【解析】考查名词用法。many后接可数名词复数。故选D。【2011天津】31. For my homework I have to write a(n)_ about the wonders of the world. A. music. B. picture. C. composition. D. exam答案：C 【解析】词义辨析。Music 音乐， picture 图片， exam 测试，都不符合句意。只有composition 作文符合句意。【2011乌鲁木齐】21. He has somet

12、hing wrong with his _ .He cannot see clearly.A. leg B. eye C. hand D. arm【答案】B【解析】名词辨析 由下文看不清，可知眼睛有毛病。 (2011贵州毕节)22Hello! May I speak to Lucy，please?Sorry，Im afraid you have the wrong Away Bname Cnumber Dtelephone解析：本题考查名词词义辨析。Hello! May I speak to Lucy，please?是打电话常用术语，故答案选C，意为“号码”。【2011梧州】40. Pleas

13、e pick up the _. Dont keep it on the floor.A. paper B. boxes C. books D. bottles【答案】A【解析】名词的考察 由“Dont keep it on the floor.”可知应是不可数名词或单数可数名词【2011福建莆田】( ) 25. I want a_ to cut the big apple. Could you pass me one?Certainly, here you are.A. fork B. knife C. spoon答案B【解析】名词词义辨析。句意为“我想要一个_来切苹果”所以应该是刀子。【2

14、011广东深圳】4, Could you please tell me something about the two_ ? _. They arc exchange students of No. 1 Middle School.A. Frenchmen; Yes, please B. Frenchmans; Come on C. Germen; Not at all D. Germans; All right答案：D 【解析】名词复数与交际用语用法。Frenchman的复数是Frenchmen，German的复数不是把a换成e，而是直接加s, 即Germans，故B,C错。Yes, ple

15、ase包含“好吧和感谢”的意思，All right指指“好吧”。故D对。【2011贵州贵阳】33. Excuse me, how can I get to the nearest bus stop? Go down this road. Its about_ walkA. five minutes B. five minutes C. five-minutes答案：B 【解析】 这里考查的是表示时间、距离时，使用含数词的名词所有格形式作定语。名词应用其复数形式的所有格。故选B。(2011湖南岳阳中考)25.Its from our school to my home. A. ten minut

16、es walk B. ten minutes walk C. ten minutes walk解析：本题考查名词所有格。以-s结尾的名词所有格只加“”，故答案选A。( 2011大庆) 11. Did you hear any strange _when the quake happened? No, I was in my garden with my flowers and was enjoying the beautiful _of my birds at that time.A. voice; noise B. noise; sound C. whisper; sound D. soun

17、d; voice 答案：D【2011本溪】1. Could you lend me your _?I want to take some photos.A. watchB. radioC. cameraD. telephone答案： C【2011宁夏】( )28. We have only one Earth. Its our common _.A. family B. house C. home D. room答案：C【2011广西崇左】28.Whats in the icebox? -A few _, but little _. A.apple,milk B.apple,milks C.a

18、pples,milks D.apples,milk 【解析】D 考查点：形容词辨析。解题思路：few修饰可数名词的复数形式，little修饰不可数名词。故选D。【2011广西贺州】36. Mazys skirt is the same as her_.A. sisters B. brother C. brothers D. sisters答案：D【解析】D考查点：名词所有格。解题思路：skirt表示“裙子”，根据常识可知一般女孩才有裙子，故排除B、C。根据句意：Mary的裙子与她妹妹（姐姐）的（裙子）一样。比较的对象应该相同。故选D。【2011郴州】22. There isnt any _in

19、 the fridge. We need to go shopping.A. orangesB. milkC. eggs答案：B【解析】考查名词。根据题干中的isntany，可判断后接不可数名词，选项中只有B是不可数名词。【2011遵义】21.The foreigners from the USA like Chinese dishes very much. A.plates B.food C.fruit 答案：B 【2011遵义】29.Wheres Jack? Hes left a _ saying that he will be back in a minute. A.message B.

20、news C.information 答案：A 【2011泰州】3. He has poor _, so he cant see the words on the blackboard clearly. A. smell B. taste C. hearing D. eyesight答案：【2011重庆江津】() 22.I have to speak to my grandpa loudly because something is wrong with his . A. eyesB. earsC. handsD. legs答案：B【2011山东菏泽】21 .As young adults,

21、it is our_ to try our best to deal with each challenge in our education with the help of our teacher. A. work B. job C. duty D. task 答案C 【解析】句式结构。work 工作；job 职业；task任务。句意：作为未成年人，在老师的帮助下尽力处理好教育方面的每次挑战是我们的责任。故选C。【2011山东滨州】22. Work hard, and youll get good _.A. lessons B. notes C. gradesD. answers答案：C

22、【解析】考查词义辨析。lessons“课”；notes“笔记”；grades“成绩”；answers “回答，答案”。由句意“努力工作，你就会获得好成绩。”可知选C。【2011山东泰安】32. Yao Ming is very popular among teenagers. Yes. Many middle school students are his _. A. heroesB. starsC. fansD. brothers答案：C【解析】句意理解。姚明在青少年中很受欢迎，因此很多中学生是他的粉丝。32. 【2011福州中考】 I am thirsty. May I have some

23、thing to drink? Ok. Heres some _.A. rice B. breadC. water 答案：C 【解析】考查名词的用法。由问句句意“我渴了，我可以喝一些东西吗？”可知，只有C为液体。故选C。【2011重庆】24. Could you please get me some_? Im hungry.A. apple B. water C. bread D. egg答案C【解析】考查可数名词与不可数名词。some意为“一些”，后跟可数名词复数形式或不可数名词，A、D为单数形式，需排除。由答语“I hungry”可推测，想要点吃的东西。故选C。【2011浙江宁波】21.

24、Excuse me, where can I exchange _? Theres a bank on the second floor.A. books B. food C. money D. stamps答案：C 【解析】词汇辨析。books书；food食物；money钱；stamps邮票。根据答语的意思，在二楼有一家银行，再结合问句，请问我可以在哪里换钱？得出答案C。【2011浙江宁波】25. You look so healthy! Yeah, I like eating apples. An apple a day keeps the _ away. A. teacherB. wor

25、kerC. farmerD. doctor答案：D 【解析】结合俗语考查名词意义。“An apple a day keeps the doctor away.”这是一句俗语。意为“每天一只苹果，医生远离你。”【2011山东聊城】35. Peter regards Liaocheng as his second because he has lived here for ten years.A. family B. house C. home D. room答案：C 【解析】名词词义辨析。family指的是家庭成员，一般不涉及房屋。house是指居住的建筑物。home是指家庭成员所居住的那种环境

26、或与房屋有关的“家”。句意：彼得把聊城看作他的第二个家，因为他已经在这儿住了十年了。故选C。【2011邵阳】21. Im not sure about the meaning of the word. Youd better look it up in a (n) _.A. letter B. dictionary C. article 答案：B 【解析】名词的词义。句意为：我不敢确定单词的意思，你最好的在字典里查一下。不确定单词的意思，应该查找一下字典。【2011广安市】23 Are there any _ in the picture? Yes, there are. A. fish B.

27、 pork C. beef 答案：A【解析】考查名词。B与C都是不可数名词，be动词用单数；fish表示鱼的数量时，单数和复数同形。故选A。【2011浙江丽水】26The singer felt very sorry and decided he would never drive again after drinking. The traffic accident was really a _ to him. Agame B. pleasure C. skill D. lesson 答案：D 【解析】词义辨析。be a lesson to sb意为“对于某人来说是一个教训”。（2011南京）

28、7. Mrs Black, could you give me some advice on how to write an application letter? With pleasure. Remember that the letter should be written in the formal _. A. value B. style C. effect D. mood答案:B【解析】考查句意理解和词义辨别。理解句意，此处指用正式的格式，style意为：样式，风格。【2011浙江舟山】19. Would you please pass me something to drink?

29、 What about some _? A. beefB. fishC. juice D. bread答案：C【解析】名词词义辨析。beef意为“牛肉”；fish意为“鱼肉”；juice意为“果汁”；bread意为“面包”。根据上句提及something to drink(一些喝的东西)；下句中只有juice符合问句。故选C。【2011山东德州】25. Today, we have many other _ to pay besides coins or paper money.A. excusesB. waysC. chancesD. plans答案：B【解析】词汇辨析。excuses “借

30、口”；ways “路，方式”；chances “机会”；plans “计划”；又根据句意：今天除了硬币或纸币外，我们还有其他的方式付钱。只有B符合题意。【2011江苏淮安】7. Would you like some _? Yes, please. Im thirsty. A. water B. bread C. pens D. clothes答案：A 【解析】名词语境题。根据后面的语境“我饿了。”可知上文“你想来一些吃的吗？”water 水 bread 面包 pens 钢笔 clothes 衣服。故选B。【2011温州】5.I am tired after the long walk.I w

31、ant to have a _.A. talk B. look C. party D.rest答案：D【解析】词义辨析 have a talk“谈话” have a look“看一看”，have a party“举行聚会” have a rest“休息”。根据句意“长时间走路以后我很累。”可推测“我想休息一下”。【2011山东德州】25. Today, we have many other _ to pay besides coins or paper money.A. excusesB. waysC. chancesD. plans答案：B【解析】词汇辨析。“借口”；“路，方式”；“机会”；

32、“计划”；又根据句意：今天除了硬币或纸币外，我们还有其他的方式付钱。只有B符合题意。【2011山东德州】17. _ is celebrated on September 10.A. National DayB. Teachers DayC. Dragon Boat FestivalD. Spring Festival答案：B 【解析】词组辨析。September 10意思为9月10号，是教师节，故答案为B。【江西省2010】37. The doctor told me to eat more_ because its good for my health.A. orange B. vegeta

33、bles C. ice cream d. fish【答案】D【解析】名词用法 由句意“有益于健康”，排除A和C。vegetables为复数形式。故选D。4.【2011扬州】Im sorry I went out for a smoke. I was very tired.Theres no _ for this while you are at work.A. causeB. excuseC. matterD. choice答案：B【解析】词义辨析。Cause指的是“原因”；excuse指的是“借口”；matter指的是“麻烦事”；choice指的是“选择”。根据句意：在上班时没有借口出去抽烟

34、。【2011湖南怀化】24. At night, we can see colorful lights on both _ of the streets. A. sides B. side C. sides答案：A 【解析】名词复数的考查。街道的两边是复数，得出答案A。【2011铜仁】24. _ is the most important festival in China. A. Christmas B. Spring Festival C. Mid-autumn Day D. National Day答案：B【解析】词义辨析。Christmas是圣诞节；Spring Festival 是春

35、节；Mid-autumn Day是中秋节；National Day是国庆节。根据句意“在中国最重要的节日”当然是春节。故选B。【2011湖北黄冈】37. Mrs. Wang was sent to teach English in a poor mountain village last year. She said she would never forget some pleasant _while working there.A. experiments B. expressions C. experiences D. emotions答案：C【解析】名词辨析。根据句意“她说他将永远不会

36、忘记她在那儿工作的愉快经历。” experience当经历讲可数。故选C。【2011山西】17. Read the _ carefully. They will help you know how to use the popper. A. instructions B. decisions C. results 答案：A 【解析】名词辨析。Instruction意为“说明”，decision意为“决定”， result意为“结果”。根据句意“仔细阅读说明”可知选A。(2011江苏宿迁)2. When you visit France, you can go to _ and take pho

37、tos there. A B C D【答案】A解析：考查国家标志。A项埃菲尔铁塔是法国巴黎的标志之一；B项澳大利亚悉尼歌剧院是悉尼的标志之一；C基富士山是日本的标志之一；D项长城是中国名胜古迹。句意“当你参观法国，你可以去_ 拍照。”。到了法国我们可以去埃菲尔铁塔拍照。故选A。【2011浙江绍兴】18. Excuse me. may 1 know your_? Sure. Its No. 3. Bridge Street.A. house B. address C. way D. place答案：B 【解析】词义辨析。由答语是“No. 3. Bridge Street.”，为“地址”，故选B。

38、【2011四川绵阳】17. My classmate lent me a(an) so that I wouldnt get wet in the rain. A. candle B. umbrella C. scarf D. Wallet答案：B【解析】词义辨析。candle意思是“蜡烛”；umbrella意思是“雨伞”；scarf意思是“围巾”；wallet意为“钱包”，根据句子意思可推断“同学借给我一把雨伞以便在雨中不会淋湿”，故选B。【泸州市2011】1. - How far is your family from here?- Its about ten _ walk.minutes

39、 B. minute C. minutes D. minutes答案：C 【解析】名词所有格。名词复数所有格在s后面直接加。【2011盐城】8. The two cities have reached an to develop science and technology. A. education B. excitement C. agreement D. invention答案：C考查名词用法。句意：这两个城市间达成一项协议,发展科学技术。3. 【2011苏州】 There are millions of websites on the Internet and there _ a lo

40、t of useful _ on the websites. A. are; informations B. are; information C. is; information D. is; information答案：C【解析】考查there be结构。information意为“消息”是不可数名词，be动词应用单数，先排除AB；故选C【2011湖北武汉】36. - Im going to the supermarket. Let me get you some fruit.- OK. Thanks for your _.A. offer B. information C. messag

41、e D. order答案： A【解析】考查名词的用法。句意：我打算去超市。让我给你买些水果。好的，谢谢你的提议（帮助）。offer提议；information消息，信息；message消息，口信；order命令；定单。【2011贵州安顺】15. _ about the sports meeting make us excited.A. NewsB. InformationC. MessagesD. Advice答案：C【解析】名词的考查。根据句意，谓语动词make是原形，可知主语应该是复数形式，而news, information, advice都是不可数名词，故C是正确的。【2011贵州安顺

42、】11. Can you imagine what life will be like in _ time?A. 50 yearsB. 50 yearsC. 50-yearsD. 50-years答案：A【解析】本题考查名词所有格做定语的用法, 当名词为复数作定语时, 直接在后面加即可。(2011湖南衡阳) 18.There are two and three on the table. A. apple; banana B. apples; banana C. apples; bananas答案：C 【解析】可数名词复数的考查。Apple与banana都为可数名词，故选C。【2011贵州安顺

43、】18. Mr. Smith always has _ to tell us. So he does. A. some good pieces of newsB. some pieces of good newsC. some good piece of newsD. some piece of good news 答案：A【解析】不可数名词的考查。News是不可数名词，当要表示几条消息时，应用量词piece，并且根据句意要在piece的后面加s。【2011湖北荆州】21. What do you like? I run every morning, and often play tennis

44、 at weekends.A. sports B. music C. art D. subjects【答案】A【解析】本题考查名词词义辨析。由run“跑步”和play tennis“打网球”可知所做之事均属sports范畴，故答案选A。(2011湖南衡阳) 29.Jack, will your family move to Shanghai?Yes. Thats a very big my parents made.A. decide B. decision C. education答案： B 【解析】词义辨析。根据句意：那是我父母做的一个大决定。用名词形式。【2011襄阳】26. - I h

45、ear you are not allowed to eat in class. -Right. Its one of the in our school. A. plans B. orders C. rules D. suggestions【答案】C【解析】名词辨析 上课不允许吃东西是学校的纪律。【2011四川德阳】4. Stop making so much _. The children are sleeping. A. voice B. noise C. sound答案：B【解析】本题考查词义辨析。voice一般指人的声音，说话、唱歌。谈笑都可用voice。noise意为“噪音”、“喧

46、闹声”，常指不悦耳、不和谐的嘈杂声。sound作“声音”，“响声”讲时，可以指人或动物发出的声音，或物体碰撞的声言。这个词的使用范围很大。可以说，大自然的任何“声音”都可以用sound。句意“不要制造那么大的噪音，孩子们正在睡觉”。根据句意可知用noise。故选B。【2011上海】34. The old man used to raise many _ to make a living on the farm.A) duck B) horse C) bird D) sheep答案：D【解析】考查点：名词复数形式的用法。 解题思路：many之后要使用可数名词的复数形式，选项A、B、C都是可数名词

47、，其复数形式为都要加-s;而sheep也是可数名词，其复数形式与单数形式相同，故答案选D；【2011上海】49. These natural disasters have warned us that everyone should start to protect the _ immediately.A) amusement B) development C) environment D) government答案：C【解析】考查点：名词辨析。 解题思路：该句意为“这些自然灾害已经警告人们每个人应当开始保护环境。”故选C；选项A意为“快乐”；选项B意为“发展”；选项D为“政府1. 【2011

48、无锡】The theme park is about _ ride from the museum. You should start out right now. A. two hour B. two hours C. two hours D. two hours答案：C【解析】本题考查名词所有格。以s结尾的只加“”，故答案选C。【2011湖南永州】22. There are many _ at the foot of the hill.A. cow B. horse C. sheep答案：C【解析】 many 修饰的是可数名词的复数形式，sheep的复数形式还是sheep， 故选C。【2011湖北十堰】27. In order to stay fi