方杨莲教案：完形填空解题技巧

1、高三英语二轮复习教案设计者：方杨莲设计主题：完形填空解题技巧1.整体设计思路、指导依据说明完形填空是一种测试考生综合运用英语语言知识能力的一种题型，它集阅读理解能力与语言应用能力考查于一体，考查考生在阅读理解基础上，在一定语言情景下灵活运用词汇的能力。近年来考查的重点已由在语篇中考查语法逐渐转向对语篇的整体理解。针对此类题型，教师有必要在教学过程中对学生进行相关的解题技巧，以提升他们的解题能力，本节课就完形填空的考向、命题特点、解题思路、解题技巧以及复习策略做出相应的总结，希望对学生在第二轮的专项复习中有所收益。2.教学背景分析教学内容分析： 此节课就完形填空这一高考重点题型做出相应的解题技巧

2、的分析，从考试趋向，命题特点、解题思路、解题技巧以及复习策略几方面给学生较为清晰地概括，在第二轮专项复习中给学生针对性的指导，以达到提升解题能力的目的。学生情况分析：目前学生处于二轮复习中，已基本掌握高考所需词汇和语法知识，需要进行更加针对性的解题指导和查漏补缺。3.教学目标分析 一、目标要求： （1）能熟练运用所掌握的词汇（词义、用法、搭配）以及语法知识； （2）能进行篇章知识分析，通过上下文通盘考虑； （3）运用个人所具备的知识（包括话题以及功能方面的背景知识）以及逻辑推理等与语言运用相关的经验做出判断和最佳选择。 二、语言技能： （1）阅读理解能力：要求考生能够以敏锐的眼光、良好的语感在

3、有限的时间内从选项中准确做出选择。考生就必须在充分理解上下文的情况下，熟练地运用所学的语法知识和词汇知识去完成每一个空，而不能孤立地去推敲一个句子或一处空白。 （2）词汇的语感能力：完形中的每一个空所填词的根据和理由，完全存在于段落之中甚至全文之中。这种词汇的运用能力是在阅读理解过程中培养起来的。所谓语感能力，即在一定语言环境下，对某个词汇是否适合于放在这个位置的判断能力。 （3）语法的运用能力：完形不是单纯测试语法，而是结合词汇的使用和对文章的理解设定的，所以是一种结合上下文的语法测试题。它测试考生在语境中运用语法与词汇的能力。三、学习策略 1. 能在课堂内掌握做英语完形填空的相关技巧。2.

4、 能获取相关信息（Reading for language, Reading for information, Reading for understanding, Reading for appreciation, Reading for enriching experience）, 且进行skimming, scanning, generalization等阅读技巧的训练。3. 能通过课堂中对词和句型结构的分析而独立完成语篇写作。4.教学重点、难点分析一、教学重点：培养学生阅读能力和一定的语篇文章分析能力以及语法的运用能力，通过对完形填空解题技巧的概括，达到解题能力的提升。二、教学难点：

5、了解学生在解题中的思路并加以分析，指导他们形成一定的解题方法。三、教具: 多媒体（课件）四、教学方式:利用网络搜集有关的高考复习资料。自主探究学习：指导学生课前自主学习与本课时有关的内容。合作学习: 合作讨论在完成完型填空题型的体会。5.教学过程设计(中文为主 + 所教学科目标语言）一、 Pre-class stage(before class) complete the material and try to find which questions are a bit difficult for students.二、 While-class stageStep I Lead in (2m

6、inutes)(引入，2分钟)总结完形填空的考测重点和方向。Step2. Warming- up (5 minutes) (热身5分钟)就2011年江西省高考完形填空做出解题思路和技巧的分析（该内容在课前已让学生准备）What a busy day! The three boys were fed, bathed and changed into their nightclothes. Mary had 36 them a story and finally they were asleep. Babysitting（照看）the three boys aged eight, six and

7、four is extremely _37_, she thought.Sleep, she considered, if only I could! But she had difficult homework to complete. Leaning back, she _38_ her feet onto the sofa to get comfortable. Whoever said babysitting was a(an) _39_ way to make money obviously hadnt met the three boys, she thought. The tel

8、evision was on, the room was warm, and the lights were dim. Marys _40_ felt heavier and heavier. I mustnt sleep, she thought - which was _41_ what she did, of course.36Agiven Bwritten Ctold Dtaught37Asuccessful Bhelpful Ctiring Dsurprising38Ashook Bput Cbent Dkept39Adifficult Bboring Cimportant Deas

9、y40Aeyes Bmind Cheart Dlegs41Anicely Bexactly Ccuriously Dcarelessly答案：CCBDAB学生活动：学生分组把自己的答案作出报告，已核对比较。Step 3. Conclusion (14minutes)(总结20分钟) 针对2011年江西省高考完形填空题做出完形填空题型分析：一 、完形填空考什么？ 1、上下文逻辑关系；2、词法及词义辨析；3、固定短语搭配；4、文化背景及生活常识二 、当前完形填空的命题特点：1、 考查的内容、考点的设计以实词(v., n., adj. 和adv.短语等) 的词汇意义与搭配为主，语法项目基本不考。(因

10、此，能否做好完形填空试题的关键是：读懂短文、读懂句子)。2、通过语境、上下文内容等考查词汇在具体语境中的意义为主；一词多义的考点增多。3. 短文的句式结构相对复杂了(如：语序复杂；插入语、同位语、多重定语、复合句增多)；4. 短文的题材内容多样化, 夹叙夹议、说明文、议论文等短文出现频率比较高三、 完形填空的解题思路总则：在把握整体的基础上对句子内部的情况进行分析跳过空格，通读全文， 把握大意 结合选项，综合考虑，初定答案 瞻前顾后，先易后难， 个个击破 再读全文，反复检查四、 完形填空解题技巧1.看清上下文，找准定位词充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。这些词有时可能

11、是同义词或反义词。例如：Some parts of the water are very shallow. But in some places it is very . A. deep B. high C. cold D. dangerous根据转折连词but的提示，所填入的词应与shallow 相反，因此答案为A。2.寻求上下逻辑，从容确定关系It has been many years since I was last in LondonI still remember something that happened during that visit. A. and B. for C.

12、 but D. as根据句前的many years和句后的still remember答案应选表示转折的连词but.3.通顺逻辑，寻求搭配注意固定的搭配，包括动词与介词的搭配、动词与名词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等，同时要根据内容选择正确的短语。例如： Heres a fellow who just walked into a bank and helped himselfso much money. A. for B. by C. to D. of表示“自取，随便拿”这个意义的短语是help oneself to故答案为C4.扎实基础，理清辨异Soon I heard alike that

13、 of a door burst in and then a climb of feet. A. sound B. cry C. voice D. shout选项中的四个词都表示不同的声音，但B，C，D项的三个词都是指从嗓子里发出的声音，而sound则表示各种各样的声音。因此答案是A。5.了解生活常识，确定相关知识(Immediately) the officers jumped into their cars and rushed to thehospital.A. animal B. biggestC. plant D. nearest在这样的紧急情况下，人们的第一个反应是到最近的医院就医

14、，因此答案为D。五、完形填空复习策略1积累词汇，注意词组、习语和句型的积累、同义词的辨析以及常见动词短语2. 奠定良好的语法功底3. 培养联系上下文的语篇能力4. 整理错题： 改变一个人的固有思维比纠正一个语法错误，难度更大，却更重要。5. 多阅读时代感强、文化气息浓厚的英文材料，原汁原味的更好。6. 考前热身。总结：要做好“完形填空”，必须紧紧抓住上下文语境，充分利用上下文语境所提供的线索。上下文语境包括选择项与所在句子中的语义联系，所在句与周围句群的关系，所在句在本段中所起的作用，所在句在整篇短文中所起的作用以及与文章主题思想的关系等。有些选项根据上下文就能比较容易地选出，而有些则必须根据

15、整篇文章的大意才能做出正确判断。Step 4 Practice & analyse (练习及分析12分钟) 练习2008年浙江省高考完形填空题并做出解题指导和分析。（这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章，作者通过回忆小时候与父亲一起做过的事，表达了父亲的爱和童年的欢乐。这篇文章课前已发给学生准备）In the depths of my memory, many things I did with my father still live. These things come to represent, in fact, what I call _21_and love. I dont remember my

16、 father ever getting into a swimming tool. But he did _22_the water. Any kind of _23_ride seemed to give him pleasure. _24_he loved to fish; sometimes he took me along. But I never really liked being on the water, the way my father did. I liked being _25_the water, moving through it, _26_it all arou

17、nd me. I was not a strong _27_, or one who learned to swim early, for I had my _28_. But I loved being in the swimming pool close to my fathers office and _29_those summer days with my father, who _30_ come by on a break. I needed him to see what I could do. My father would stand there in his suit,

18、the _31_person not in swimsuit. After swimming, I would go _32_ his office and sit on the wooden chair in front of his big desk, where he let me _33_anything I found in his top desk drawer. Sometimes, if I was left alone at his desk _34_ he worked in the lab, an assistant or a student might come in

19、and tell me perhaps I shouldnt be playing with his _35_. But my father always _36_and said easily, “Oh, no, its _37_.” Sometimes he handed me coins and told me to get _38_ an ice cream A poet once said, “We look at life once, in childhood,; the rest is _39_.” And I think it is not only what we “look

20、 at once, in childhood” that determines our memories, but _40_, in that childhood, look at us.21A. desireB. joyC. angerD. worry22A. avoidB. refuseC. praiseD. love23A. boatB. busC. trainD. bike24A. ButB. ThenC. AndD. Still25A. onB. offC. byD. in26A. havingB. leavingC. makingD. getting27A. swimmerB. r

21、iderC. walkerD. runner28A. hopesB. faithsC. rightsD. fears29A. spendingB. savingC. wastingD. ruining30A. shouldB. wouldC. had toD. ought to31A. nextB. onlyC. otherD. last32A. away fromB. out ofC. byD. inside33A. put upB. break downC. play withD. work out34A. the momentB. the first timeC. whileD. bef

22、ore35. A. fishing netB. office thingsC. wooden chairD. lab equipment36. A. stood upB. set outC. showed upD. turned out37. A. fineB. strangeC. terribleD. funny38. A. the studentB. the assistantC. myselfD. himself39. A. memoryB. wealthC. experienceD. practice40. A. whichB. whoC. whatD. whose 答案：BAACD

23、AADAB BDCCB BACABStep 5 : Consolidation (3 minutes) Difficulties - 1. 词汇 2. 语言结构和连接词 3. 上下文的理解和联系 Advice - 1. 认真复习课文 2. 巩固基础知识 3. 注意词汇的积累 4. 多加练习Step 6: Homework (布置作业): 布置一篇完型填空 ，训练学生的课后的解题One man was to meet his wife downtown and spend some time shopping with her. He waited _1_ for 15 minutes. The

24、n he waited impatiently for 15 minutes more. After that, he became _2_. When he saw a photograph booth (照相亭) nearby, he had _3_. He wore the most unhappy expression he could manage, which was not _4_ in the situation. In a few moments, he was holding four small prints that _5_even him.He wrote his w

25、ifes name on the back of the photos and handed them to a _6_ behind the desk in the booth. “ _7_ you see a small, dark lady with brown eyes and an apologetic expression, obviously _8_ someone, would you please give her this?” he said. He then _9_ his office in Morrison Building, _10_ that if a pictu

26、re is worth a thousand words, then the four photos must be a good _11_! He sat down with a smile.His wife _12_ these pictures. She carries them in her purse now and shows them to anyone who asks if she is married.How are you with _13_? One person calls it “waiting training”. It seems that there is a

27、lways something we are _14_. We wait on traffic and we wait in lines. We wait to hear about a new job. We wait to complete school. We wait for someone to change his or her mind.Patience is an important _15_ of a happy and rewarding life. _16_, some things are worth waiting for. _17_ presents many op

28、portunities for waiting training.We can hate waiting, _18_ it or even get good at it! But one thing is _19_- we cannot avoid it. How is your _20_ coming along?1. A. proudly B. respectfully C. patiently D. curiously2. A. angryB. hungryC. frightenedD. thirsty3. A. a questionB. a reasonC. an opinion D.

29、 an idea4. A. seriousB. difficultC. regularD. convenient5. A. hurtB. encouragedC. attracted D. shocked6. A. clerkB. secretaryC. passer-by D. friend7. A. SinceB. BeforeC. As D. If8. A. looking forB. working forC. sending forD. paying for9. A. called upB. returned toC. visitedD. left10.A. worried B. d

30、isappointed C. visitedD. left11.A. description B. preparation C. excuseD. lecture12.A. tore B. saved C. developedD. destroyed13.A. your wife B. your familyC. patienceD. determination14.A. hoping for B. waiting for C. ready forD. fit for15.A. lesson B. experience C. purposeD. quality16.A. For example B. After allC.