高中英语虚拟语气课件_人教版

SubjunctiveMood虚拟语气,1.英语动词有三种语气，陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。2.定义：用来表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气叫虚拟语气。,一、虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法,条件从句,If从句的谓语形式,主句的谓语形式,现在,过去,未来,did/were,haddone,would/could/should/might+V.(原),would/could/should/might+have+done,1.did/were2.shoulddo3.weretodo,1.IfIhadenoughtime,Iwouldtravelabroad.2.IfIwererich,Iwouldbuyyouanythingyouwant.3.IfIhadtakenyouradvice,Iwouldnthavemadeamistake.4.Ifhehadbeenthere,itwouldnthavehappened.,与现在事实相反,与过去事实相反,5.Ithinkwecoulddoit,ifweplaneditproperlyandcouldborrowthetools.6.Ifitshouldraintomorrow,theywouldntgoforanouting.7.Ifweweretohavethreedaysoff,wewouldenjoyaveryhappylife.,与将来事实相反,虚拟条件句中的省略与倒装,在虚拟条件句中有were,had,should三个助动词中的一个时,可以省略if,把这些词放在主语前。,例如：,IfIshouldmeether,Iwouldtellher.,=ShouldImeether,Iwouldtellher.,IfIwereinyourposition,Iwoulddoitbetter.,=WereIinyourposition,Iwoulddoitbetter.,Iftheyhadmadepreparations,theywouldhavesucceeded,=Hadtheymadepreparations,theywouldhavesucceeded.,三：虚拟语气假设条件句型注意点：,1.假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词不一致，叫做错综条件虚拟语气。主句和从句的谓语动词要依照假设的时间而顶。Iftheweatherhadbeenfiner,thecropswouldbegrowingstillbetter.Ifyouhadfollowedtheteachersadvice,youwouldntbeinthehospital.,2.假设条件虚拟倒装。条件从句中有should，were，had三个助动词可以把if省略，并将这三个词提至句首。IfIwereyou,Iwouldgiveitup.WereIyou,Iwouldgiveitup.Ifitwerenotforyouradvice,wecouldnthavegotoverthedifficulties.Wereitnotforyouradvice,wecouldnthavegotoverthedifficulties.,IfIhadhadtime,Iwouldhaverunroundthatlakeagain.HadIhadtime,Iwouldhaverunroundthatlakeagain.Ifthereshouldbeaflood,whatshouldwedo?Shouldtherebeaflood,whatshouldwedo?,2.without,with,otherwise,or(else)和butfor构成虚拟:含蓄条件句（butfor要不是）Withoutsunlight,peopleslifewouldbedifferentfromtoday.Butforyourhelp,Iwouldnthavefinishedthework.Withoutyourhelp,Iwouldhavefailed.Butforwater,itwouldbeimpossibletoliveinthedesert.,二、虚拟语气特殊句型：,wish+宾语从句,针对现在表达愿望(与事实相反)：,过去时(did/were),过去完成时(haddone),would/could/might+V.should,Wewishourparentswouldntpunishus.,(现在),(过去),与过去事实相反的愿望:,1,针对将来表达愿望:,IwishIwereabird.,IwishIhadntmadesuchamistake.,(将来),2.Ifonly要是就好了IfonlyIknewhisname!Ifonlywehadfollowedyouradvice!IfonlyIcouldseehimagain!,要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。要是我没错过火车就好了！,Ifonlyourparentscouldlivewithus!,IfonlyIhadntmissedthetrain!,3.wouldratherthat,Iwouldratheryoupaidmenow.,Iwouldratheryouhadgone,too.,Dontcome.Iwouldratheryoucametomorrow.,sbdidsth,(与过去情况相反),sb.haddonesth.,(与现在或将来情况相反),4.asif/though+从句,现在：过去：,过去时,过去完成时,Helooksasifheweredrunk.,Theytalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsforyears.,Shelovesthebabyasifitwereherownson.Itseemsasifitwerespring.Irememberthewholethingasifithadhappenedyesterday.,5.Its(about/high)time+that-,should+V.,过去时,你该走了。,我们该睡觉了。,Itshightimethatyouwent.Itshightimethatyouweregoing.Itshightimethatyoushouldgo.,Itstimethatwewenttobed.Itstimethatweshouldgotobed.,6.表示要求，命令，建议的虚拟语气。,宾语从句。常见动词：一个坚持：insist两个命令：order,command三个建议：advise,suggest,propose四个要求：demand,require,request,desire,这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法。即从句中的动词使用should+动词原形，或者将should省略。,我们建议Tom去休息一下。他坚决要求我到场。国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。,WesuggestedthatTomhavearest.,HeinsistedthatI(should)bepresent.,Thekingorderedthattheprisonersbekilledthenextday.,Theyrequestedthatwe(should)sendthemtoworkthere.,以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句包括主语从句，表语从句和同位语也要使用虚拟语气。从句中的动词形式一样。order,advice,suggestion,proposal,demand,request,desire,Itssuggestedthattheplanbecarriedout.Mydemandisthatsheshouldcometoseemeonceaweek.Allofusarefortheadvicethatthechemicalfactoryshouldbecloseddown.,8.Itsnecessary/strange/natural/important+that-从句中的动词要用虚拟，即（should）+动词原形,Itisimportantthatwe(should)master